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Topic: Human history

	History of the world - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The history of the world, in popular parlance, is human history, from the first appearance of Homo sapiens to the present.
		Humans also developed language sometime during the Paleolithic period, as well as a conceptual repertoire that included systematic burial of the dead, which suggests a development of foresight after being consistently exposed to rotting bodies after some previously misunderstood event of death.
		The same period raised prospects of an end to human history, precipitated by unmanaged global hazards: nuclear proliferation, the greenhouse effect and other forms of environmental degradation caused by the "fissile-fossil complex," international conflicts prompted by the dwindling of resources, fast-spreading epidemics such as HIV, and the passage of near-earth asteroids and comets.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_history (6574 words)

	Timeline of human evolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both chimpanzees and humans have a larynx that repositions during the first two years of life to a spot between the pharynx and the lungs, indicating that the common ancestors have this feature, a precursor of speech.
		The most recent common patrilineal ancestor of humans alive today is different from the one for humans who will be alive a thousand years in the future: as male lines die out, a more recent individual, the Y-mrca of a subtree of the preceding Y-Adam, becomes the new Y-Adam.
		Humans reach Tierra del Fuego at the tip of South America, the last continental region to be inhabited by humans (excluding Antarctica).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timeline_of_human_evolution (2810 words)

	DARWINIAN EVOLUTION AND HUMAN HISTORY
		Human nature was, for Marx, not an eternal essence but an ensemble of social relations — once again an historical product and an historical project — second nature, mutable.
		The relationship between organic nature and human nature is neither of one providing the basis for the other, nor is the way we look at nature merely the result of a confidence trick.
		History can be contemplated from two sides — it can be divided into the history of nature and the history of mankind.
	human-nature.com /rmyoung/papers/paper95h.html (3508 words)

	Human history
		Humans range widely over the Western Continent of Shan Deral, and may now be seen in almost every part of the Land, from Nord Island to The Lakes, from the Lok'Groton Isles to the shores of the Great Western Desert.
		The history of the Human race is one of perpetual, bitter conflict.
		The history of the Kingdom of Liranth (by Elenis Reyav)
	www.clanlord.com /history/humans (646 words)

	Owens and King, Genomic views of human history
		Human migrations: Every present-day population retains clues to its ancient roots, and common ancestries can be confirmed and human migrations traced by comparing DNA frequencies of present-day populations.
		Genetics, history, and race: Of importance is the fact that genetic differences of populations from different continents represent only approximately 10 percent of human genetic diversity: no major genetic discontinuities across populations have been observed.
		The possibility that human history has been characterized by relatively homogeneous genetic groups ("races"), distinguished by major biological differences, is not consistent with genetic evidence.
	cogweb.ucla.edu /Abstracts/Owens_King_99.html (581 words)

	Classics in the History of Psychology -- A. H. Maslow (1943) A Theory of Human Motivation
		What this means specifically is, that in the human being who is missing everything in life in an extreme fashion, it is most likely that the major motivation would be the physiological needs rather than any others.
		The urge to write poetry, the desire to acquire an automobile, the interest in American history, the desire for a new pair of shoes are, in the extreme case, forgotten or become of sec-[p.374]ondary importance.
		Another peculiar characteristic of the human organism when it is dominated by a certain need is that the whole philosophy of the future tends also to change.
	psychclassics.yorku.ca /Maslow/motivation.htm (9196 words)

	God-shaped Hole: Contemporary Relevance of the Spiritual: Ideas & Identities of India Pakistan
		It was the headiness of ‘success’ experienced by human beings to tame natural forces for industrial usage, on a scale relative to their agricultural past, that prompted champions of the new world to declare the demise of God — the most powerful conceptual force ever created by human beings.
		As responsible students of human life and its evolution, we cannot ignore the critical role religion has played in giving human beings one of the earliest impetuses to know themselves and the surrounding world, which in time matured and gave rise to universal frameworks of thought and action.
		Human beings, on the other hand, define their ecosystems through their mental inputs (invention) and physical labour (production) and their lives are governed by a cultural code encompassing production relations, class structures, social values, legal systems, political ideology and so forth.
	www.chowk.com /show_article.cgi?aid=00004364&channel=university (6799 words)

	Oral History - ORSC Human Subjects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		If the department or research unit has had a history of submitting any proposals to the IRB for review at any level, than it is strongly recommended that a DRC be formed.
		Oral History is defined by the Oral History Association as, “a method of gathering and preserving historical information through recorded interviews with participants about past events and ways of life.” Oral history is excluded from IRB review when the interviews are not designed to contribute to “generalizable knowledge,” as defined in 45 CFR 46.
		Oral history interviews typically provide unique perspectives to the event, and thus would not be considered to be information from which systematic generalizations could be made.
	utexas.edu /research/rsc/humanresearch/special_topics/oral_history.php (2502 words)

	EDGE 3rd Culture: Jared Diamond
		In particular many of the so-called hard scientists such as physicists or biologists, don't consider history to be a science.
		In his new theories of human development, he brings together history and biology in presenting a global account of the rise of civilization.
		Until there's a convincing answer why history really took the course that it did, people are going to fall back on the racist explanation.
	www.edge.org /3rd_culture/diamond/diamond_p1.html (378 words)

