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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Human dignity
		Human procreation requires on the part of the spouses responsible collaboration with the fruitful love of God (21); the gift of human life must be actualized in marriage through the specific and exclusive acts of husband and wife, in accordance with the laws inscribed in their persons and in their union.
		To use human embryos or fetuses as the object or instrument of experimentation constitutes a crime against their dignity as human beings having a right to the same respect that is due to the child already born and to every human person.
		The human person must be accepted in his parents' act of union and love; the generation of a child must therefore be the fruit of that mutual giving (45) which is realized in the conjugal act wherein the spouses cooperate as servants and not as masters in the work of the Creator who is Love.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Human-dignity (627 words)

	CNS STORY: Vatican announces World Peace Day theme with focus on human dignity
		The theme reflects the pope's "conviction that respect for the dignity of the human person is an essential condition for peace in the human family," said a July 13 Vatican announcement.
		Human dignity must be promoted and defended, it said, because human dignity "is the seal of God," who created men and women in his likeness; it is "the sign of the common destiny of humanity (and) the foundation of love for God and for one's neighbor."
		Peace is threatened when technology makes human life a commodity or "lifestyles that are disordered or contrary to human dignity" lead people to deny that the traditional family is the foundation of a strong society, it said.
	www.catholicnews.com /data/stories/cns/0603973.htm (358 words)

	Congregation for Doctrine of Faith
		The human being is to be respected and treated as a person from the moment of conception; and therefore from that same moment his rights as a person must be recognized, among which in the first place is the inviolable right of every innocent human being to life.
		The humanization of medicine, which is insisted upon today by everyone, requires respect for the integral dignity of the human person first of all in the act and at the moment in which the spouses transmit life to a new person.
		These human rights depend neither on single individuals nor on parents; nor do they represent a concession made by society and the state: they pertain to human nature and are inherent in the person by virtue of the creative act from which the person took his or her origin.
	www.ewtn.com /library/CURIA/CDFHUMAN.HTM (9169 words)

	Catholic Teaching ON THE DIGNITY OF PROCREATION - RESPECT FOR HUMAN LIFE
		Human procreation requires on the part of the spouses responsible collaboration with the fruitful love of God (21); the gift of human life must be actualized in marriage through the specific and exclusive acts of husband and wife, in accordance with the laws inscribed in their persons and in their union.
		To use human embryos or fetuses as the object or instrument of experimentation constitutes a crime against their dignity as human beings having a right to the same respect that is due to the child already born and to every human person.
		The human person must be accepted in his parents' act of union and love; the generation of a child must therefore be the fruit of that mutual giving (45) which is realized in the conjugal act wherein the spouses cooperate as servants and not as masters in the work of the Creator who is Love.
	www.priestsforlife.org /magisterium/donumvitae.htm (9619 words)

	Catholic Social Teaching -- Human Dignity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Whatever insults human dignity, such as subhuman living conditions, arbitrary imprisonment, deportation, slavery, prostitution, the selling of women and children; as well as disgraceful working conditions, where men are treated as mere tools for profit, rather than as free and responsible persons; all these things and others of their like are infamies indeed.
		The dignity of the human person, realized in community with others, is the criterion against which all aspects of economic life must be measured.
		The human person is the clearest reflection of God's presence in the world; all of the Church's work in pursuit of both justice and peace is designed to protect and promote the dignity of every person.
	www.osjspm.org /cst/q_dignity.htm (676 words)

	AEI - Short Publications
		What I have been calling the basic dignity of human being--sometimes expressed as the “sanctity of human life” or the “respect owed to human life” as such--in fact depends on the higher dignity of being human.
		Human life is lived always with and against necessity, struggling to meet and elevate it, not to eliminate it.
		Aspiration is the mother of all aspects of the dignity of being human.
	www.aei.org /publications/filter.all,pubID.25657/pub_detail.asp (880 words)

