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	Human T-lymphotropic virus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a human, single-stranded RNA retrovirus that causes T-cell leukemia and T-cell lymphoma in adults and may also be involved in certain demyelinating diseases.
		HTLV-I is an abbreviation for the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, also called the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1, a virus that has been seriously implicated in several kinds of diseases including HTLV-I-associated myelopathy and a virus cancer link for leukemia: see adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
		Studies of HTLV-I antibody indicate that the virus is endemic in southern Japan, in the Pacific coast of Colombia and Ecuador, in the Caribbean, and in Africa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virus (685 words)

	Adult T-cell leukemia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is believed to be the cause of several diseases, including adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a rare cancer of the immune system's own T-cells.
		ATLL is usually a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with no characteristic histologic appearance except for a diffuse pattern and a mature T-cell phenotype.
		Studies of HTLV-1 antibody indicate that the virus is endemic in southern Japan, in the Caribbean, and in Africa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemia/lymphoma (415 words)

	Leukemia & Lymphoma Society - Disease Information - Lymphoma
		Lymphoma is a general term for a group of cancers that originate in the lymphatic system.
		Lymphomas result when a lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) undergoes a malignant change and begins to multiply, eventually crowding out healthy cells and creating tumors that enlarge the lymph nodes or other parts of the immune system.
		The age-adjusted incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma rose by 76 percent from 1975-1979 to 2002-2003, an annual percentage increase of 2.6 percent.
	www.leukemia-lymphoma.org /all_page?item_id=7030 (893 words)

	Leukemia & Lymphoma Society - Disease Information - Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Facts & Statistics
		Lymphoma results when a lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) undergoes a malignant change and begins to multiply, eventually crowding out healthy cells and creating tumors which enlarge the lymph nodes or other sites in the body.
		Hodgkin lymphoma is a specialized form of lymphoma and will represent about 11.5 percent of all lymphomas diagnosed in 2005.
		Hodgkin lymphoma has characteristics that distinguish it from all other cancers of the lymphatic system: including the presence of an abnormal cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell (a large, malignant cell found in Hodgkin lymphoma tissues), incidence rates higher in adolescents and young adults and long-term survival rates of more than 85 percent.
	www.leukemia-lymphoma.org /all_page?item_id=8965 (1023 words)

	Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1, Melanesia \| CDC EID
		Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a human oncoretrovirus, is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia and of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1–associated myelopathy.
		Furthermore, 1 of the calibration methods frequently used, in phylogenetic analyses, to estimate a time scale for the evolution of HTLV and simian T-cell leukemia virus (STLV) appears to coincide with the first human migrations to Melanesia and Australia 40,000–60,000 years ago (2).
		Gessain A, Gallo RC, Franchini G. Low degree of human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I genetic drift in vivo as a means of monitoring viral transmission and movement of ancient human populations.
	www.cdc.gov /Ncidod/eid/vol11no05/04-1015.htm (2390 words)

	SUNY Upstate Medical University: Department of Microbiology
		Tax1 contributes pathologically to transformation and immortalization of T cells by dysregulation of cellular genes important for cell growth and cell cycle progression.
		Prevention of cell cycle egress of CD34+ cells following infection with HTLV-1 and elevated resistance to programmed cell death due to Tax1 expression may result in preferential retention of latently infected hematopoietic stem cells in quiescence and may be a significant pathogenic determinant of HTLV-1.
		We have recently demonstrated that KSHV is capable of establishing infection in human CD34+ cells and that viral gene expression is maintained after differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells.
	www.upstate.edu /microb/feuerlab/science.htm (506 words)

	HTLV-1
		Marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) was diagnosed in 82 cases (17%), follicular lymphoma in 52 (11%) and mantle cell lymphoma in 24 (5%).
		Using overall survival rates, the various B-cell lymphoma types could be divided into three broad groups for prognostic purposes: (i) low-risk group comprising follicular lymphoma and MALT; (ii) intermediate-risk group comprising diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma; and (iii) high-risk group comprising mantle cell lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma.
		The ultrastructural characteristics in skin lesions of ATLL were of atypical lymphocytes and mononuclear cells invading the epidermis, and the mononuclear cells are possessing the phagocytic function and phagocytizing the degenerated epidermic cells or lymphocytes.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/htlv1.htm (4107 words)

	Dying Of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma : thecancerwebsite.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, nk and t cell lymphomas mhc incompatible cell.
		Cutaneous t cell lymphoma is a lymphoma of t cell a type of white blood cell that is ctcl, the malignant t cells cycle and divide without dying off.
		Molecular triggers that stimulate cutaneous t cell lymphoma cells to clonally mydna australians are dying unnecessarily from the blood cancer lymphoma each year because.
	www.thecancerwebsite.com /dying-of-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma.html (1264 words)