	History of Human Evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Its build (ratio of weight to height) was about the same as the modern human but its head and face were proportionately much larger.
		Though proportioned the same, he was sturdier in build and much stronger than the modern human.
		The skeleton shows a stronger build than modern human but was well proportioned.
	www.human-evolution.org /historyfossil.php (1159 words)

	Robin Dunbar reviews Mapping Human History: Discovering the Past Through our Genes by Steve Olson
		Although there is quite a lot about migrations and origins (the origins of modern humans, the genetic history of the Jews, the genetics of western China, the spread of the Indo-Europeans, language phylogenies, the genetic structure of the modern French), the main focus of the book seemed to be elsewhere.
		The account of the peopling of the Americas (which in any case relied heavily on a combination of Greenberg’s - still disputed - linguistic analyses and the archaeology) and the genetics of the French, for example, were used mainly as a stick to beat racists over the head.
		The mass movements of history and late prehistory notwithstanding, there are pockets of quite extraordinary genetic difference.
	www.human-nature.com /nibbs/02/olson.html (869 words)

	NONZERO
		The more closely we examine the drift of biological evolution and, especially, the drift of human history, the more there seems to be a point to it all.
		And the invitation is especially strong, I'll argue, in light of the phase of human history that seems to lie immediately ahead—a social, political, and even moral culmination of sorts.
		The survey of organic history is brief, and the survey of human history not so brief.
	www.nonzero.org /intro.htm (2566 words)

	History of the Human Genome Project
		The Human Genome Project (HGP) refers to the international 13-year effort, formally begun in October 1990 and completed in 2003, to discover all the estimated 20,000-25,000 human genes and make them accessible for further biological study.
		History of the DOE Human Genome Program from the U.S. DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Biological and Environmental Research Program.
		The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) is an international organization of scientists involved in the world-wide Human Genome Project.
	www.ornl.gov /sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/hgp.shtml (591 words)

	Press Release for Mapping Human History published by Houghton Mifflin Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		And because groups of modern humans have continued to mix throughout history, human populations have always remained genetically connected.
		The question is whether modern humans interbred with the Neandertals, in which case DNA sequences that were once in Neandertals would still be in human populations today.
		Some human groups clearly differ in some physical characteristics — some are taller than others, for example, and this might produce an advantage in particular sports.
	www.houghtonmifflinbooks.com /booksellers/press_release/olson (3342 words)

	Science and Human Values - Aristotle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		For proof, one of the arguments refers to the case of living beings, to human consciousness and animal behavior in particular.
		As in human operations, so in natural processes; and as in processes, so in human operations (unless someting interferes).
		Human operations are for an end, hence natural processes are so too.".
	www.rit.edu /~flwstv/aristotle1.html (5951 words)

	Amazon.ca: The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Globalization Era: Books: Ishay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		From a legal viewpoint, human rights are comparatively recent history, but their essence--that a person possesses inviolable qualities by virtue of being a person--is as old as Adam and Eve.
		Ishay presents a spectrum of writers on human rights whom she links through time on themes such as the friction between individual and group rights, or the rights of man versus the prerogatives of the state, as the problem was put in the Enlightenment.
		The only comprehensive history of human rights available, the book will be essential reading for anyone concerned with humankind's quest for justice and dignity.
	www.amazon.ca /History-Human-Rights-Ancient-Globalization/dp/0520234979 (589 words)

	Living Options in Protestant Theology
		It constitutes itself as a community by its openness to the meaning of this history, and its present teaching is always subject to renewal and correction in terms of each fresh apprehension of that history.
		On the contrary, the capacity to objectify oneself is of the utmost significance for the human self.
		Many philosophies affirm human freedom in some sense, but Niebuhr’s analysis shows that their understanding of freedom is less radical than that of the Bible and is inadequate to account for the realities of history.
	www.religion-online.org /showchapter.asp?title=806&C=1099 (12207 words)

	Collections - Human History
		Humanities collections are assembled and cared for by curators, conservators and collections managers in secure, ‘state-of-the-art’ laboratories and storage facilities.
		These collections include some 62,000 artifacts that document the history of newcomers to Manitoba and from the beginnings of exploration and settlement to the present.
		Many items are directly associated with the long corporate history of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1670 to the present.
	www.manitobamuseum.ca /mu_human_hist.html (696 words)

	True History
		Jesus Christ, the Second Person of the Most Holy Trinity, became Man and entered human history "in the fullness of time." The Incarnation is the central point of our faith and it is the center point of all history.
		And it is for this reason that we began RC History, to provide a place for Catholic home educators to find reliable, truthful resources which bring the study of history to life and to deepen the understanding of our Christian heritage.
		The whole of human history in fact stands in reference to him: our own time and the future of the world are illumined by His presence.
	www.rchistory.com /true_history.htm (466 words)

