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	Human rights - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		These rights commonly include the right to life, the right to an adequate standard of living, freedom from torture and other mistreatment, freedom of religion and of expression, freedom of movement, the right to self-determination, the right to education, and the right to participation in cultural and political life.
		Human rights are typically divided into two categories: negative human rights (rights to be free from) and positive human rights (rights to), although other categorizations exist.
		Rights may also be non-derogable (not limited in times of national emergency); these often include the right to life, the right to be prosecuted only according to the laws that are in existence at the time of the offense, the right to be free from slavery, and the right to be free from torture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_rights (2130 words)

	Human rights in Mongolia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In addition, Mongolia argues that the notion of human rights should include economic standards of living and measures of health and economic prosperity.
		Multiple sources, including the U.S. State Department's annual Mongolian human rights reports, as well as studies from other groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, have noted Mongolia's well-documented abuses of human rights in violation of internationally recognized norms.
		Other serious and persistent human rights problems include political murder and abuse of Democratic Party leaders and opposition politicians, land confiscations, arbitrary arrest and detention, torture, bonded and forced child labor, trafficking in women and children, discrimination and domestic violence against women, and abuse of children.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Human_rights_in_Mongolia (844 words)

	MONGOLIA Human Rights Links
		Mongolia Report on Human Rights Practices for 2004
		Mongolia Report on Human Rights Practices for 2002
		Mongolia Report on Human Rights Practices for 2001
	www.eurasianet.org /resource/mongolia/links/rights.shtml (84 words)

	[22 Mar 2000] HR/CT/555 : HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE SEEKS MORE INFORMATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN MONGOLIA, AFTER THAT ...
		Mongolia’s legislation was in full consonance with the Covenant and the Government was creating the social, economic and legal guarantees to ensure fundamental rights and freedoms, as well as preventing violations of those rights.
		Mongolia, according to the report, is pursuing a State policy aimed at supporting people’s national liberation movements and the right to self- determination.
		Mongolia, however, had acceded to major international covenants on human rights and for that reason some members of Parliament were now advocating complete abolition of the death penalty.
	www.un.org /News/Press/docs/2000/20000322.hrct555.doc.html (4893 words)

	HURIGHTS OSAKA - Mongolia: Human Rights Education in Schools
		The chapter on human rights and freedom in the 1992 Constitution states that everyone is an equal legal subject, and any discrimination based on racial origin, nationality, language, age, gender, social origin, status, economic condition, official position, religion, opinion, or educational attainment is not allowed.
		Human and child rights are studied both directly and indirectly in kindergarten and at the primary and secondary levels, as provided by the 1998-1999 curriculum for primary and secondary levels.
		Human rights are studied at the primary level as part of moral education, Mongolian language, and literature.
	www.hurights.or.jp /hreas/3/03rinchin.htm (2121 words)

	1994 Human Rights Report: MONGOLIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Human rights problems included the lack of laws to codify human rights provisions contained in the Constitution, occasional violence against prisoners and detainees by security forces, lack of access to defense attorneys for pretrial detainees, monitoring of telephone lines by security forces, some limitations on access to government-owned media, and violence against women.
		The Government welcomed visits by representatives of several international human rights organizations, and a representative of the International Committee of the Red Cross is resident in Mongolia.
		Mongolia's near total reliance on outmoded machinery and continuing problems with management and maintenance lead to frequent industrial accidents, particularly in the mining, power, and construction sectors.
	gopher.state.gov /ERC/democracy/1994_hrp_report/94hrp_report_eap/Mongolia.html (3264 words)

	1993 Human Rights Report: MONGOLIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Current civil and criminal codes provide for the right of the accused to judicial process, a legal defense, and public trial "except as stipulated by law." Closed proceedings are permitted in cases involving crimes against the State, rape cases involving minors, and particularly brutal murders.
		Mongolia's National Children's Center has been relocated in the Ministry of Social Welfare and Labor, which is helping to prepare new legislation on child protection.
		The Right of Association The right of association for professional associations and trade unions is provided for in the new Constitution.
	gopher.state.gov /ERC/democracy/1993_hrp_report/93hrp_report_eap/Mongolia.html (3635 words)

	1997 Human Rights Reports: Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mongolia made further progress in its transition from a highly centralized Communist-led state to a full-fledged, multiparty, parliamentary democracy, although these gains still must be solidified, and the process continues to evolve.
		Mongolia's progress in the development of democratic institutions was demonstrated by the unexpected June 1996 election defeat of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), which had been in power since 1921.
		The Government is committed in principle to children's rights and welfare, but it provides only minimal support for the few shelters and orphanages that do exist, and those facilities must turn to private sources to sustain their activities.
	www.usemb.se /human/human97/mongolia.html (3240 words)

