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Topic: Human nose

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	C3B Electronic Nose Information
		An electronic nose is a device used to analyze the content of air through the classification of odors.
		Although the electronic noses in use today are far from replacing the human olfactory system, the possible uses for this technology are endless.
		In addition, electronic noses could be taken places the human nose could not, for example into areas of extreme temperatures, inside the body, inside oil rigs or gasoline tanks, sewer systems, hog farms, or even onto another planet.
	www.clemson.edu /c3b/noseAbout.html (630 words)

	ScienceDaily: Electronic Nose Inspects Cheese, Hints At Human Sense Of Smell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Beating Pneumonia By A Nose: Electronic Nose Detects Pneumonia In Critically Ill Patients (November 6, 2002) -- According to a team of researchers from University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, an electronic nose - a relatively new version of a sensor previously used in the food, wine and perfume...
		Human physiology -- Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of normal humans or human tissues or organs.
		Human Osteology, Second Edition is designed for students and professionals who wish to advance their osteological skills in terms of accurately identifying human skeletal remains, however isolated...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1998/10/981001080211.htm (2014 words)

	Advanced Environmental Monitoring and Control Program
		The Electronic Nose is modeled on the human nose in much the same way that the video camera is modeled on the human eye.
		JPL's Electronic Nose uses an array of 32 films (two each of 16 different polymers) to simulate the human nose's sensor cells.
		Various electronic noses have been used by industry for a number of years, but the one being developed at JPL is smaller, lighter, and less power-hungry than any of its predecessors.
	aemc.jpl.nasa.gov /activities/enose.cfm (1138 words)

	template
		The ability to monitor the constituents of the breathing air in a closed chamber in which air is recycled is important to NASA for use in closed environments such as the space shuttle and the space station.
		An electronic nose is an array of non-specific chemical sensors, controlled and analyzed electronically, which mimics the action of the mammalian nose by recognizing patterns of response to vapors.
		With an electronic nose, a baseline of clean air is established, and deviations from that baseline are recorded as changes in resistance of the sensors.
	enose.jpl.nasa.gov /FAQ.htm (428 words)

	Sniffing Out Social and Sexual Signals
		Many other mammals use a separate set of sensory receptor cells in their nose to receive social and sexual information from members of their own species, and there is growing suspicion that we do, too.
		The VNOs are located just behind the nostrils, in the nose's dividing wall (they take their name from the vomer bone, where the nasal septum meets the hard palate).
		If the accessory olfactory system functions in humans as it does in rodents, bypassing the cerebral cortex, there is likely to be no conscious awareness of it at all.
	www.hhmi.org /senses/d210.html (506 words)

	Electrochemistry Encyclopedia --- Electrochemical nose
		An "electronic or artificial nose" is an instrument, which comprises a sampling system, an array of chemical gas sensors with differing selectivity, and a computer with an appropriate pattern-classification algorithm, capable of qualitative and/or quantitative analysis of simple or complex gases, vapors, or odors.
		It is interesting to note that biological noses are all electrochemical noses in the sense that they use nerve voltage pulses or potentiometry, and ion currents or amperometry, to transmit signals in the body.
		The human perceptions may be due to an entirely different chemical presence in the samples than the chemicals that are detected by the sensors in a sensor array.
	electrochem.cwru.edu /ed/encycl/art-n01-nose.htm (5132 words)

	Artificial Noses ... and Taste
		Electronic noses sniff out new markets -- Initially developed as laboratory instruments, electronic noses that mimic the human sense of smell are moving into food, beverage, medical, and environmental applications.
		Human noses are still about a million times more sensitive to scents than the 4-inch-long Rat, and dog snouts can beat it by a factor of around 100 million.
		Similarly, the Tufts artificial nose has 16 fluorescent sensor strips, each sensitive to a different range of molecules, and a computer that interprets their response pattern to determine whether or not they have sniffed a mine.
	www.aaai.org /AITopics/html/nose.html (2720 words)

	Highly Concentrated Human Sex Pheromones available in the world today! Human pheromones, pheromone cologne, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		What scientists the human nose have included, species the human nose if we have been chemically elucidated, including the human nose when the human.
		pheromones A year and can imagine having women the human nose during their pheromone or all insects, the human nose whose biological function is e, the human nose 8, 10 dodecadien 1 ol.
		How are chemicals that humans scientists need to the human nose pheromones involved have been successful in combination of insect pests.
	phero.wspace-service.de /the-human-nose.html (510 words)

	Human 3D Diagram of the human nose
		The upper air passages refer to the respiratory organs in the head of the human being.
		During breathing in, the air enters initially through the nose, where it is pre-cleaned by a hair filter.
		Through the nose, the air comes to the throat, which consists of various sections, with the esophagus and windpipe crossing in the medial throat (mesopharynx).
	www.contmediausa.com /shop/app/products/Human3D/human3dhumannose.html (414 words)

