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Topic: Humbert II of Italy

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	Italy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Magyars plundered N Italy, and in the south the Arabs seized (917) Sicily and raided the mainland.
		In central and N Italy, the prevailing chaos was increased by the conflict between the emperors and the popes over investiture and by the contested succession to Tuscany after the death (1115) of Countess Matilda.
		The reigns of Victor Emmanuel II (1861–78) and Humbert I (1878–1900), and the first half of the reign of Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) were marked by moderate social and political reforms and by some industrial expansion in N Italy (mainly in the 20th cent.).
	www.bartleby.com /65/it/Italy.html (5639 words)

	Italy - Search View - ninemsn Encarta
		The climate of Italy is highly diversified, with extremes ranging from frigid, in the higher elevations of the Alps and Apennines, to semi-tropical along the coast of the Ligurian Sea and the west coast of the lower peninsula.
		In contrast to the semi-tropical conditions prevalent in southern Italy and along the Gulf of Genoa, the climate of the Plain of Lombardy is continental.
		In November 1920 Italy and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later renamed Yugoslavia) signed the Treaty of Rapallo; Fiume was established as a free state, and Italy renounced its claims to Dalmatia.
	au.encarta.msn.com /text_761555207__1/Italy.html (17683 words)

	Italy
		Italy, under the control of Benito Mussolini during World War II, entered the war in 1940.
		By 1943, Mussolini was preparing for an invasion of the mainland by the Allies.
		On June 2 and 3, Italy held general elections, and the country chose to become a republic.
	library.thinkquest.org /15511/data/encyclopedia/italy.htm (474 words)

	37th Generation (cont.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Otto Rufus von Saxony II, King of the Germans and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire "The Red" was born 955 in Saxony, Germany and married 14 Apr 972.
		Humbert de Savoie I, Count of Savoie "The Whitehanded" was born circa 972 in Geneva, Switzerland.
		Humbert, whose origins are surrounded by controversy but who may have been the son of the semi legendary hero Bérold of Saxony, ally of King Rudolf III of Burgundy, made his appearance in history when Rudolf died in 1032, leaving his domains to Conrad II.
	www.boazfamilytree.com /jharcourt/aqwg54.htm (1051 words)

	Trips to Italy \| Planning your trip to discover History of Italy \| useful information description of Italy history \| ...
		Important cultures and civilizations have existed in Italy since prehistoric times, but it was the Etruscan civilization and especially the Roman Republic and Empire that dominated this part of the world for many centuries.
		On March 17, 1861, the kingdom of Italy was proclaimed, with Victor Emmanuel II as king and Cavour as prime minister, uniting all the territory except Venice and Rome, both of which would enter some years later.
		In 1955 Italy joined the United Nations, and joined the growing political and economic unification of Western Europe as a signatory to the Treaty of Rome in 1956, and the adoption of Euro in 1999.
	www.trips2italy.com /History_of_Italy (1903 words)

	History of Italy and its Italian Heritage
		Italy, however, was restored to the imperial fold under the Byzantine emperor, Justinian, and thereafter, until the Saracen invasions in the ninth century and the Norman invasions in the eleventh, much of southern and central Italy formed a dependency of the Eastern Roman Empire.
		Throughout the Renaissance, Italy was continually beset by wars among the rival city-states, which gradually succumbed to such petty tyrants as the Visconti and Sforzas of Milan, the Medici of Florence, the Estes of Ferrara, the Gonzagas of Mantua, and the Malatestas of Rimini.
		Italy's area was further enlarged in 1866, when Prussia had Austria bestow Venetia on Italy as a reward for aid in the Seven Weeks' War.
	www.thetreemaker.com /last-name-meaning/history-of-italy.html (1840 words)

	Heraldry in the House of Savoia
		The kings of Italy were Vittorio Emanuele II (died Jan 9, 1878), his son Umberto I (assassinated Juy 29, 1900), Vittorio Emanuele III (abdicated May 9, 1946, died December 28, 1947) and Umberto II (died March 18, 1983).
		In 1713 Vittorio Amedeo II was made king of Sicily by the treaty of Utrecht, but he later exchanged Sicily for Sardinia and the royal title was confirmed by the treaty of Cambrai in 1720.
		Currently the son of the last king Umberto II (1904-83) is Vittorio Emanuele, duke of Savoia, prince of Naples (born 1937), and his son Emanuele Filiberto (born 1972) is prince of Piedmont and Venice.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/national/italy1.htm (1506 words)

	Reign
		King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy reigned from 1900 to 1946.
		King Constantine II of Greece reigned from 1963 until the abolition of the Greek monarchy in 1973.
		King Humbert II of Italy reigned for only a few weeks in 1946 before the abolition of the Italian Monarchy.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/re/Reign.html (222 words)

