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Topic: Human chorionic gonadotrophin

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Human chorionic gonadotropin

Corpus luteum

Human growth hormone

Teratoma

HCG

Endocrine system

Major histocompatibility complex

Classical complement pathway

Red packet

Plasma cell

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Complement system

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	Human chorionic gonadotropin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta).
		hCG is a glycoprotein composed of 237 amino acids with a molecular mass of 36.7 kDa.
		The ability to quantitate the βhCG level is useful in the evaluation of ectopic pregnancy and in monitoring germ cell and trophoblastic tumors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_chorionic_gonadotrophin (757 words)

	* HCG - (Pregnancy & Parenting): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin) is a hormone that suppresses menstruation and sustains pregnancy.
		HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin): A hormone produced by the placenta throughout pregnancy and necessary for maintenance of normal gestation.
		Beta hCG -- A highly specific fragment of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) complex which is very important in assessing (1) the presence of pregnancy, (2) the health of the fetus, and (3) the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy...
	www.bestknows.com /pregnancy/hcg.html (1539 words)

	Data Sheet
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) as a white, freeze-dried, sterile powder 2000 or 5000 IU.
		HCG is a gonadotrophin with predominantly luteinising properties produced by the placenta and is obtained from the urine of pregnant women.
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), a polypeptide produced by the human placenta, is composed of an alpha and a beta sub-unit.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /Profs/Datasheet/p/Profasiinj.htm (1261 words)

	Human Chorionic Gonadotropin/Robert Maragoul
		Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone that was originally identified by virtue of its involvement in reproduction.
		The synthesis of hCG starts declining between the 11th and 12th week of gestation and is maintained at a low level throughout the pregnancy, besides the intact hormone, free hCG subunits, enzymatically modified molecules are found in the urine and also in the serum of pregnant women.
		Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which is a pregnancy hormone is a heterodimeric glycoprotein gormone that is involved in activation of the adenylate-cyclase system in luteal cells, which is essential for the maintenance of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy.
	wwwchem.csustan.edu /chem4400/SJBR/maragoul.htm (2143 words)

	hCG (Human Choriogonadotropin) and obesity treatment- References
		Pregnancy beta1 glycoprotein and chorionic gonadotrophin in the serum of patients with trophoblastic and non-trophoblastic tumors.
		Chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the therapy of chronic peripheral obliterating arteriopathy (CPOA) of the lower extremities caused by arteriosclerosis.
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin therapy in hypogonadal thalassaemic patients with osteopenia: increase in bone mineral density.
	hcgobesity.org /references.htm (908 words)

	Buy Hcg - Human Chorionic Gonadrotropin for sale
		HCG is provided as a glycoprotein powder to be diluted with water, and acts in the body like LH, stimulating the testes to produce testosterone even when natural LH is not present or is deficient.
		HCG does not correct the problem of progressively-decreasing ejaculatory volume that is typical during a steroid cycle.
		HCG can also useful for returning testosterone to normal levels should levels be low post-cycle, or, with care, to increase levels from normal to high normal.
	www.anabolicsteroidsavenue.com /hcg.htm (430 words)

	AllRefer Health - HCG - Qualitative - Serum (Beta-HCG - Qualitative Serum, Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin - Qualitative ...
		This is a blood test to detect beta-HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), a hormone normally produced during pregnancy.
		HCG, a hormone produced during pregnancy, is detectable in the blood or urine 1 to 2 days after implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus (10 days after ovulation).
		HCG also stimulates the development of fetal gonads and synthesis of androgens (male hormones) by the fetal testes.
	health.allrefer.com /health/hcg-qualitative-serum-info.html (455 words)

	Bodybuilding.com - Big Cat - In Depth HCG / Pregnyl Profile!
		HCG is clinically used to make women ovulate, or to invoke birth in pregnant women.
		In these cases too HCG can have a use, but most of the time testicular atrophy will not have progressed to such a stage that it is an absolute necessity.
		HCG IS and always will be an important part of post-cycle recovery, but it should never be run too long or at too high a dose and should always be accompanied by the use of either Clomid or Nolvadex.
	www.bodybuilding.com /fun/cathcg.htm (1033 words)