	Center for Cancer Research - Staff Pages
		Epidemiological, molecular, and biochemical evidence suggests that HTLV-1 persistence in the host is associated with T cell clonal expansion and consequent accumulation of genetic lesions, resulting in leukemia.
		Consequently, calcium release and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription are decreased.
		In the case of CD4+ T cells, however, it has been difficult to ascertain their contribution as they are also the target for viral infection.
	ccr.cancer.gov /staff/staff.asp?profileid=5587 (887 words)

	Leukemia: Online References For Health Concerns
		The association between radiation exposure and leukemia was noted in survivors of the atomic bomb in Japan (Ichimaru M et al 1991) and in people who lived near the nuclear reactors in the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 (Noshchenko AG et al 2002).
		Acute T cell leukemia is associated with infection by the human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV); human lymphotrophic virus-1 causes leukemia in humans.
		Stem cells may be obtained from the patient (autologous) or from a donor (allogeneic) who is a close tissue match to the patient (Isidori A et al 2005; Linker CA 2003; Reiffers J et al 1996).
	www.lef.org /protocols/prtcl-067.shtml (3168 words)

	Prevalence of antibody to human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus in women attending antenatal clinic in southeast ...
		Prevalence of antibody to human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus in women attending antenatal clinic in southeast London: retrospective study -- Donati et al.
		Prevalence of antibody to human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus in women attending antenatal clinic in southeast London: retrospective study
		Human T-cell leukemia viruses: epidemiology, biology, and pathogenesis.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/320/7227/92 (953 words)

	Index: H (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cell death induced by Hid is preceeded by caspase activation and can be inhibited by caspase inhibitors.
		The Reed-Sternberg cell (a giant cell with several nuclei) is almost always found in Hodgkin's disease.
		Heat-shock protein 70 belongs to the Hsp family of highly conserved proteins, which are induced in prokaryotes and eukaryotes in response to a variety of physiological and environmental stresses.
	www.celldeath.de /encyclo/index/h.htm (531 words)

	Immortalization of CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocytes by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Mutants Expressed in a ...
		(1× phosphate-buffered saline, 10% FCS, 0.05% sodium azide) and
		T cells represent the major infected cell type in asymptomatic individuals (59, 60), and the leukemic cells
		T cells in the majority of cases (21, 31, 33).
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/6/4856 (7174 words)

	Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
		These lymphomas usually presents at diagnosis in stage III or IV, and often has an aggressive clinical course requiring prompt treatment.
		As with all lymphomas the molecular characteristics of the cells, and the stage of development are variable and therefore clinical course can be unique.
		Peripheral T-cell lymphomas unspecified presenting in the skin: analysis of prognostic factors in a group of 82 patients.
	www.lymphomation.org /type-t-cell-peripheral.htm (427 words)

	eMedicine - Human T-Cell Lymphotrophic Viruses : Article by Booth Wainscoat, DO
		The idea that retroviruses could be responsible for human leukemia was not in favor for most of the 20th century, primarily because retroviruses were easy to recognize in nature and primate leukemias were not caused by viruses.
		RT was found in some adult leukemia cases as early as 1972, but isolation of a lymphotrophic retrovirus was not possible because of the inability to promote culture of human myeloid leukemia cells in liquid culture.
		The first human leukemic retrovirus detection was made in 1979 by Minna and Gazdar, but it was Poiesz and Gallo, in 1980, who demonstrated the infectivity, antibody response, and evidence of provirus from the first human T-cell lymphotrophic virus (HTLV-1), isolated from an adult with a cutaneous T-cell malignancy.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic1038.htm (6945 words)

	Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1-positive T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in a child Archives of Pathology & Laboratory ...
		Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is associated with the retrovirus human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) and therefore is common in areas that are endemic for HTLV-1 infection.
		Neoplastic cells in all forms of ATL are characterized by deep nuclear indentations or lobulations, the so-called flower-cells.
		Immunophenotypic studies using flow cytometry demonstrated that the lymphocytes in the blood and bone marrow were helper T cells (positive for the CD2, CD3, CD4, CDS, and CD25 antigens and negative for the CD8 antigen) (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, Calif).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3725/is_199712/ai_n8779724 (860 words)

	Retrovirology \| Full text \| APOBEC3G targets human T-cell leukemia virus type 1
		APOBEC3G, also known as CEM15 [1], is a host cellular protein which has a broad antiviral activity on a wide variety of retroviruses including HIV-1, other lentiviruses, and murine leukemia virus (MLV) [2-4].
		The infectivity assay on target cells after 10 days of culture also showed similar results (data not shown), suggesting that the possible detection of residual viral DNA in the culture was unlikely.
		Yonezawa A, Hori T, Takaori-Kondo A, Morita R, Uchiyama T: Replacement of the V3 region of gp120 with SDF-1 preserves the infectivity of T-cell line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
	www.retrovirology.com /content/2/1/32 (4415 words)