	Umberto II of Italy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Umberto II, occasionally anglicized as Humbert II, (September 15, 1904, Racconigi, province of Cuneo - March 18, 1983, Geneva, Switzerland), the last King of Italy, nicknamed the King of May (Italian: Re di Maggio), was born the Prince of Piedmont.
		He was the third child of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and Elena Petrovich of Montenegro.
		In 1943, the Crown Princess Maria José, the daughter of King Albert I of Belgium, was involved in vain attempts to arrange a separate peace treaty between Italy and the United States, and her interlocutor from the Vatican was Monsignor Giovanni Battista Montini, a senior diplomat who later became Pope Paul VI.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Humbert_II_of_Italy (1007 words)

	Humbert II - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Humbert II 1904-83, last king of Italy (1946), son and successor of Victor Emmanuel III.
		On the abdication (May, 1946) of his father, who was tainted by his long acquiescence (1922-43) to Fascist rule, Humbert succeeded to the throne, pending a referendum on the monarchy.
		The referendum (June, 1946) resulted in the establishment of a republic, and Humbert went into exile in Portugal.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Humbert2.html (253 words)

	[No title]
		Metternich regarded Italy as merely a "geographical expression": Austrian influence in the peninsula was increased to act as a barrier to any new French invasion, and as compensation for the loss of the Austrian Netherlands.
		Italy desired to find her own territories abroad which would provide outlets for emigration, satisfy the rising ambitions of big business for markets and of the leaders for great-power status, and boost the nationalistic spirit.
		Italy promised that she would remain neutral in any war in which France was involved.
	www.thecorner.org /hists/europe/italy-unif.htm (12081 words)

	Humbert I - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Humbert I (Italian Umberto) (1844-1900), king of Italy (1878-1900), the son of Italy's first king, Victor Emmanuel II, born in Turin.
		Extreme social and political tension in the 1890s nearly ended parliamentary government in Italy.
		Victor Emmanuel II, formerly king of Sardinia, became king of Italy in 1861 after the Italian states voted to form a unified kingdom.
	encarta.msn.com /Humbert_I.html (168 words)

	NationMaster - Statistics on Italy. 2438 facts and figures, stats and information on Italian economy, crime, people, ...
		Italy became a nation-state in 1861 when the regional states of the peninsula, along with Sardinia and Sicily, were united under King Victor EMMANUEL II.
		Italy was a charter member of NATO and the European Economic Community (EEC).
		It was the result of a successful uprising, fomented by Mazzini's Young Italy movement, to overthrow the Pope (not as the head of the faith, but as the king of the Church State).
	www.nationmaster.com /country/it-italy (8461 words)

	Holy Roman Empire
		Francis II ruled thereafter as Francis I of the Austrian Empire (established in 1804).
		His son, Vittorio Emanuele II (Victor Emmanuel the 2nd) of Savoy led the armies that conquered what is now known as Italy over the years 1858 through 1871.
		As a consequence, Vittorio Emanuele was proclaimed King of Italy in 1861; a dynasty that would fall with the end of WW2.
	www.arcaini.com /ITALY/ItalyHistory/HolyRomanEmpire.htm (387 words)

	Umberto II Last King of Italy - Biography & Achievements
		Umberto II, also known as Humbert II by the anglicized world, was born Prince of Piedmont on September 15, 1904 in Turin, as the second son Victor Emmanuel III, who also occupied the throne of Italy just before his son did.
		Their vice-like grip over the kingship of Italy and misrule by several, so alienated the common man that the constitutional ban after Italy became a Republic, disallowing all male members of this dynastic family to live or enter Italy did not come as a surprise to many.
		The Prince of Piedmont known as Umberto II later was married to Marie Jose, youngest child of Albert I of the Belgians, on January 8, 1930.
	www.ultimateitaly.com /culture-antropology/umberto-ii.html (1296 words)

	A Chronological Survey of Italian History
		Romulus Augustulus deposed by the Herulian chief Odoacer, who is proclaimed king of Italy, but is defeated by the Ostrogoth Theodoric, imprisoned at Ravenna, and murdered on the surrender of that city.
		Empire of the Lombards in North and Central Italy.
		Kingdom of Italy erected, embracing Lombardy, Venetia, S. Tyrol, and Istria, with Milan as capital (Napoleon king, Eugene Beauharnais is viceroy).
	www.fiu.edu /~honors/italy/itchron.htm (844 words)

	Pretenders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1688, James II was deposed for attempting to establish Roman Catholicism in Great Britain; he and his heirs maintained a rival court on the continent until the latter half of the 18th century.
		Based on the fact that Frederick II held Sicily and southern Italy, a claim that was assumed by his illegitimate son Manfred, the Kingdom of Naples has normally included Jerusalem as a adjunct title within its collection.
		Citing persistent rumours that Isabel II had been unfaithful to her husband, they regarded Alfonso XII as illegitimate and recognised the next male stem, the House of Bourbon-Parma, as Carlist kings.
	www.hostkingdom.net /pretends.html (6464 words)