	Scientists find that the human nose is more complicated than a jumbo jet
		They have even found that the airflow through the human nose is more complicated than that over a jumbo jet's wing.
		The fluid dynamics of the nose is one of the most complex in the body, even more so than the flow of blood through the heart, with anatomical structures that cause eddies, whirls and recirculation.
		The scientists constructed their model nose from existing CT scan datasets of anonymous patients found to be nasally healthy.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-01/babs-sft122404.php (647 words)

	Nose grease - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nose grease (also nose oil) is grease removed from the surface of the human nose.
		The antireflective properties are due in part to the fact that the nose oil fills small cracks and scratches and forms a smooth, polished surface, and in part to the low index of refraction of the oil, which can reduce surface reflection from transmissive optics that have a high index of refraction.
		Nose grease has mild antifoaming properties and can be used to break down a high head on freshly poured beer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nose_grease (307 words)

	Bigmacbear's Den -- The Human Nose As a Musical Instrument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Some people were taught as children that when blowing your nose, you only do one side at a time, completely closing one nostril with your finger.
		If I'm simply blowing my nose, the usual pitch tends to be between D and E on the bass staff.
		It should probably go without saying that if you have a reason to be blowing your nose other than making music, such as allergies, a cold, or a sinus condition, the material to be expelled will alter the pitch.
	www.bigmacbear.com /nose.html (199 words)

	Only the Nose Really Knows
		While it is always a human trainer who takes the lead role in obedience training and protection training, in all scent work we have to allow the dog to take the lead.
		We are teaching the dog to use his nose with a purpose and in a deliberate manner.
		He should use his nose to guide himself forward, and right at the point where he says "this is not the same, but it is close", he should be reinforced for his efforts by finding perfectly placed food right there.
	www.blackangeldogs.com /noseknows.html (5641 words)

	Only the nose knows? Not for long - Odor and Nutrient Management Newsletter
		The electronic nose has the potential to be a "quality control device," said Earl Hammond, ISU professor in food science and human nutrition.
		The trick to making an electronic nose represent a human nose is finding the correct combination of gases and relative concentrations.
		As of now, however, olfactometry, and the use of human noses, is the best method available to determine odor concentrations.
	www.extension.iastate.edu /pages/communications/epc/Su98/noseknows.html (814 words)

	Food Product Design: The Electronic Nose
		The "Electronic Nose," as it is often called, excites sensory panelists because it works more like the human nose than the analytical chemists' esoteric instruments, yet it is high-tech and objective enough to make even the most stodgy analytical food chemist smile.
		The Electronic Nose could very well prove to be another tool that complements the analytical instrument analysis and sensory testing that food scientists have traditionally used for studying the flavor and aroma of foods.
		The human nose has approximately 10,000 odor sensors which are nonspecific but can be very sensitive to certain odors.
	www.foodproductdesign.com /archive/1995/0695QA.html (3416 words)

	Electronic Nose and Olfactometry Article in R&D Magazine
		Begun in the early part of this century to test perfume, human sensory panels are still frequently employed by companies to test consumer responses to odors generated by clothing, automobiles, and other goods.
		The term "electronic nose" is a bit of a misnomer and has found varied acceptance within the field.
		Human olfactory panels are now augmented by a number of procedures and technologies that provide quantification and qualification of their results.
	www.fivesenses.com /rdmag.htm (1884 words)

	Human nose turns out to be absolutely useless organ which only causes trouble - Pravda.Ru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Human nose turns out to be absolutely useless organ which only causes trouble
		The nose is usually referred to as an organ of olfaction which also acts as an air passage that warms, moistens, and filters the air on its way to the lungs though animals' nostrils do the same job.
		The second signal system that is characteristic of humans only plays an enormous role in the functioning of the brain.
	english.pravda.ru /science/health/20-03-2006/77502-nose-0 (621 words)

	Electronic Nose
		Like a human nose, the ENose is amazingly versatile, yet it's much more sensitive.
		The noses could simply be posted, like smoke detectors, at various points around the habitat.
		One of the advantages of an electronic nose is that we can design sensors to detect particular compounds -- with a dog, it has whatever it has.
	science.nasa.gov /headlines/y2004/06oct_enose.htm (1169 words)

	logos: Microelectronic nose detects and recognizes gases to save lives
		Also known as a microelectronic nose, the sensor is smaller than a dime and detects tiny quantities of airborne chemicals in real time.
		Electronic noses have duplicated this even though a specific chemical marker may not be identifiable within a complex odor.
		For example, evacuating intensive-care patients from hospitals is costly in both financial and human terms; but evacuation would be unnecessary if administrators could determine that the fire source was something as manageable as toast burning in the cafeteria.
	www.anl.gov /Media_Center/logos20-3/smartsensor01.htm (1219 words)