	Seminal Fluid Enhances Replication of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1: Implications for Sexual Transmission -- ...
		The transfected cells were left untreated or treated with the indicated concentrations of seminal fluid and harvested for luciferase assays 2 days after transfection.
		B and HIV-1 LTR activity in mouse L cells by ultraviolet radiation: LTR trans-activation in a nonirradiated genome in heterokaryons.
		Heterosexual transmission of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 among married couples in southwestern Japan: an initial report from the Miyazaki cohort study.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/22/12709 (1995 words)

	TCGF(IL 2)-receptor inducing factor(s). II. Possible role of ATL-derived factor (ADF) on constitutive IL 2 receptor ...
		Interleukin 2 (IL 2) receptor (IL 2-R) is constitutively expressed on T cell lines established from the patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL), which is a human T cell leukemia lymphoma virus (HTLV-1)(+) T4(+)-leukemia endemic in Japan, the United States, and other countries.
		To test the possibility that ADF produced by HTLV-1(+) T cells is involved in the abnormal expression of IL 2-R, we studied the effect of ADF on an HTLV-1(+) IL 2-dependent T cell line (ED) in which the beta-chain gene of the T cell antigen receptor (T beta) was rearranged.
		Unlike IL 2-independent HTLV-1(+) cell lines that constitutively expressed Il 2-R, the IL 2-R expression on ED cells declined in the absence of crude IL 2 or recombinant IL 2.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1986/mar/M8630082.html (640 words)

	Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Associated With Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I ...
		He was given transfusions of red blood cells and platelets and was discharged in February 1987, despite continued clinical and laboratory abnormalities.
		Editorial Note: HTLV-I, the first human retrovirus to be discovered, was first isolated and reported in the United States in 1980 (1) and in Japan in 1981 (2).
		Studies of HTLV-I antibody indicate that the virus is endemic in southern Japan (3), in the Caribbean (4), and in Africa (5,6).
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001013.htm (1196 words)

	Regulation of IFN Regulatory Factor 4 Expression in Human T Cell Leukemia Virus-I-Transformed T Cells -- Sharma et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Whole cell extracts were prepared from (A) primary human T lymphocytes (A), HTLV-I-infected MT2, C8166, and MT4 or control Jurkat, CEM, and T4 T cell lines (B), and PBL isolated from patients with ATL or HAM/TSP (C).
		Cells were assayed for luciferase activity at 46 h post-transfection; percentages represent firefly luciferase units corrected for transfection efficiency by Renilla luciferase expression relative to luciferase activity of the full-length 1.2-kb promoter in MT2 cells.
		Activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells in a cyclosporin A-resistant pathway.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/169/6/3120 (7819 words)

	health.com :: leukemia
		Leukemia occurs slightly more often in whites than in African Americans.
		The HTLV-1 (human T cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-1) can cause a rare type of acute lymphocytic leukemia.
		No link between leukemia and these chemicals has been proved, but if you want to play it safe, eat fewer meat and dairy products.
	www.health.com /health/wynks/LeukemiaWYNK2000-MAL/causes.html (432 words)

	NK cell lymphoma
		Bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation for this type of lymphoma is being studied in clinical trials." [7]
		Nasal and nasal-type T/NK-cell lymphoma with cutaneous involvement.
		Nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma of the orbit with distant metastases.
	www.lymphomation.org /type-NK.htm (446 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Dictionary » Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1
		Introdution: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1
		Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 : strain of primate T lymphotropic virus 1 isolated from mature T4 cells in patients with T lymphoproliferation malignancies; causes adult T cell leukemia, T cell lymphoma, and is involved in mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome and tropical spastic paraparesis.
	wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/human_t_cell_lymphotropic_virus_type_1.htm (339 words)

	OhioLINK ETD: Adya, Neeraj
		Mechanism of human T cell leukemia virus type-I gene (HTLV-I) regulation as mediated by regulatory protein, Tax
		Human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) or HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM).
		In addition to its essential role in viral replication, Tax activates transcription of various cellular genes involved in mediating cell growth.
	rave.ohiolink.edu /etdc/view?acc_num=case1057765609 (384 words)

	Proliferation of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma cells is associated with the constitutive activation of ...
		Proliferation of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma cells is associated with the constitutive activation of JAK/STAT proteins -- Takemoto et al.
		Proliferation of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma cells is associated with the constitutive activation of JAK/STAT proteins
		Human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) induces adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/94/25/13897 (2270 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		The Human T cell Leukemia Lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-I) was the first human retrovirus to be discovered (1).
		It is associated to adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and a progressive neuromyelopathy named Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (TSP) (2).
		In this work we cloned and expressed the core protein p19 and p24 fussed to IL-2 fragment, under tryptophan promoter, and the expression level obtained was 10% of total bacterial protein.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ba95033 (461 words)

	T-cell-derived IgE-binding factors. II. Purification and characterization of IgE-binding factors produced by human T ...
		Purification and characterization of IgE-binding factors produced by human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus-1-transformed T lymphocytes.
		The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
		These findings suggest that the gene coding for both Fc epsilon R and IgE-BF may also be expressed on some human T cells.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1988/apr/M8840077.html (319 words)

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