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Topic: Human population

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	Population - Biodiversity Linkage
		Even in local case studies where researchers found the growth of nearby human populations to be the most apparent locus of biodiversity loss, these same authors consistently indicated that, on close analysis, a complex mix of interacting conditions and failed remedies were involved (Dompka 1996, Goriup 1998, Brechin et al 1994).
		There is clear evidence connecting human population growth to many of the direct causes of biodiversity loss, including habitat loss and fragmentation, biological invasion, pollution, over-harvesting, and human-induced climate change.
		And we humans ourselves—simultaneously the threat to, and the caretaker of, earthly life—will be among the greatest beneficiaries.
	www.ucsusa.org /ssi/biodiversity/population-biodiversity-linkage.html (3525 words)

	Human Population Growth and Environmental Carrying Capacity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Pulliam and Haddad (1994) concluded that the study of human populations remained at the periphery of the ecological research agenda due to concerns that findings would be controversial and less likely to be accepted in the ecological community.
		Population is the total number of people, consumption is the amount of resources each person consumes, and technology is how these resources are used and how much waste is produced for each unit of consumption.
		In view of the dynamic relationships between size of the human population and the state of the environment, it is currently not feasible to estimate the Earth's carrying capacity for people as an absolute.
	www.in-iwla.org /waltonian/fall2001-5.htm (3257 words)

	Human population and ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Human population size is one of the most problematic environmental issues.
		The human population at the time Malthus wrote was about one billion people; today we have passed the six billion mark.
		That is, population is tightly interconnected with both natural and social processes, and so human carrying capacity varies according to culture and economic development.
	www.gocatgo.com /texts/population.html (1380 words)

	Human Population Impacts on Biodiversity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		War, famine and disease have been minor checks on the growth of human population and indeed are usually indications of areas of overpopulation.
		Erhlich’s theory is that either humans must voluntary control their numbers or nature will definitely control them (through mechanisms that are very unpleasant for humans).
		The exponential growth of the human population, making humans the dominant species on the planet, is having a grave impact on biodiversity.
	www.wms.org /biod/population/human_pop1.html (895 words)

	Human Overpopulation -- Ehrlich and Daily
		An optimum population size should be small enough to guarantee the minimal physical ingredients of a decent life to everyone (e.g., Ehrlich et al., 1993), even in the face of an inequitable distribution of wealth and resources and the uncertainty regarding rates of longterm, sustainable resource extraction and environmental impacts.
		For example, the population of the United States should be small enough to permit the availability of large tracts of wilderness for hikers and hermits, yet large enough to create vibrant cities that can support complex artistic, educational, and other cultural endeavors that lift the human spirit.
		Suppose population growth halted at 14 billion and everyone were satisfied with a per-capita energy use of 7.5 kilowatts (kW), the average in rich nations and about two thirds of that in the United States in the early 1990s.
	www.dieoff.org /page99.htm (2657 words)

	Human Overpopulation -- Ehrlich and Daily
		An optimum population size should be small enough to guarantee the minimal physical ingredients of a decent life to everyone (e.g., Ehrlich et al., 1993), even in the face of an inequitable distribution of wealth and resources and the uncertainty regarding rates of longterm, sustainable resource extraction and environmental impacts.
		Suppose population growth halted at 14 billion and everyone were satisfied with a per-capita energy use of 7.5 kilowatts (kW), the average in rich nations and about two thirds of that in the United States in the early 1990s.
		Ehrlich, P.R., and Ehrlich, A.H. The population explosion.
	dieoff.org /page99.htm (2657 words)

	Human Population Growth
		This situation, resulting in a rapid rate of population growth, is characteristic of many of the poorer regions of the world.
		The spike in deaths in the interval between 1901 and 1926 was caused by the worldwide influenza pandemic of 1918–1919.
		So if a population has a large number of young people just entering their reproductive years, the rate of growth of that population is sure to rise.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Populations.html (1778 words)

	World population - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Map of countries by population —showing the population of the People's Republic of China and India, the only two countries to have a population greater than a billion.
		The world population is the total number of humans alive on the planet Earth at a given time.
		Population density map of the world in 1994; Observe the very high concentration along the Ganges, Yangtze and Yellow river basins, Western Europe, the Indonesian island of Java, and the United States' BosWash megalopolis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_population (596 words)

	Human Population and its Limits (18-Dec-2006) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Population may eventually approach this limit, thus necessitating actions by sovereign countries or other entities to limit their population.
		As long as we imagine humans retaining their present physical form, one obvious limit can be computed by dividing the cosmologists' estimated mass of the universe by the mass of a human.
		Therefore, the burden the population complainers put on the next generation by not having children is much larger than the burden imposed by my children's use of resources.
	www-formal.stanford.edu /jmc/progress/population.html (2268 words)