	Guest Editorial: Toward a Common Language on Human Dignity - Ethics & Medicine
		In the same way that human dignity precedes the actualization of important functional capacities, the writer of Hebrews commented, "By faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that the things which are seen were not made of things which are visible." (Hebrews 11:3, NKJ).
		Article 1 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights stipulates that, "All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights." Likewise, the principle of individual autonomy preeminent in much bioethical discourse is grounded in the respect for persons that flows out of a robust appreciation of human dignity.
		Human dignity is a given reality, intrinsic to the human substance, and not contingent upon any functional capacities which vary in degree.
	www.ethicsandmedicine.com /18/2/18-2-guest_editorial.htm (1530 words)

	American Life League - your pro-life information source: In Vitro Fertilization Undermines Human Dignity
		From conception, a human embryo has a complete genetic code and his or her growth and development is totally coordinated from within.
		Because the human person is a unity of body and spirit, both the unitive and procreative meanings of the conjugal act must be expressed spiritually and physically.
		When the human dignity of the spouse is not respected, it becomes difficult to recognize human dignity in others, especially the pre-born child.
	www.all.org /article.php?id=10166 (1152 words)

	D@dalos education server - Human Rights: Advanced subject of human dignity
		This is clearly demonstrated by comparing a short excerpt of a dictionary definition on the difficult term of "human dignity" with the dictionary definition of the term "human rights" in Basic course 1.
		Respect of human dignity means the state must cease to carry out all acts that encroach upon human dignity.
		In these cases, human dignity is associated with a specific physical comfort, or with the freedom of expression, or in other cases perhaps with the freedom to take a same-sex partner.
	www.dadalos.org /int/Menschenrechte/Grundkurs_MR2/Menschenwuerde/menschen.htm (858 words)

	Reply to Marc Guerra's 'The Affirmation of Genuine Human Dignity' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Human dignity stems from what a person is, that is, from what a person is essentially.
		When the notion of human nature is severed from its creaturely condition and the fact that it is made in the image of God, the human person can appear as the ultimate source of moral legitimacy as Marc Guerra shows.
		Hence, if we state human dignity to be the first principle of economic personalism, it is imperative that it be grounded in an understanding of human nature and the image of God.
	www.acton.org /publicat/m_and_m/2001_fall/crespo.html (802 words)

	Leon Kass: Defending Human Dignity
		Human Dignity is hard to define, but a definition is important if bioethicists hope to preserve it within the various realms of technological advancement.
		His presentation was intended as a contribution to a comprehensive concept of human dignity, which he believes is currently lacking in bioethical discussions.
		âAs a consequence,â he continues, âjust as the higher human powers and activities depend upon the lower for their existence, so the lower depend on the higher for their standing; they gain their worth or dignity mainly by virtue of being integrated with the higherâ”because the nature of the being is human.
	www.vision.org /visionmedia/article.aspx?id=2332 (1145 words)

	Principle of Human Dignity
		Human dignity therefore transcends any social order as the basis for rights and is neither granted by society nor can it be legitimately violated by society.
		While providing the foundation for many normative claims, one direct normative implication of human dignity is that every human being should be acknowledged as an inherently valuable member of the human community and as a unique expression of life, with an integrated bodily and spiritual nature.
		In Catholic moral thought, because there is a social or communal dimension to human dignity itself, persons must be conceived of, not in overly-individualistic terms, but as being inherently connected to the rest of society.
	www.ascensionhealth.org /ethics/public/key_principles/human_dignity.asp (305 words)

	CBHD: The Sanctity of Life - David P. Gushee
		All human beings are included (each and every human being), at all stages of existence, with every quality of experience, reflecting every type of human diversity, and encompassing every possible quality of relationship to the person who does the perceiving.
		This breathtaking and exalted vision of the worth and dignity of human beings is what we mean, or ought to mean, when we speak of the sanctity of life.
		Humans can have sanctity because God their Creator and Redeemer does, or because God wills that they should be viewed and treated as such.
	www.cbhd.org /resources/sanctity/gushee_2006-06-16.htm (1099 words)