	Guest Medical - HCG Tests
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the placental trophoblastic cells shortly after the fertilized ovum is implanted in the uterine wall
		If hCG is present in the specimen, it will react with the conjugate dye, which binds to the antibody on the strip and generates a coloured line.
		Swaminathan, N. and Bahl, O.P. Dissociation and Recombination of the Subunits of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.
	www.guest-medical.co.uk /html/f_lab_path_pregnant.htm (939 words)

	Human chorionic gonadotrophin for recurrent miscarriage (Cochrane Review) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration during early pregnancy on the risk of miscarriage in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage.
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin was associated with a reduced risk of miscarriage for women with a history of recurrent miscarriage (odds ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.52).
		Authors' conclusions: There is not enough evidence to evaluate the use of human chorionic gonadotrophin during pregnancy in order to prevent miscarriage in women with a history of unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriage.
	www.cochrane.org /cochrane/revabstr/ab000101.htm (314 words)

	Profasi (Marketed Products) - Serum Institute of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin is a hormonal substance obtained from human pregnancy urine.
		Profasi is used in the treatment of anovulatory infertility, where its administration would form part of a recognized treatment regimen involving the prior stimulation of follicular maturation and endometrial proliferation, e.g.
		hCG may be also used as part of a regimen of ovarian stimulation in assisted conception techniques.
	www.seruminstitute.com /content/products/product_profasi.htm (994 words)

	Hormones: Does High HCG Always Mean Pregnancy?
		I was told my HCG level is high (over 5) and that this shows I am pregnant.
		Rarely, after menopause the pituitary gland production of hCG increases to the point where it may be detectable; this is usually associated with a high level of the hormone LH as well.
		If the HCG level is rising, you may be pregnant, or there may be a tumor.
	health.ivillage.com /gyno/gynoreprohealth/0,,5l8g,00.html?par=msn\|diet\|hyper&iv_cobrandRef=msndiet (410 words)

	125I-labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) as an elimination marker in the evaluation of hCG decline during ...
		I-labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) as an elimination marker in the evaluation of hCG decline during chemotherapy in patients with testicular cancer
		The rate of reduction in the concentration of serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) following chemotherapy for germ cell tumours may follow a complex pattern, with longer apparent half-life during later stages of chemotherapy, even in patients treated successfully.
		I-labelled hCG was injected intravenously in 27 patients with germ cell tumours and elevated hCG during chemotherapy.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/bjc/journal/v80/n10/abs/6690565a.html (334 words)

	Principle of the Immulite assay for Human chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Principle of the Immulite assay for Human chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG).
		The HCG Test unit contains the coated bead and is bar coded to identify the assay to be performed and the reagent batch.
		HCG assays are particularly affected due to the very large increases above normal concentration (>100,000 times) which can occur in the second trimester of pregnancy or in patients with extensive tumour growth.
	members.aol.com /Richstott/Hcgkit.htm (408 words)

	human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		HCG levels in the maternal serum rise in early pregnancy.
		HCG is believed to rescue to corpus luteum from disolution.
		HCG is also produced by some gonadal and non-gonadal tumours e.g.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /simplepage.cfm?ID=342556727 (901 words)

	AllRefer Health - HCG - Quantitative (Beta-HCG - Quantitative Serum, Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin - Quantitative ...
		This is a blood test that measures the specific amount of HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin).
		HCG appears in the blood and urine of pregnant women as early as 10 days after conception.
		However, HCG may also be elevated in abnormal circumstances in men as well as women.
	health.allrefer.com /health/hcg-quantitative-info.html (412 words)

	Diagnosing suspected ectopic pregnancy -- Sau et al. 322 (7289): 793 -- BMJ
		human chorionic gonadotrophin concentrations in woman with ectopic pregnancy in whom pregnancy could not be identified on transvaginal scanning
		human chorionic gonadotrophin are reassuring, this is not so in all cases.
		Serial serum HCG measurements in a patient with an ectopic pregnancy: a case for caution.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/322/7289/793 (681 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of human pregnancy which affects around 5 to 10% of pregnancies.
		chorionic gonadotrophin (free (3-hCG) in a sample obtained from said pregnant woman; and (b) calculation means for determining the risk of pre-eclampsia using the input levels of the serum markers Inhibin A and free
		Inhibin A and free P- hCG values are raised in the pregnancies with pre-eclampsia and the level increases with decreasing time prior to proteinuria and is highest in women after the diagnosis of the disorder.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/64860.991216&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4703 words)