	Human Populations Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Population studies are an important aspect of the study of ecology.
		It is important to remember that a population is a collection of individuals of the same species.
		Populations have their own distinct characteristics apart from any one individual of the population.
	www.woodrow.org /teachers/bi/1991/human_population.html (756 words)

	Human Population, Cramer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The population of Upper Cache is largely rural and has many elderly retired persons and many tourists (with a large seasonally-vacant housing stock); it is overwhelmingly of European origin, with relatively low levels of education and income (but not exceptional poverty).
		The population of Upper Putah also is largely rural, but it is heavily engaged in agriculture and has large minorities of foreign-born persons and persons of Hispanic origin; despite low levels of education, the population has only modest levels of poverty.
		The population of Lower Cache is predominantly urban and has an important concentration in light manufacturing; there is a large minority of persons of Hispanic origin (but native-born), and, as in Upper Putah, despite low levels of education there is only a modest level of poverty.
	bioregion.ucdavis.edu /book/00_Entering/00_05_demography.html (2359 words)

	The Human Population Bomb
		If we observe that the propagation of the global human population is like the wave, and the reproduction numbers of individuals or certain locales are like the molecules, it may be inaccurate for the latter to be looked at as if it tells us something meaningful about the former.
		To have suggested, as many scientists have done, that understanding the dynamics of human population does not matter, that the human population problem is not about numbers, or that human population dynamics have so dizzying an array of variables as not to be suitable for scientific investigation, in a way seems not quite right.
		Although the human population "explosion" appears to be a huge problem, we can take the measure of it and find a remedy that is consonant with universally shared human values.
	www.fragilecologies.com /mar22_05.html (685 words)

	Human Population and Global Warming
		The relationships among humans, their activities and global temperature can be assessed by making the appropriate measurements and analyzing the data in a way that shows the connections and their magnitudes.
		Human population can be closely estimated and the consequences of their activities can be measured.
		Population and Global Warming (CO2 concentration and mean global temperature verses log-population) CO2 concentration (circles) and mean global temperature (squares) plotted relative to their absolute scales, ppm on the left and oC on the right, respectively.
	members.aol.com /trajcom/private/popco2.htm (2521 words)

	Graphing the Human Population (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		As with any population, humans are also limited by factors such as space, amount of food and disease.
		Zero population growth means that as many people are being born as there are dying - to achieve zero population growth, each couple would need to have no more than two children (to replace the parents).
		Even if this number is achieved, the population will continue to grow because the parents will still live on for decades, as their children have children and their children have children..and so forth.
	www.biologycorner.com /worksheets/humanpop_graph.html (470 words)

	Human Population Impacts on Biodiversity
		War, famine and disease have been minor checks on the growth of human population and indeed are usually indications of areas of overpopulation.
		Erhlich’s theory is that either humans must voluntary control their numbers or nature will definitely control them (through mechanisms that are very unpleasant for humans).
		The exponential growth of the human population, making humans the dominant species on the planet, is having a grave impact on biodiversity.
	ecology.org /biod/population/human_pop1.html (895 words)

	Human Populations
		Present estimates are for the population to reach 8-12 billion before the end of the 21st century.
		According to a report from the United Nations Population Fund, based on 1998 analyses (see The State of World Population 1999), projections for the future global population are being revised downward.
		Human population exhibits an J-shaped growth curve, and is accelerating.
	www.globalchange.umich.edu /globalchange2/current/lectures/human_pop/human_pop.html (2922 words)

	The Human Footprint
		The human footprint is a global driver of conservation crises on the planet.
		But the most important part of the solution is for human beings, as individuals, institutions and governments, to choose to moderate their influence in return for a healthier relationship with the natural world.
		Note: The human footprint and the last of the wild datasets should not be used for local or regional conservation planning without consultation with local expertise.
	wcs.org /humanfootprint (502 words)

	BIO 317 - Lecture Notes 3
		And as population steadily increases, the gap between rich and poor is widening.
		The overall rate of population increase depends on the number of births and deaths, but also on the length of generations -- the age at which women have their first baby.
		When a substantial proportion of a country's population is young, high population growth rates in a country are to be expected, even if the average TFR is modest.
	people.eku.edu /ritchisong/317notes3.html (2323 words)

	Human Population and Water, Fisheries, and Coastal Areas: Science and Policy Issues
		The direct and indirect human costs of this are enormous and include extensive health problems, high labor costs, particularly for women (primarily) forced to travel long distances each day to haul water to meet even the most minimal needs, and severe limits on the extent and form of economic development.
		Population rarely, if ever, acts alone to produce water scarcity and looking at it in isolation shifts attention from policies that may be equally or more effective.
		Population, human welfare, water availability, and use must be considered to be dimensions of the same complex problem.
	www.aaas.org /international/ehn/fisheries/gleick.htm (3787 words)