	The President's Council on Bioethics: Staff Working Paper: Bioethics and Human Dignity
		A second problem with dignity in its classical sense is that it lends itself to invidious distinctions between one human being and another; it is not fully at home in democratic times, where it keeps uneasy company with the more characteristic democratic ideals of equality, freedom, easygoingness, and tolerance.
		And although the Biblical teachings on human dignity are rich and evocative, they have ambiguous implications for bioethics, pointing both toward godlike mastery of nature and toward humble acknowledgment of the sanctity of human life in all its forms.
		Yet Kant’s idea of human dignity carries certain theoretical baggage that limits its utility for bioethics, while the recently ratified constitutions and declarations tend to invoke dignity without clearly specifying either its ground or its content, suggesting that the concept itself might well be superfluous.
	www.bioethics.gov /background/human_dignity.html (4559 words)

	UNIVERSAL DECLARATION ON THE HUMAN GENOME AND HUMAN RIGHTS
		The human genome underlies the fundamental unity of all members of the human family, as well as the recognition of their inherent dignity and diversity.
		In a symbolic sense, it is the heritage of humanity.
		In order to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms, limitations to the principles of consent and confidentiality may only be prescribed by law, for compelling reasons within the bounds of public international law and the international law of human rights.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/Udhrhg.htm (1420 words)

	Handbook
		Human rights are “needed” not for life but for a life of dignityviolations of human rights deny one’s humanity; they do not necessarily keep one from satisfying one’s needs.
		Thus, “human rights are a social practice that aims to realize a particular vision of human dignity and potential by institutionalizing basic rights.” Under this view, rights are social guarantees (and in accordance with the social or moral component comes a legal element exists as well) toward the potentiality Donnelly envisions.
		Dignity inheres in them because they are destined to be free to reflect and to choose, and thus to be provident over the course of their own lives, responsible for their own actions.
	unix.dfn.org /HumanDignityandHumanRights.shtml (1530 words)

	THE QUESTION OF HUMAN DIGNITY - by Fr. Thomas Williams, L.C. - Catholic Dossier - July/August 2000
		Though Fortin describes human dignity as a “Kantian notion,” it was no invention of Kant’s and enjoys a venerable, albeit limited, place in perennial Christian anthropology.22 We find, for instance, that St. Thomas and St. Bonaventure both dealt with this question and in fact directly bound the idea of dignity to the idea of person.
		The key to a response lies in recognizing that dignity exists on different levels or in different degrees,26 and whereas moral probity undoubtedly merits particular esteem, the fundamental human dignity common to all men and that undergirds universal human rights rests on man’s similarity to God as a creature made in his image.
		Though the idea of human dignity forms part of the perennial teaching of Christianity, it received a decisive push from the teaching of the Council, and especially from the Pastoral Constitution of the Church in the Modern World.
	www.catholic.net /rcc/Periodicals/Dossier/2000-08/article3.html (4787 words)

	Activity 1: Human Beings/Human Rights
		All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
		Human rights belong to all people regardless of their sex, race, color, language, national origin, age, class, religion, or political beliefs.
		Emphasize that human beings communicate with words, not just sounds, and that they decide many things about their lives.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/edumat/hreduseries/hereandnow/Part-3/Activity1.htm (1298 words)

	REGIERUNGonline - Human dignity is my standard
		Merkel alluded to the DGB national conference theme, "human dignity is our standard", saying that Article 1 of the German constitution applies to everyone, regardless of race, color, or creed.
		Human dignity is also a key standard for the social market economy system.
		She said she knows she is asking a lot of people and that "budget cuts are painful" but we must not impose excessive burdens on the younger generation.
	www.bundesregierung.de /Content/EN/Artikel/2006/05/2006-05-24-human-dignity-is-my-standard,layoutVariant=Druckansicht.html (968 words)