	Clearview Easy HCG - Rapid Diagnostics
		HCG is a dimeric glycoprotein hormone with a molecular weight of 46,000 daltons, consisting of an alpha and beta subunit with molecular weights of 18,000 and 28,000 daltons respectively
		In addition, it is thought hCG regulates the development and secretion of testosterone by the foetal testes as male sex is determined early in pregnancy when hCG levels are high and foetal plasma LH levels are low
		Alfthan H., Hagland C., Dabek J. and Stenman U.H. Concentrations of human Chorionogonadotropin, its b -subunit, and the core fragment of the b -subunit in serum and urine of men and non-pregnant women.
	www.medical.unipath.com /easyhcgabout.cfm (1524 words)

	British Journal of Biomedical Science: Monitoring human chorionic gonadotrophin level: Evaluation of urine as an ...
		Abstract: Although urine has been used widely for the qualitative detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), serum is chosen conventionally for the serial quantification of the hormone to monitor trophoblastic activity.
		Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone comprising two dissimilar subunits, termed ot and P. It is produced by trophoblastic tissue during pregnancy and in trophoblastic disease.
		The hormone is present in both serum and urine in a range of molecular forms, including intact hCG, nicked hCG molecules, free subunits, and Beta-core fragments.' Early pregnancy is characterised by the sequential appearance of hCG and 0-hCG.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3874/is_199901/ai_n8851216 (762 words)

	sBMJ \| Picture Quiz: Vaginal bleeding and vommiting in early pregnancy
		A hydatidiform mole is one of the gestational trophoblastic diseases which arises from the fetal chorion with varying degrees of trophoblastic proliferation, produces human chorionic gonadotrophin, and, in malignant cases, responds well to chemotherapy.
		The diagnosis is made by assessing serum concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin, ultrasound scanning, and by histological examination of curettings after evacuation of products of conception.
		Serial serum concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin should be checked at regular intervals, to monitor the rate and consistency of decline.
	www.studentbmj.com /issues/03/02/education/15.php (1214 words)

	Human chorionic gonadotrophin for recurrent miscarriage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The objective of this review was to assess the effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration during early pregnancy on the risk of miscarriage in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage.
		Randomised trials of human chorionic gonadotrophin compared with placebo or no treatment in women who have had two or more miscarriages.
		There is not enough evidence to evaluate the use of human chorionic gonadotrophin during pregnancy in order to prevent miscarriage in women with a history of unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriage.
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/english/ab000101.html (256 words)

	Obesity Study - Use of oral hCG for treatment of obesity: A double-blind study References
		Birmingham L, Smith K. Human chorionic gonadotropin is of no value in the management of obesity.
		Human chorionic gonadotropin in the treatment of obesity, West J Med 127: 461.463, 1977.
		A clinical study of the use of human chorionic gonadotropin in weight reduction.
	indexmedico.com /english/obesity/hcgselrf.htm (533 words)

	Hormonal regulation of steroidogenic enzyme expression in granulosa cells during the peri-ovulatory interval in monkeys ...
		Benyo, D.F., Little-Ihrig, L. and Zeleznik, A.J. (1993) Noncoordinated expression of luteal cell messenger ribonucleic acids during the human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation of the primate corpus luteum.
		Duncan, W.C., Cowen, G.M. and Illingworth, P.J. (1999) Steroidogenic enzyme expression in human corpora lutea in the presence and absence of exogenous human chorionic gonadotrophin.
		Kerban A., Boerboom, D. and Sirois, J. (1999) Human chorionic gonadotrophin induces an inverse regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein messenger ribonucleic acid in theca interna and granulosa cells of equine preovulatory follicles.
	molehr.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/6/1/11 (5339 words)

	Variability in the expression of trophectodermal markers {beta}-human chorionic gonadotrophin, human leukocyte ...
		Variability in the expression of trophectodermal markers {beta}-human chorionic gonadotrophin, human leukocyte antigen-G and pregnancy specific {beta}-1 glycoprotein by the human blastocyst -- Jurisicova et al.
		Variability in the expression of trophectodermal markers ß-human chorionic gonadotrophin, human leukocyte antigen-G and pregnancy specific ß-1 glycoprotein by the human blastocyst
		Human chorionic gonadotropin and growth factors at the embryonic-endometrial interface control leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion by human endometrial epithelium
	humrep.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/14/7/1852 (638 words)

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