	1996 Human Rights Report: Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mongolia's progress in the development of democratic institutions was demonstrated by the overwhelming, and unexpected, June 28 election defeat of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), which had been in power since 1921.
		The Government is committed in principle to children's rights and welfare, but it provides only minimal support for the shelters and orphanages that do exist; those facilities must turn to private sources to sustain their activities.
		Mongolia's near total reliance on outmoded machinery and problems with maintenance and management lead to frequent industrial accidents, particularly in the mining, power, and construction sectors.
	www.usemb.se /human/human96/mongolia.html (2950 words)

	EurasiaNet Human Rights - Mongolia: In a Chokehold
		Mongolia’s normally placid summer political season has been shaken by the violent arrest and subsequent release of an opposition parliamentarian.
		Following his arrest, Gundalai was brought to the Gants Khudag detention center--which is notorious among Mongolian human rights advocates for its poor conditions and routine violations of prisoner rights--but was released the next day after both the Mongolian president and the parliamentary speaker condemned the action.
		The group of approximately 10 human rights NGOs also expressed their concern over the state of the democratic system in Mongolia at a 28 July press conference.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/rights/articles/pp080303.shtml (1092 words)

	JURIST - Mongolia: Mongolian Law, Legal Research, Human Rights
		Mongolia's first multi-party elections for a People's Great Hural were held on July 29, 1990.
		In addition to establishing Mongolia as an independent, sovereign republic, guaranteeing a number of rights and freedoms and providing that the president would be elected by popular vote rather than by the legislature, the new constitution restructured the legislative branch of government, creating a unicameral legislature, the State Great Hural (SGH).
		As the supreme government organ, the SGH is empowered to enact and amend laws, determine domestic and foreign policy, ratify international agreements, and declare a state of emergency.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /world/mongolia.htm (841 words)

	Mongolia
		Mongolia continued its transition from a highly centralized, Communist-led state to a full-fledged, multiparty, parliamentary democracy, although these gains have not yet been consolidated.
		Human rights training for prison management and some police guards was implemented during the year.
		In November the Government ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflicts, and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eap/8357.htm (6714 words)

	Mongolia
		Mongolia was invited by the Community of Democracies' (CD) Convening Group to attend the November 2002 second CD Ministerial Meeting in Seoul, Republic of Korea, as a participant.
		However, the Supreme Court ordered the case reinvestigated in view of questions raised concerning evidence presented at the trial by the prosecution and the absence of legal counsel for the defendants during the early months of their detention; at year's end, the results of this second investigation were pending.
		Human rights training for prison management and some police guards was implemented in 2001.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18255.htm (6619 words)

	Secretary-General Salutes International Workshop on Human Rights Security in Mongolia
		Human security, in its broadest sense, embraces far more than the absence of violent conflict.
		It encompasses human rights, good governance, access to education and health care and ensuring that each individual has opportunities and choices to fulfil his or her potential.
		And it may also contribute to Mongolia's efforts to cope with a terribly harsh winter that has brought real calamity to so many Mongolians.
	www.unis.unvienna.org /unis/pressrels/2000/sg2555.html (349 words)

	HURIGHTS OSAKA - The National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia Act
		The Commission is an institution mandated with the promotion and protection of human rights and charged with monitoring over the implementation of the provisions on human rights and freedoms, provided in the Constitution of Mongolia, laws and international treaties of Mongolia.
		Citizens of Mongolia, either individually or in a group, shall have the right to lodge complaints to the Commission in accordance with this Law, in case of violations of human rights and freedoms, guaranteed in the Constitution of Mongolia, laws and international treaties of Mongolia, by business entities, organisations, officials or individual persons.
		Unless otherwise provided in laws and international treaties of Mongolia, foreign citizens and/or stateless persons who are residing in the territory of Mongolia, shall exercise the same right to lodge complaints to the Commission on equal footing as the citizens of Mongolia.
	www.hurights.or.jp /database/E/nhri_law/mongolia.html (2797 words)

	United Nations Human Rights Website - Treaty Bodies Database - Document - Concluding Observations/Comments - Mongolia
		The Committee commends the State party for the formulation of the National Plan of Action for Human Rights and notes that the State party is taking steps towards establishing a national human rights institution.
		This agreement allows Mongolia to draw US$ 40 million per year for poverty reduction, the achievement of full primary education and the reduction of infant mortality rates by 50 per cent by 2005.
		The Committee recommends that the State party, in its fourth periodic report, include a copy of its up-to-date human rights national plan of action for human rights, prepared in accordance with the Vienna Declaration and Plan of Action (1993), and report on its implementation.
	www.unhchr.ch /tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/E.C.12.1.Add.47.En?Opendocument (1706 words)

	Argentina: Decisions Denied: VII. International Human Rights Law and Abortion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Women’s right to health is also seriously compromised when a woman is forced against her will to continue a pregnancy of a fetus with genetic deficiencies that are incompatible with an existence outside the uterus. In fact, some courts in Argentina have begun to permit abortion in cases of anencephalic pregnancies.
		The right to life is guaranteed by all major international and regional human rights treaties. Restrictive abortion laws have a devastating impact on women’s right to life. Approximately 30 percent of maternal deaths in Argentina
		Most international human rights instruments are silent concerning the starting point for the right to life, whereas the negotiating history of the treaties, jurisprudence, and most legal analysis suggest that the right to life, as contemplated in those documents, does not apply before the birth of a human being.
	hrw.org /reports/2005/argentina0605/7.htm (4023 words)

