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	Hundred Schools of Thought - Definition, explanation
		The Hundred Schools of Thought (諸子百家 Pinyin: zhū zǐ bǎi jiā) (770 BC-222 BC) marked an unprecedented era of cultural and intellectual prosperity during Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period in China -- the "Golden Age" of Chinese thought, also known as "The Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought" (百家爭鳴).
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the School of Literati, often called the Confucian school in the West.
		The theories of this school attempted to explain the universe in terms of basic forces in nature, the complementary agents of yin (dark, cold, female, negative) and yang (light, hot, male, positive) and the Five Elements (water, fire, wood, metal, and earth).
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/h/hu/hundred_schools_of_thought.php (1058 words)

	Eremitism in Ancient China: The Hundred Schools - Articles - House of Hermits - Hermitary
		From the death of the historical Confucius in the late sixth century to the rise of the Han dynasty in 212 B.C.E., the era of the "Hundred Schools" dominated the thought of ancient China.
		The perceived monopoly of thought attributed to Confucius fragmented into a "hundred" schools and thinkers -- though the number is exaggerated -- culminating in Taoism.
		Along the way, the dominant schools of thought known as the Mo-ist, the Legalist, and the Agriculturalists represent tangential, obscure, or intriguing presentations of Chinese philosophy directly responding to the chaotic times.
	www.hermitary.com /articles/china-3.html (2815 words)

	Ancient Dynasties: II
		The Ancient Dynasties: II The Hundred Schools of Thought
		From the Hundred Schools of Thought came many of the great classical writings on which Chinese practices were to be based for the next two and one-half millennia.
		The theories of this school attempted to explain the universe in terms of basic forces in nature, the complementary agents of yin (dark, cold, female, negative) and yang (light, hot, male, positive) and the five elements (water, fire, wood, metal, and earth).
	www-chaos.umd.edu /history/ancient2.html (1201 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Hundred Schools of Thought
		The Hundred Schools of Thought (諸子百家 Pinyin: zhū zǐ bǎi jiā) (770 BC-222 BC) marked an unprecedented era of cultural and intellectual prosperity during Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period in China -- the "Golden Age" of Chinese thought, also known as "The Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought" (百家爭鳴).
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the School of Literati, often called the Confucian school in the West.
		The theories of this school attempted to explain the universe in terms of basic forces in nature, the complementary agents of yin (dark, cold, female, negative) and yang (light, hot, male, positive) and the Five Elements (water, fire, wood, metal, and earth).
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Hundred_Schools_of_Thought (1211 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Hundred Schools of Thought () was an era of great cultural and intellectual expansion in China that lasted from 770 to 222 BC.
		The School of Naturalists or Yin-yang (陰陽家/阴阳家; Yīnyángjiā; Yin-yang-chia; "School of Yin-Yang") was a Warring States era philosophy that synthesized the concepts of yin-yang and the Five Elements.
		Though the school did not survive through the Qin Dynasty, Mohism was seen as a major rival of Confucianism in the period of the Hundred Schools of Thought.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Hundred_Schools_of_Thought (1437 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hundred Schools of Thought (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Though the school did not survive through the Qin Dynasty, Mohism was seen as a major rival of Confucianism in the period of the Hundred Schools of Thought.
		The Logicians were a school that grew out of Mohism, with a philosophy that is said to have parallels with that of the Ancient Greek sophists or dialecticians.
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the School of Literati, often called the Confucian school in the West.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hundred-Schools-of-Thought (2565 words)

	Hundred Schools of Thought - China-related Topics HU-HZ - China-Related Topics
		The Hundred Schools of Thought (諸子百家 Pinyin: zhū zǐ bǎi jiā) (770 BC-222 BC) marked an unprecedented era of cultural and intellectual prosperity during Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period in China -- the "Golden Age" of Chinese philosophyChinese thought, also known as "The Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought" (百家爭鳴).
		From the Hundred Schools of Thought came many of the great Chinese classic textsclassical writings on which Chinese practices were to be based for the next two and one-half millennia.
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the ConfucianismSchool of Literati, often called the Confucian school in the West.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Hundred_Schools_of_Thought (1165 words)

	info: Hundred_Schools_of_Thought (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Hundred Schools of Thought (Chinese: è«¸åç¾å®¶/è¯¸åç¾å®¶; pinyin: zhÅ«zÇ bÇijiÄ; Wade-Giles: chu-tzu pai-chia; literally 'various philosophers hundred schools') was an era of great cultural and intellectual expansion in China that lasted from 770 to 222 BC.
		The School of Naturalists or Yin-yang (é°é½å®¶/é´é³å®¶; YÄ«nyÃ¡ngjiÄ; Yin-yang-chia; 'School of Yin-Yang') was a Warring States era philosophy that synthesized the concepts of yin-yang and the Five Elements.
		Ancient Dynasties: IIThe Ancient Dynasties: II The Hundred Schools of Thought The Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, though marked by disunity and civil strife, witnessed an unprecedented era of cultural...
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Hundred_Schools_of_Thought.html (1919 words)

