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Topic: Humanitarianism

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	MSF-USA: 2004 Activity Report - Military humanitarianism
		Clear-cut examples include the coalition's "humanitarian" food drops during the first aerial strikes in 2001, its deployment of special forces in civilian dress who claim to be on a "humanitarian mission," and threatening to suspend humanitarian aid to populations in southern Afghanistan if they refuse to provide information about the Taliban and Al- Qaeda.
		The blurring of the humanitarian symbol and its disastrous consequences for team safety and aid activities are not limited to the Afghan theater.
		The blurred lines between humanitarian assistance and the international military takeover in the early 1990s as well as the UN's use of aid to advance its military strategy has crippled the respect which humanitarians could have enjoyed as neutral and independent caregivers.
	www.doctorswithoutborders.org /publications/ar/i2004/militaryhumanitarianism.cfm (3010 words)

	Humanitarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Humanitarianism is based on a view that all human beings deserve respect and dignity and should be treated as such.
		Humanitarians abhor slavery, cannibalism, and discrimination on the basis of features such as color of skin, ancestry, place of birth, etc. Humanitarianism is embraced by movements and people across the political spectrum, and particularly (but not exclusively) by leftists.
		Humanitarianism was probably most publicly seen in the social reforms of the late 1800s and early 1900s, following the economic turmoil of the Industrial Revolution in England.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Humanitarianism (339 words)

	John Tirman: The New Humanitarianism
		Nowadays, the notion of humanitarian intervention almost always means the use of armed force, and the principal examples are the controversial U.S. actions in Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq, and the absence of action in other desperate places, notably in Rwanda in 1994.
		Humanitarianism has roots in war—the Red Cross was founded to aid its victims—and the public’s favorable attitude toward the concept accounts for its ready use by political leaders.
		The identification of “humanitarian intervention” with military action is, paradoxically, a tacit claim of powerlessness to do anything short of war to prevent the streams of refugees, the genocides, the famines.
	www.bostonreview.net /BR28.6/tirman.html (4283 words)

	Friendly Atheism?
		Although what exactly humanitarianism involves is a complex issue, it might be said that it is plausible to suppose one aspect of the complex of traits that make-up humanitarianism is friendliness.
		Humanitarianism is usually closely associated with charity and philanthropy and in general with an altruistic promotion of human happiness and well being.
		Indeed, the attribution of humanitarian concern to someone is compatible with an impersonality and a distance that is incompatible with being friendly.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/michael_martin/friendly.html (3095 words)

	IJNL: Vol 6 Iss 3 - International Humanitarianism: The Dark Sides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As a result, we humanitarians have a hard time acknowledging our own participation in rulership, preferring to think of ourselves off to one side speaking truth to power, or hidden in the policy apparatus advising other people, the princes, to humanize their means and ends.
		Humanitarians have been “realistic” and have successfully infiltrated the decision-making of those they would bend to humanitarian ends, yet something is still amiss.
		Imagine a humanitarianism whose knowledge was critique, human rights not as a codification of what we know justice to be but as a lexicon for criticizing the pretenses of justice as it is. Imagine human rights training in critical reasoning, with treaty instruments reminding us to ask again what justice requires.
	www.icnl.org /JOURNAL/vol6iss3/ar_kennedy.htm (7672 words)

	HUMANITARIANISM, IDENTITY, AND NATION: MIGRATION LAWS OF CANADA AND AUSTRALIA
		Humanitarian migration (including admissions of refugees) differs from family unification and economic migration but should still be understood against a framework of national need.
		Humanitarianism responds to a national need “to define and understand the nation to be compassionate and caring.” Humanitarianism is the opposite of justice since it is rooted in a type of difference created by material inequality.
		Having outlined her humanitarianism theory, Dauvergne also points to the empirical significance of this variable for national identity in three processes, even though, as she acknowledges, in number terms, humanitarianism does not underlie a big proportion of admissions (25,111 of 226,913 admissions for Canada and 12,525 of 119,365 for Australia in 2002 and 2002/2003 respectively).
	www.bsos.umd.edu /gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/dauvergne805.htm (940 words)

	Humanitarianism Did You Mean humanitarianism
		Humanitarianism refers to an informal ideology of practice, whereby people practice humane treatment and provide assistance to others.
		Humanitarianism was probably most publicly seen in the social reforms of the late 1800s and early 1900s, following the economoic turmoil of the Industrial Revolution in England.
		A Humanitarian is one who is devoted to human welfare.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Humanitarianism.html (202 words)

	INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIANISM'S ENGAGEMENT WITH CIVIL WAR IN THE 1990s
		Humanitarianism in its full sense is a human rights position encompassing many social, economic, civil and political rights beyond the right to life itself.
		Such an interpretation reveals that the most striking aspect of the humanitarian relationship between "north" and "south" is its complete dissonance: the formal, state-centred response of the international community being so singularly out of harmony with the national or sub-national, non-state or post-state formations and their grey economies.
		Usually manifest in the apparent clash between humanitarianism and human rights, this problem of values is essentially that of feeling forced to chose between responding to the right to life or the right to justice and the broader values of civil and political rights.
	www.jha.ac /articles/a033.htm (8726 words)

	Conversation with David Rieff, p. 3 of 5
		Humanitarian action, emergency relief, is a salvage operation in ideological terms.
		Humanitarian action is about what an ICRC (Red Cross) official once described as "bringing a measure of humanity, always insufficient, into situations that shouldn't exist." In other words, it was battlefield medicine.
		Kosovo was not a humanitarian crisis, it was a political crisis.
	globetrotter.berkeley.edu /people3/Rieff/rieff-con3.html (1672 words)

	Humanitarianism & War Project
		The pros and cons of impartial versus political humanitarianism and the differing approaches by the four kinds of actors on the spectrum are the subject of the third section of the essay.
		Humanitarians have a stake in political outcomes at every level, and their actions influence and are influenced by such outcomes.
		Much contemporary humanitarian action occurs in countries torn by civil war (that is, in countries of origin and not of asylum) where civilians are targets and outside military forces are sometimes deployed despite objections from sovereign authorities.
	hwproject.tufts.edu /publications/electronic/e_ppaha.html (8558 words)

	Post-modern conflict and humanitarian action
		Most humanitarian agencies today acknowledge that humanitarian aid is rarely non-political and neutral; there have been calls for a ‘new ethic’, and to ‘humanitarianise’ foreign policy[3].
		The value base of the humanitarian regime is encapsulated in the principle of ‘humanity’, meaning a desire to “prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found” (Ramsbotham and Woodhouse 1996: 14), and as such has always had universalist pretensions[8].
		However, the new humanitarianism is not only an established fact which will be difficult to displace: it also appears to engage in an agenda which logically flows from the concerns of all major actors within the ‘humanitarian movement’ and might therefore expect to reckon on their not uncritical support.
	www.reliefweb.int /library/documents/paradigm.htm (6752 words)

	Kennedy, D.: The Dark Sides of Virtue: Reassessing International Humanitarianism.
		Rooted in Kennedy's own experience in numerous humanitarian efforts, the book examines campaigns for human rights, refugee protection, economic development, and for humanitarian limits to the conduct of war.
		With humanitarianism's new power comes knowledge that even the most well-intentioned projects can create as many problems as they solve.
		Kennedy develops a checklist of the unforeseen consequences, blind spots, and biases of humanitarian work--from focusing too much on rules and too little on results to the ambiguities of waging war in the name of human rights.
	press.princeton.edu /titles/7711.html (628 words)

	NomadNet:Intervention Unbound
		This paper examines the reasons for this extraordinary shift in the capacity of humanitarian organizations to make these dramatic statements and asks whether the analysis, capacity and accountability of these organizations matches their power.
		Hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent by the international community on a 'humanitarian' operation that is in fact feeding soldiers more than it is feeding their victims.
		This is a dangerous state of affairs, not only for the staff on the ground who often believe their own humanitarian propaganda, but for the principles of humanitarianism themselves.
	www.netnomad.com /DeWaal.html (5453 words)

	MILITARY HUMANITARIANISM AND THE NEW PEACEKEEPING: AN AGENDA FOR PEACE?
		This paper examines the rise of the military humanitarian policy of the United Nations since 1992 and outlines the new military doctrine on peacekeeping.
		This new interventionist period in humanitarian affairs has been an extremely steep learning curve for UN agencies and NGOs, as well as for UN military forces themselves and for the members of the UN Security Council who have despatched them to such situations.
		The main challenge facing all those involved in humanitarian assistance is to further refine its techniques and not to reject all military intervention on principle.
	www.jha.ac /articles/a003.htm (5340 words)