	Human Cloning, History
		A bill was brought before the US Senate which would criminalize human cloning at the federal level.
		The goal of their research is not to clone humans, but to clone specific, genetically identical organs for human transplant.
		This is the main gene that causes the human immunne system to reject transplants because it recognizes it as foreign.
	www.stedwards.edu /newc/capstone/sp2000/biotechnology/history.htm (1068 words)

	Toward a Kierkegaardian Understanding of Hitler, Stalin, and the Cold War
		In the language of The Concept of Anxiety, she only sees the "quantitative determinations" of sinfulness in human history, without seeing the "qualitative leap into sin," which is human evasion of God in the present moment in time.
		Her thought is analogous to the Marxist mythology which identifies evil with the bourgeoisie, the past, and identifies good with the proletariat, the future; Miller identifies evil with the parents and good with the children.
		The central point of the preceding criticisms is that it is not possible to understand human violence without acknowledging that human beings are addressed by the Word of God, and live their lives in reaction to this Word.
	www.religion-online.org /showarticle.asp?title=1776 (5311 words)

	Human History
		The history of the White River Badlands as a significant paleontological resource goes back to the traditional Native American knowledge of the area.
		There is a more recent role this remote, sparsely populated area has played in U.S. history: World War II and the Badlands gunnery range.
		Land was bought to leased form individual landowners and the Tribe in order to clear the area of human occupation.
	www.nps.gov /badl/exp/humans.htm (1700 words)

	Darwinian Evolution and Human History
		In it I tried to work through the relationship between ideas of nature and human nature, on the one hand, and left-wing Marxist ideas about nature and knowledge, on the other.
		I also did a course unit, 'The Naturalisation of Value Systems in the Human Sciences' and a film, 'Skull'.
		The talk was broadcast on BBC Radio Three in association with the course, 'Science and Belief: Darwin to Einstein', 1980.
	www.human-nature.com /rmyoung/papers/paper95.html (192 words)

	Volcanoes in Human History: The Far-Reaching Effects of Major Eruptions. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This book is written in a clear and engaging style that conveys a scientific understanding of vulcanoloy and the consequences, both positive and negative, of volcanic activity on human life and society.lt;pgt;The authors incorporate a discussion of the physical processes that drive volcanic activity with vivid descriptions of historic eruptions.
		Volcanoes in Human History: The Far-Reaching Effects of Major Eruptions written by Jelle Zeilinga de Boer and Donald Theodore Sanders is an engaging book about the awesome power of volcanoes its effects and how volcanoes are born.
		Then the book goes over the human terms following the aftereffects of volcanic eruption.lt;pgt;Volcanism is the surface manifestation of a living earth, the author likens a volcanic eruption as the plucking of a long tight-stretched string representing time: when the string is plucked it vibrates.
	www.historyamericas.com /Volcanoes_in_Human_History_The_FarReaching_Effects_of_Major_Eruptions_0691050813.html (934 words)

	SAGE Publications - History of the Human Sciences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		History of Human Sciences provides an important forum for contemporary social science research that examines its own historical origins and interdisciplinary influences in an effort to review current practice.
		Disciplines across the social sciences and beyond are reflecting on their own histories in an effort to review this current practice.
		History of the Human Sciences aims to expand our understanding of the human world through a broad interdisciplinary approach.
	www.sagepub.co.uk /journal.aspx?pid=105577 (314 words)

	genome.gov \| Education Kit (Homepage)
		The Human Genome Project (HGP) began in 1990 as an effort by researchers from around the world to map and sequence the human genome - the totality of human DNA - as well as the genomes of important experimental organisms, like yeast, the nematode worm, and mouse.
		In 2000, the collaborators in the HGP announced the completion of a draft revealing 90% of the human sequence and in February 2001, the initial analysis of the human genome sequence was published in the scientific literature.
		Genes, Variation, and Human History: Two interactive classroom activities, Genetic Variation in Populations and Using Genes to Trace Human History allow students to study the similarities and differences among individuals and among populations.
	www.genome.gov /Pages/EducationKit (562 words)

	Important Events in Human History
		This is History, history understood as a single, coherent, evolutionary process, when taking into account the experience of all peoples in all times.
		Human settlement in the Near East confined to the Levant (the easternmost Mediterranean shoreline) and to the Zagros Mountains of Iran and Iraq and their western foothills.
		In this philosophy, the human body is understood to exist in a balance of the four hippocratic humors: blood, phlegm, fl bile, and yellow bile.
	www.cds.caltech.edu /~shane/text/humanhistory.html (7539 words)

	06/28/02 - Mapping Human History
		Using ever improving molecular techniques, population geneticists study the history of extended families that are inbred to some degree.
		Coon argued that the fundamental division of humanity ran north-south along the great mountain ranges of Central Asia, with whites and fls on the west and oriental peoples on the east.
		Although animal and plant biodiversity is routinely celebrated as a supreme good, the conclusions of books on human biodiversity tend to treat it as a temporary evil that will soon be gone, and good riddance to it.
	www.vdare.com /sailer/human_history.htm (1454 words)

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