	Savoie Victor-E. Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Born in 1937, Victor Emmanuel of Savoy is the successor to Humbert II, King of Italy, and Marie José, Queen of Italy and Royal Princess of Belgium.
		The King of Italy and his family were expelled from the Italian territory in 1946 for supporting Mussolini's radical laws in 1938.
		Her son Victor Emmanuel married Marina Doria, the daughter of a rich Swiss industrialist, and they settled in the chic suburb of Geneva.
	switzerland.isyours.com /e/celebrities/bios/137.html (313 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Empire and Papacy
		The "Empire and Papacy" has been a theme of medieval history teaching for so long that students might be forgiven for being bored out of their minds.
		Frederick II (r.1214-1250): Lictere Generales, establishing the University of Naples, trans.
		[Tierney 67] Frederick II (r.1214-1250): Statute in Favor of Princes, 1231.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/sbook1l.html (1353 words)

	Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Italy is another European region in which political unity is a recent development.
		These original chartered communes eventually developed into feudal lordships, and then republics or monarchies, as the case may be.
		Although much of Italy was still technically a part of the Holy Roman Empire up until even the 17th century, and the Kings of Germany never resigned the Iron Crown of Lombardy, local conditions become increasingly significant, and form the bulk of data in this particular archive.
	www.hostkingdom.net /italy.html (268 words)

	AllRefer.com - Humbert II (Italian History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Humbert II 1904–83, last king of Italy (1946), son and successor of Victor Emmanuel III.
		On the abdication (May, 1946) of his father, who was tainted by his long acquiescence (1922–43) to Fascist rule, Humbert succeeded to the throne, pending a referendum on the monarchy.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on Humbert II
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/Humbert2.html (175 words)

	ipedia.com: 1946 Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		May 9 - King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy abdicates and is succeeded by Humbert II.
		After this referendum the king of Italy Umberto II di Savoia was exiled.
		June 13 - Humbert II of Italy leaves the country – Alcide de Gasperi becomes head of state.
	www.ipedia.com /1946.html (1719 words)

	Buy Italian Gold Coins - images
		Umberto I, also known as Humbert I, was King of Italy from 1878 until his death in 1900.
		He was son to Victor Emmanuel II, who united Italy under a single kingdom during the 'Risorgimento' movement of the 19th century.
		Umberto I was the only modern King of Italy to die by assassination, killed by the Italo-American anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
	www.usagold.com /gold/coins/ItalyUmb.html (219 words)

	Italy (Coins)
		Aftre Italy had been united, the Sardinian king, Victor Emmanuel II acquired the title of King of Italy.
		Following the abdication of Humbert II, the kingdom became a republic in 1946.
		Very small coin but details are legible and clear and the wear is even.
	www.bearscoinshop.com /html/italy__coins_.html (495 words)

	Jay Smith & Associates: World: Europe: Italy Stamps
		Scott #64, 1891 2c on 5c blue green King Humbert I. Used Fine with tiny hidden tear.
		Scott #126-8, 1913 Symbol of Valor, Genius of Italy, and Glory of Rome Surcharged.
		Scott #164, 1923 5l fl and blue Symbolical of Fascism and Italy.
	www.jaysmith.com /Specials/World/World-Europe-Italy-Stamps.html (563 words)

	1946 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After this referendum the king of Umberto II di Savoia was exiled.
		June 13 - Humbert II of Italy leaves the country – Alcide de becomes head of state.
		June 7 - The BBC begins broadcasting again and reshows the Mickey Mouse cartoon that had been interrupted seven earlier at the start of the World War II June 19 - The first televised heavyweight title between Joe Louis and Billy Conn is broadcast from Yankee Stadium.
	www.freeglossary.com /1946 (2024 words)

	Italy - The Kingdom of Italy - Miscellaneous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Italy - The Kingdom of Italy - Miscellaneous - !http://maxpages.com/zar/Italy
		The Kingdom of Italy reached its height and empire status when Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland were united to form Italian East Africa with King Victor Emmanuel III as Emperor of Ethiopia from 1936-1941.
		World War II brought about the end of the kingdom of Italy created in 1861.
	maxpages.com /zar/Italy - !http://maxpages.com/zar/Italy (153 words)

	Albert I - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Albert I 1875-1934, king of the Belgians (1909-34), nephew and successor of Leopold II.
		In World War I his heroic resistance (1914) to the German invasion of Belgium greatly helped the Allied cause.
		His daughter, Marie José, married the crown prince (later King Humbert II) of Italy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-albert1bel.html (262 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia- Italy - AOL Research & Learn
		The Etruscans, coming probably from Asia Minor, established themselves in central Italy before 800 B.C. They reduced the indigenous population to servile status and established a prosperous empire with a complex culture.
		is largely that of the growth of Rome and of the Roman Empire, of which Italy was the core.
		Use this guide to find the perfect present for the eco-friendly person on your list.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/italy/20051206061809990008 (5641 words)

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