	Mongolia
		Mongolia continued its transition from a highly centralized, Communist-led state to a full-fledged, multiparty, parliamentary democracy, although these gains still must be consolidated.
		Citizens are not always aware of their rights in regard to arrest and detention procedures (see Section 1.c.).
		The family law which went into effect in 1999 details rights and responsibilities regarding alimony and parents' rights, and is intended to bring about timely dispute settlement and avoid the causes of some domestic violence.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2000/eap/748.htm (5167 words)

	1996 Human Rights Report: Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mongolia continued its transition from a highly centralized Communist-led state to a full-fledged multiparty democracy.
		Although there are no reliable or exact statistics as to the extent of such abuse, human rights groups believe that it is a common phenomenon.
		There is no government agency overseeing women's rights, nor are there any notable efforts by the Government to encourage greater representation by women in policymaking positions.
	www.usemb.se /human/1996/eastasia/mongolia.html (2958 words)

	OHCHR - Mongolia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Human Rights Strengthening in Mongolia Phase II ("HURISTMON II", 2003-2004) is designed to deepen the positive impact of HURISTMON I (2001-2002) in increasing public awareness and strengthening national capacities of key governance institutions through broad-based, participatory and consultative nation-wide human rights planning exercise to protect and promote human rights.
		Phase II draws on the baseline study produced during Phase I, which served as a basis for local mid-term human rights plans of action adopted in 2001 in rendering assistance for the development of a comprehensive National Human Rights Action Programme.
		Among the activities to be undertaken under this objective will be the development of a specialized law course on human rights, targeted ethics education for medical professionals and possibly other occupational groups, as well as continued general human rights education for the public, NGOs and others.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu2/5/mongolia.htm (721 words)

	EurasiaNet Human Rights - Rights Activists in Mongolia Raise Alarm After Government Crackdown on Demonstrators
		Human rights activists and non-governmental organization representatives in Mongolia are worried that the government, which is dominated by former Communists, strives to curtail individual liberties.
		Some rights advocates believe the police clampdown November 13 is an indicator that the government is backing away from democratization.
		Sharkhuu added that rights advocates and NGO leaders are planning to hold a "civil society" forum later in November.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/rights/articles/eav111502.shtml (824 words)

	The United Nations Human Rights Treaties
		The UN human rights treaties are at the core of the international system for the promotion and protection of human rights.
		It is a universal human rights legal system which applies to virtually every child, woman or man in the world.
		The successful implementation of the human rights treaty standards, whether at the international or national level, depends on their accessibility to the victims of human rights abuse.
	www.bayefsky.com (129 words)

	The Middle East and Asia (from human rights) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		rights that belong to an individual or group of individuals as a consequence of being human.
		They refer to a wide continuum of values or capabilities thought to enhance human agency and declared to be universal in character, in some sense equally claimed for all human beings.
		It has been referred to as humanity's Magna Carta by Eleanor Roosevelt, who chaired the United Nations (UN) Commission on Human Rights that was responsible for the drafting of the document.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-219354 (1127 words)

	North Koreans Test Russia as Escape Route - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		He said a new U.S. law on North Korean human rights was also likely to have triggered the trend, but did not elaborate.
		The North Korean Human Rights Act, signed into law by U.S. President George W. Bush last month, is designed to allow North Koreans to seek asylum in the United States and to provide assistance to efforts to improve human rights for North Koreans.
		Mongolia is also once again becoming a popular escape route for North Koreans hiding in China despite the harsh winter they must endure in order to travel, he said.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2004/11/16/koreansescape.shtml (794 words)

	M2 Presswire: Human Rights Committee seeks more information on human rights in Mongolia, after that country`s ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		M2 Presswire: Human Rights Committee seeks more information on human rights in Mongolia, after that country`s periodic report is introduced.@ HighBeam Research
		Human Rights Committee seeks more information on human rights in Mongolia, after that country`s periodic report is introduced.
		All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:60584834&refid=holomed_1 (220 words)

	Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center
		Hada under the allegations of “attempting to overthrow the government” and “engaging in separatism” in Southern Mongolia or the so-called Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
		Created and run by ethnic Mongolian intellectuals, the Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance was an underground political organization dedicated to strive for freedom, human rights, and democracy of the Mongols in Southern Mongolia as well as to work to end the Chinese colonial regime in the region.
		The Mongols of Southern Mongolia have been deprived of not only their political and economic rights but also the basic human rights and fundamental freedom since the Chinese occupation in 1947.
	www.smhric.org /Latest_A.htm (478 words)

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