	PAI: Resources: FactSheets: Why Population Matters to Natural Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		With 4.6 percent of the world 's population, the United States contributed close to 24 percent of all emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement manufacture, by far the largest CO contributor among nations.
		The population in these biodiversity hotspots is growing at a collective rate of 1.8 percent annually, compared to the world's population 's annual growth rate of 1.3 percent.
		Population is a critical variable influencing the availability of each of the natural resources considered here.
	www.populationaction.org /resources/factsheets/factsheet_13.htm (1156 words)

	CURRENT HUMAN POPULATION
		If you want to use the study guide covering the current status of human population growth, or to obtain additional references on this topic, click on study guide.
		While you will be given quite a few numbers (data on human populations), the point is not to memorize these numbers, but to master a few concepts and generalizations about regions of the world.
		Population growth in the U.S. Influence of immigration
	oregonstate.edu /~muirp/current.htm (345 words)

	HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH
		The burgeoning population of this area is contributing to its desertification by clearing forest for agriculture as well as for firewood.
		Population growth is a result of the difference between death rate and birth rate (ignoring immigration and emigration for now), so the decreased death rate leads to a high growth rate.
		In many developing countries, the populations will probably stabilize not because of a decrease in the birth rate, but a return to higher death rates, and this will reflect mainly an increase in the number of children dying from starvation-related causes.
	darwin.bio.uci.edu /~sustain/bio65/lec24/b65lec24.htm (4115 words)

	Human Genetics - Population Genetics
		Population genetics is also the most widely misused area of human genetics, sometimes bordering on "vigilante genetics," a term coined by Newton Morton.
		Population genetics is concerned with gene and genotype frequencies, the factors that tend to keep them constant, and the factors that tend to change them in populations.
		Gene frequencies for nonfunctional alleles tend to increase in the population because of recurrent mutation.
	www.uic.edu /classes/bms/bms655/lesson13.html (3937 words)

	Top Scientist Advocates Mass Culling 90% Of Human Population
		Standing in front of a slide of human skulls, Pianka gleefully advocated airborne ebola as his preferred method of exterminating the necessary 90% of humans, choosing it over AIDS because of its faster kill period.
		Populations in developed countries are declining and only in third world countries is it expanding dramatically.
		To discuss killing 90% of the world's population via a horrific plague is sick enough within itself but you would at least expect its advocates to be serious and sober in their approach to the subject.
	www.prisonplanet.com /articles/april2006/030406massculling.htm (1474 words)

	Human Population & Natural Resource Management
		The sustainability of humanity depends in large measure on our ability to bring mankind into a lasting equilibrium with Nature.
		However, while the rate of human population growth is declining, the absolute number of people on Earth continues to increase.
		Human Population & Natural Resource Management explores human population and demography topics, as well as societal issues involving natural resource management.
	www.csa.com /factsheets/humanpop-set-c.php (268 words)

	Network for Good :: Global Population
		And every day that increasing population brings with it new challenges to ensure every human born on the planet is well-fed, has access to clean water, and can live a peaceful, prosperous life.
		Global population growth is a global challenge, affecting us here even in the United States as we feel the repercussions of explosive growth in poor countries around the world.
		It took thousands of years for the human population to reach 2.5 billion in 1950, and less than 50 years to more than double to 6 billion.
	www.networkforgood.org /topics/humanserv/population (305 words)

	AMNH - Expedition : Endangered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		One school of thought argues that human population size is the threat to biodiversity, and that unless something is done to control human numbers, piecemeal efforts to control habitat destruction and other causes of endangerment are doomed to fail.
		The graph of human population increase is certainly troubling, but it should also be recognized that population control mechanisms are not a complete answer.
		The unavoidable conclusion is that wealthy countries (which are also the greatest consumers of natural resources) must be willing to share in the burden of providing a future for endangered species.
	www.amnh.org /Exhibition/Expedition/Endangered/human.html (211 words)

	Human Population Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This will then be applied to account for the last few thousand years change in the human population, including the concept of exponential growth.
		-for example, it is simple to talk about an isolated, local population such as the human population of an isolated island, the population of fleas on a dog, or the population of monarch butterflies that migrate in the winter.
		Therefore, if N is positive, the population is increasing by that amount and if N is negative, it is decreasing by that amount.
	educ.queensu.ca /~science/main/concept/biol/b11/B11CDCG2.htm (599 words)

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