	Human Dignity?
		Human dignity I define as an intrinsic worthiness in the fact that we are human.
		For example, if the Bible were true, our human dignity comes from us being made in the image of God, being loved by God, and being brothers and sisters of one another as in a family.
		Then, either he believes human dignity is proportional to one's humanly developed traits, or perhaps, he is trying to appease other humans by convincing them of that point.
	www.geocities.com /bkungfoo/dignity.html (760 words)

	Of SNPS, TRIPS, and Human Dignity: Ethics and Gene Patenting
		Dignity was just one of the ethical issues raised at the "Patenting Human Life" conference, sponsored by SCU's High Tech Law Institute and Markkula Center for Applied Ethics and the Bay Area Bioscience Center.
		While accepting the basic notion that humans "ought not to be used," she allowed that patenting DNA "doesn't necessarily imply commodification of human persons." The trick, McLean argued, is to distinguish between genetic identity and personal identity.
		In discussing the patent issue, we must be careful not to suggest that humans can be reduced to a piece of code, she continued, which would indeed be an assault on dignity.
	www.scu.edu /ethics/publications/submitted/schulman/genepatenting.html (2067 words)

	FT January 2003: Human Cloning and Human Dignity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Presumably a cloned human being also, as a sort of delayed—entry twin, would not be a perfect repeat, at least not all the way down to the tips of his fingers.
		The cloning of human beings would be the triumph of the Machiavellian project to conquer fortune and bring everything within the power of human choice and calculation.
		It shows how human dignity is bound up with the lottery of nature and how the ground of human dignity could be imperiled by the attempt to extend human control over the human essence.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0301/reviews/schaub.html (1864 words)

	“Human Dignity and Humanitarian Space”
		Human dignity should never be viewed as an expensive commodity, one that is least attainable in our hierarchy of needs.
		Closing this “moral lag” will require a common conviction that access to human dignity and respect is just as important as access to medicine, education and technology.
		You are defenders of human dignity, wherever it’s at risk.
	www.icrc.org /web/eng/siteeng0.nsf/html/5TXEBW (1007 words)

	The New Atlantis - A Journal of Technology and Society
		It is the equal god-like-ness of all human beings that lies behind the biblical view of the sanctity of human life.
		An early human embryo is what a human being looks like at that stage—though in fairness it has to be said that although all mature individuals begin naturally as embryos, not all embryos naturally become mature individuals: many are called, but few are chosen, that is the sad fact of the matter.
		It is better understood in terms of a tension between humaneness and humanity, between a concern for human frailty and an appeal to human dignity.
	www.thenewatlantis.com /archive/7/kass.htm (3492 words)

	HUMAN DIGNITY - Charter of Fundamental Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The principle of human dignity is thus retained and implemented, along with the provisions of the Convention, by the Strasbourg organs.
		The principle of human dignity authorises an exceptional application of Article 6 in the case in question: the illness was a satisfactory exception to the interpretation of a "reasonable time" for human dignity.
		Respect for human personality and dignity shall be guaranteed in criminal and in all other legal proceedings, as well as during the deprivation of liberty and enforcement of punitive sanctions.
	www.europarl.eu.int /comparl/libe/elsj/charter/art01/default_en.htm (6347 words)

	The Chronicle: 8/6/2004: Danger to Human Dignity: the Revival of Disgust and Shame in the Law
		They are linked to a general shrinking from the bodily nature of human life, and hence to various forms of prejudice, exclusion, and misogyny, as people project the discomfort they feel about mortality and decay onto vulnerable groups and individuals.
		In general, a society based on the idea of equal human dignity must find ways to inhibit stigma and the aggression that are so often linked to the proclamation that "we" are the ones who are "normal." Such a society is difficult to achieve, because incompleteness is frightening, and grandiose fictions are comforting.
		It may even be that a society in which people acknowledge their equal weakness and interdependence is unachievable because human beings cannot bear to live with the constant awareness of mortality and of their frail animal bodies.
	www.chronicle.com /free/v50/i48/48b00601.htm (3480 words)

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