	Nose-picking in the Pongidae
		We are interested in nose picking variations (I shall refer to both nose-picking and detritus-eating by the collective term "nose-picking") among extant pongids with particular respect to variability in environmental resources.
		She came to believe that it was therapeutic for the animals to pick their noses, and that certain animals offered their noses up for social picking much as a psychiatrist might offer to absorb the pain and confusion of a sick patient.
		Harlan, S.M.D. "The archeological context of the nose and mouth throughout the Chinese Paleolithic.
	www.calflora.net /primatenooz/nosepicking.html (3911 words)

	human evolution \| Anthropology.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Specifically, their strategy was to detect any increase in the nucleotide changes on the human lineage and then distinguish if these changes came about because of positive or negative selection by beginning on genome wide scale.
		The ultimate goal of this paper was to identify and validate HARs in the human genome, and to narrow the study on the properties and evolutionary histories to understand the mechanisms by which originally conserved regions became dramatically changed at the point of human-chimp divergence.
		Within modern humans, a group of closely related haplotypes at this locus, known as haplogroup D, rose from a single copy 37,000 years ago and swept to exceptionally high frequency (70% worldwide today) because of positive selection.
	anthropology.net /tags/human_evolution (3837 words)

	Dog Owner's Guide: The nose knows
		The canine nose is an awesome organ, perhaps a million times more sensitive than the human nose.
		The inside of the nose is easily damaged and the object may be too far back to be easily plucked with tweezers.
		A dog that finds his toy, a treat, or his owner by using his nose is a dog that looks forward to interaction with his family and is less likely to be destructive when left alone.
	www.canismajor.com /dog/nose.html (1570 words)

	PBS - Scientific American Frontiers:Pet Tech: What the Dog Nose Knows
		In "The Dog Nose Knows," Alan meets John Kauer and Joel White, both neuroscientists at Tufts University in Massachusetts.
		The "nose" uses chemical sensors to identify the DNT in this concrete block.
		In a test run with Alan, the virtual nose easily detects the difference between plain air, non-explosive DNT and methanol.
	www.pbs.org /saf/1201/segments/1201-1.htm (302 words)

	The tiny magnetite compass in the human nose \| Anthropology.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The tiny magnetite compass in the human nose
		The tiny magnetite compass in the human nose
		In the case, when it comes to humans, magnetite makes the ethmoid bone sensitive to the earth's magnetic field and helps one's sense of direction.
	anthropology.net /user/kambiz_kamrani/blog/2006/11/21/the_tiny_magnetite_compass_in_the_human_nose (429 words)

	Electronic Nose Sniffs Bad Seafood : Arctic Science Journeys Radio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Perhaps the best-known electronic nose is the Breathalyzer, a device used by police to determine if someone has drunk too much alcohol.
		Oliveira says the electronic noses she's testing work in a similar fashion; they detect volatiles, or gases, given off by decomposing fish long before the spoilage would be apparent to our merely mortal human nose.
		While the Cyranose is able to detect the gases associated with spoilage, a second type of electronic nose, called a zNose, is able to also determine the exact cause of the spoilage.
	www.znose.com /press_releases/articles/ASJR_Article/ASJR_Article.htm (880 words)

	The Space Place :: E-Nose Smell-a-thon
		A super-human, even super-dog, nose could alert the crew as soon as the tiniest amount of the wrong stuff was loose in the cabin air.
		For sniffing spices and herbs, this method of sniffing is OK. But if you are not sure what's in the container, smell it the "scientific way:" Hold the open container about six inches away from your face, and with your free hand fan the air over the container toward you.
		Even the best-trained human nose is still nowhere as sensitive as most dog noses.
	spaceplace.jpl.nasa.gov /en/kids/enose_do1.shtml (835 words)

	nose
		the human nose regarded as a symbol of meddling or prying:
		He had always looked down his nose at those who were poorer than he.
		to perceive by or as by the nose or the sense of smell:
	www.infoplease.com /dictionary/nose (362 words)

	Nose - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Human noses can take many different shapes; every individual has in fact a uniquely shaped nose.
		Class III: The African, or Wide-nostrilled nose, wide at the end, thick and broad, gradually widening from below the bridge.
		^ "The star - who is almost as famous for the size of his nose as his hit songs - injured himself as he got up in the middle of the night while at his Californian home.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nose (924 words)

	TSL-Electric Nose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		An electronic nose (E-Nose) is a device that uses the pattern of response across an array of gas sensors to identify an odor.
		The purpose of the E-Nose is to mimic the operation of the human nose.
		Current commercial models are sensitive only in the ppb or ppm range while the human nose has exquisite sensitivity in the ppt range.
	www.duke.edu /web/tasteandsmell/electric_nose.htm (251 words)

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