	China The Hundred Schools of Thought - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From the Hundred Schools of Thought came many of the great classical writings on which Chinese practices were to be based for the next two and onehalf millennia.
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the School of Literati (ru), often called the Confucian school in the West.
		Still another school of thought was based on the doctrine of Mo Zi (470-391 B.C.?), or Mo Di.
	www.workmall.com /wfb2001/china/china_history_the_hundred_schools_of_thought.html (1106 words)

	Exploring Chinese History :: Culture :: Philosophy :: Hundred Schools of Thought
		The Hundred Schools of Thought (Chinese: 諸子百家; Pinyin: zhū zǐ bǎi jiā) was an era of great cultural and intellectual expansion in China that lasted from 770 to 222 BCE.
		Though the school did not survive through the Qin Dynasty, Mohism was seen as a major rival of Confucianism in the period of the Hundred Schools of Thought.
		The Logicians were a school that grew out of Mohism, with a philosophy that is said to have parallels with that of the Ancient Greek sophists or dialecticians.
	www.ibiblio.org /chinesehistory/contents/02cul/c04s02.html (1106 words)

	Hundred Flowers Campaign Summary
		Mao adopted the slogan of "Let a hundred flowers bloom together, let the hundred schools of thought contend" and invited intellectuals to voice criticism of party cadets and government policies.
		The Hundred Flowers Campaign, also termed the Hundred Flowers Movement, (Simplified Chinese: 百花运动; pinyin: bǎihuā yùndòng) is the period referring to a brief interlude in the People's Republic of China from 1958 to 1966 during which the Communist Party authorities permitted or encouraged a variety of views and solutions to ongoing problems.
		The accepted school of thought at the time was a branch of Marxism, which was re-interpreted by Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong into the guiding ideology of the early 1950s.
	www.bookrags.com /Hundred_Flowers_Campaign (1492 words)

	[No title]
		During this period, a four-tiered class structure emerges consisting of the lesser nobility (including scholars), the peasant farmers, the artisans, and the merchants, with the merchants holding the lowest position in society.
		Hundred Schools of Thought, this era sees the emergence of several schools of political philosophy, including the four main schools: Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism and Legalism.
		A condition of unrest unfolds for the next two hundred years as remnants of the old empire fight againt invading barbarians.
	eawc.evansville.edu /chronology/chpage.htm (937 words)

	Hundred Schools of Thought - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		Mohism is still another school of thought was based on the doctrine of Mo Zi (470 - c.
		Mo Zi also believed that unity of thought and action were necessary to achieve social goals.
		Although Moism failed to establish itself as a major school of thought, its views are said to be "strongly echoed" in Legalist thought.
	www.music.us /education/H/Hundred-Schools-of-Thought.htm (1270 words)

	Hundred Schools of Thought - China Style
		The four most influential schools of thought that evolved during this period were Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, and Legalism.
		The hundred schools of thought showed the fierce political and class struggles for survival among regional wars between the rising landed class and slaveholder class.
		The flouring thoughts intensified activities and debates in the intellectual and ideology system in ancient China and exerted great influence on Chinese culture.
	library.thinkquest.org /05aug/01780/essential/milestones.htm (698 words)

	Chinese History - Zhou Dynasty 周 literature, thought, and philosophy (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		The third practical school was that of Coalition persuaders (zonghengjia ç¸±æ©«å®¶), meaning geographical vertical coalitions and horizontal coalitions, with or against the state of Qin in the west.
		Rivals of the Confucians were two schools of thought, that are not very known outside of China.
		The relationship between the Hundred Schools and their difference is mostly shown in their unlike interpretation and emphasis of underlying terms like dao é“ ("way"), de å¾· ("virtue"), ren ä» ("humanity"), yi ç¾© ("righteousness"), li ç¦® ("etiquette") and li ç ("order").
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Zhou/zhou-literature.html (0 words)

	Schools of Thought
		Every school of thought is like a man who has talked to himself for a hundred years and is delighted with his own mind, however stupid it may be.
		Lord Robbins and the London School of Economics.
		Economics at the New School for Social Research.
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/thought.htm (81 words)