	Rahul Mahajan: The New Humanitarianism
		While beating his chest over the massive preparations the United States has made to avert a humanitarian tragedy in Iraq (always assuming the Iraqis don't screw things up by continuing unaccountably to resist their liberation), he touched on the problems of Basra, where only 40% of the people currently have access to potable water.
		In other words, for all the humanitarian triumphalism of the "coalition," for all its great desire to level Basra so that Iraqis can be fed, the agency that has taken meaningful steps to avert a catastrophe is the Iraqi government.
		On Iraq, the New Humanitarianism is clear: we had to destroy Iraq (over the past 12 years, not just the last few days) in order to save it.
	www.counterpunch.org /mahajan03272003.html (894 words)

	National Humanitarianism - the HERETIC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These are 'National Humanitarians', counterparts of 'Bourgeois Socialists' – with the intent indicated by the latter half of each term being undone by the perspective underlying the former.
		National humanitarians are those who try to do good within the pluralist/democratic auspices of the nation whilst leaving unaddressed the root cause of evils which depend on the selfsame pluralist/democratic principles observed within the nation-state which serve to disable those fighting for the lives of 'non-nationals'.
		National Humanitarianism defeats itself where the entirety of Humanity is not contained within the Nation.
	the-heretic.blogspot.com /2005/09/national-humanitarianism.html (474 words)

	Humanitarianism under fire \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		We need a humanitarianism that is demand-driven by local communities of all faiths and creeds sharing a common belief in the principle of humanity.
		We need a humanitarianism that embraces all nationalities and ethnicities, and is firmly grounded in the ethical precepts of all major religions, including Islam.
		But without the acceptance of local communities, humanitarians will be increasingly vulnerable, and their work drained of its essential ethical solidarity with those in need.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0805/p09s01-coop.html?s=ent (1000 words)

	Humanitarianism & War Project
		The changes are an important element in Phase 4 of our Project, a period beginning in September 2000, during which we will emphasize distilling lessons identified from research during our first three phases and making the results more accessible to a wider array of users.
		These materials are designed first and foremost with the needs of humanitarian practitioner organizations in mind.
		It examines the interplay between humanitarian action and political-military forces.
	hwproject.tufts.edu (211 words)

	The Changing Role of Humanitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For example, according to Rieff, although some humanitarians based in Biafra during the civil war believed at the time that genocide was taking place, subsequent studies have suggested that it did not, and that the ICRC was correct in its policy of discretion.
		Still more worrying, as humanitarian aid groups proceed down the path of identifying closely with national governments or UN agencies, they are at greater risk of becoming military targets.
		I do not advocate a complete, strict, rigid separation between the humanitarian and the political worlds.” Against this background, it is hardly surprising that Kouchner has had another incarnation as a politician, holding a variety of ministerial posts under several French governments.
	www.carnegiecouncil.org /viewMedia.php/prmTemplateID/8/prmID/5001 (5401 words)

	Humanitarianism & War Project
		In greater demand, humanitarian organizations are also experiencing greater difficulty in carrying out their tasks.
		to the heightened challenges, the Humanitarianism and War Project was an independent policy research initiative based at Brown University's Watson Institute for International Studies in Providence, Rhode Island, and is now part of the Feinstein International Famine Center at the Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University.
		Its earlier monitoring and analysis of the humanitarian and political impacts of economic sanctions, international military forces, and the media continued.
	hwproject.tufts.edu /about.html (615 words)

	National Interest, The: Suffering. . - Books - A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis - book review
		He claims to be frustrated by the state of humanitarian intervention, something that in theory could be improved.
		RIEFF'S MAIN thesis is that there is a contradiction between "humanitarianism" and politics--even liberal politics motivated by human rights concerns.
		Thus, for Rieff, the growth of humanitarian intervention over the last three decades, and especially the 1990s, may have been a triumph of liberal politics, but it has left humanitarianism as a vocation essentially dead.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2751/is_2003_Spring/ai_99377583 (452 words)

	Kennedy, D.: The Dark Sides of Virtue: Reassessing International Humanitarianism.
		Rooted in Kennedy's own experience in numerous humanitarian efforts, the book examines campaigns for human rights, refugee protection, economic development, and for humanitarian limits to the conduct of war.
		With humanitarianism's new power comes knowledge that even the most well-intentioned projects can create as many problems as they solve.
		Kennedy develops a checklist of the unforeseen consequences, blind spots, and biases of humanitarian work--from focusing too much on rules and too little on results to the ambiguities of waging war in the name of human rights.
	pup.princeton.edu /titles/7711.html (641 words)

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