	Hundred Schools of Thought
		The four most influential schools of thought that evolved during this period were Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, and Legalism.
		The hundred schools of thought showed the fierce political and class struggles for survival among regional wars between the rising landed class and slaveholder class.
		The flouring thoughts intensified activities and debates in the intellectual and ideology system in ancient China and exerted great influence on Chinese culture.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_23009.htm (0 words)

	Chinese History - Zhou Dynasty å‘¨ literature, thought, and philosophy (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		The third practical school was that of Coalition persuaders (zonghengjia ç¸±æ©«å®¶), meaning geographical vertical coalitions and horizontal coalitions, with or against the state of Qin in the west.
		The second school is that of the Divine Farmer (nongjia è¾²å®¶), proposing the equality of everyone, thus forcing even a king to engage in farming.
		The relationship between the Hundred Schools and their difference is mostly shown in their unlike interpretation and emphasis of underlying terms like dao é“ ("way"), de å¾· ("virtue"), ren ä» ("humanity"), yi ç¾© ("righteousness"), li ç¦® ("etiquette") and li ç ("order").
	www.chinaknowledge.org /History/Zhou/zhou-literature.html (1014 words)

	Hundred (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The standard SI prefix for a hundred is "hecto-".
		The Roman numeral for hundred is C (for centum).
		See also: Hundred (division), century, the year AD One hundred and one / One-O-One
	www.black-science.org /wikipedia/h/hu/hundred.html (99 words)

	Little Known Stories from History: Hundred Schools of Thought
		The Logicians' school of thought was similar to western logic.
		Therefore, the school of uniting and breaking up was only popular for 2 or 3 decades and its contribution to China is not as great as that of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism.
		The ancient Chinese called all schools of thought the "three religions and nine schools." The three referred to Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.
	www.pureinsight.org /pi/index.php?news=4003 (3402 words)

	AllRefer.com - China - The Hundred Schools of Thought \| Chinese Information Resource
		From the Hundred Schools of Thought came many of the great classical writings on which Chinese practices were to be based for the next two and onehalf millennia.
		The body of thought that had the most enduring effect on subsequent Chinese life was that of the School of Literati (ru), often called the Confucian school in the West.
		Still another school of thought was based on the doctrine of Mo Zi (470-391 B.C.?), or Mo Di.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/china/china16.html (1215 words)

	Green Left - Absorbing, moving tale of modern China (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It's 1957 and Mao calls on people to air their criticisms of the party and government bureaucracy: to “let a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend”.
		This supposed move to liberalisation took China by surprise but, as Mao later explained, it was merely a device, a trick to “entice the snakes out of their lair”.
		Grass was ordained to be “bourgeois”, so hundreds of thousands of Chinese on their hands and knees pulled grass by hand.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1994/163/8690 (844 words)

	Warring States Project \| The Hundred Voices (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An 03rd century Chinese philosopher complained of the "hundred" schools of thought in his time; they seemed to him just so many errors.
		The purpose of The Hundred Voices is to present some samples from that debate, to explain them, and to link them into a history of early Chinese thought.
		The story of classical Chinese thought the story of that effort to understand, and then to shape, the course that events were taking.
	www.umass.edu /wsp/hundred (473 words)

	Chinese Political Slogans
		This slogan, used during the Hundred Flowers period of 1956-57, harked back to the distant past during the Warring States period (476-221 BC) when many different schools of philosophy existed in China.
		The modem 'Hundred Schools of Thought' were the criticisms of the Communist Party which Mao invited in late 1956, partly in response to the Hungarian uprising.
		The ferocity and scale of the discontent which the Hundred Flowers campaign revealed severely shook the Party leaders, and in 1957 many of those who had offered their criticisms were punished as part of the Anti-Rightist Campaign, set in motion to eradicate the 'poisonous weeds' which had sprung up in such alarming numbers.
	sacu.org /slogans.html (1110 words)

	Relating Confucianism to everyday real life
		But its emphasis on humanism, expressed as being right and benevolent, was accepted by most other schools of thought through the free debate of 2,200 years ago.
		Therefore, it is not really an appropriate thing to do, neither for being true to history nor for understanding its importance, for people to narrow down their teaching about Confucius to just a couple of small collections of the master's quotations.
		It was primarily because so many people acted in the way that they thought right and benevolent, and provided themselves as examples of their moral beliefs.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2005-12/12/content_502598.htm (768 words)

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