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	Hungarian Literature
		Hungarian, in spite of a certain harshness, is particularly well suited for oratory and for serious poetry, especially since it has been systematically developed and enriched by Révai, Kazinczy, and a school of so-called neologists, c.
		Hungarian literature, a markedly national product, was always in closest contact with the historical development of the people, and accordingly may be divided into five periods.
		Culture and literature were suddenly brought to a standstill by the invasion of the Turks and the consequent devastation of bishoprics, monasteries, and schools, and later through the divisions and confusion of the Reformation.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/h/hungarian_literature.html (2681 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hungarian Literature
		Together with the Vogul-Ostiak, Hungarian, as well as Lappish, Finnish, Cheremis, Mordvin, and Samojed, belongs to the Ural group of languages, and further, together with Turkish and Mongolian — all of Asiatic origin — to the Ural-Altaic group.
		The oldest monument of the Hungarian language is a funeral oration, "Halotti beszéd", about 1230, and a hymn on the Virginity of Our Lady, c.
		The drama, both in Latin and Hungarian, was cultivated in the numerous schools of the Jesuits and later in those of other religious orders.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07560a.htm (2707 words)

	Hungarian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Hungarian is a highly inflected language in which nouns can have up to 238 possible forms.
		The earliest Hungarian literature, dating from the 12th century, was in Latin.
		Hungarian literature flourished during the 18th and 19th centuries.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/hungarian.htm (274 words)

	LÓRÁNT CZIGÁNY: A HISTORY OF HUNGARIAN LITERATURE
		It explores the rich variety of Hungarian literature from the beginnings to the emerging authors of the 1970s, and is the first work to include material on writers who have left their country for political reasons.
		The author gives a general outline of the stages of growth of Hungarian literature with brief descriptions of the major intellectual movements, a critical survey of all the major authors, and short sketches of the minor ones, together with some indication of their more significant works.
		The author believes, however, that it is not solely a record of the collective experience of a people whose chief claim is that they have preserved their national identity throughout the vicissitudes of history, but also a distinct voice in the description of the human condition in all its diversity.
	mek.oszk.hu /02000/02042/html/index.html (517 words)

	Hungarian Studies Program
		The young Hungarian linguist Thomas A. Sebeok was appointed in charge of the Hungarian and Finnish groups.
		The teaching of Hungarian at IU continued after the War, and due to the activity of Professor Sebeok, who was backed by the internationally minded President of the University, Herman B. Wells, a variety of area studies and language programs took root.
		Hungarian language and linguistic studies continued under the guidance of Professor Alo Raun, an Estonian exile who had studied in the Eötvös College at Budapest in the early 1930s and was a brilliant speaker of Hungarian.
	www.indiana.edu /~ceus/hungarian/narrative.html (1277 words)

	Hungarian literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hungarian literature is literature written in the Hungarian language, predominantly by Hungarians.
		Hungarian literature may also include literature written in another language than Hungarian (mostly Latin) which is significant due to its Hungary-related topic or if it includes fragments in Hungarian.
		In the earliest times Hungarian language was written in a runic-like script (although it was not used for literature purposes in the modern interpretation).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hungarian_literature (951 words)

	Hungarian literature - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		In the last quarter of the same century, Hungarian literature was given fresh life with the work of György Bessenyei, while Ferenc Kazinczy led a reform of the Hungarian language.
		The establishment of a national theater and the founding in 1825 of the Hungarian Academy of Science assured the development of a national literature.
		The revolt of Oct., 1956, whose participants included a number of prominent writers, was followed by a gradual easing of censorship; with the collapse of the Communist regime, censorship ended.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-hungarilit.html (519 words)

	Timeless Nation Chapter 28
		The mystic attraction of the Hungarian soil is expressed in the moving picture of the "Outcast Stone" (cf.
		Attila Jozsef (1905-1937), the son of a deserted mother in a Budapest slum, was the representative of the urban proletariat in modern Hungarian poetry.
		His novels, short stories and plays present a compassionate and realistic picture of the misfits of’ Hungarian society during the first decades of the century: the selfish peasant, the irresponsible gentry, the foolish, frustrated: middle-class woman, the violent outlaw ("betyar") and the greedy village-merchant.
	www.hungarian-history.hu /lib/timeless/chapter28.htm (2379 words)

	Renaissance literature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Renaissance literature is European literature, after the Dark Ages over an extended period, usually considered to be initiated by Petrarch at the beginning of the Italian Renaissance, and sometimes taken to continue to the English Renaissance and into the seventeenth century.
		The general tone of Polish literature was set by the nobility, who propagated their own ideals of material and spiritual values.
		Hungarian literature flourished under the reign of King Matthias (1458–1490).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Renaissance_literature (859 words)

	LLRX -- Introduction to Hungarian Law Research
		Hungarian Parliament (National Assembly) is a legislative body whose range of law-making activity is extensive and whose structure is unicameral consisting of 386 members.
		Every Hungarian citizen at the age of 18 and over has the right to vote, and is at the same time eligible to be a candidate for elective office.
		The Library of the Hungarian Parliament is the national special library and information center of legal literature.
	www.llrx.com /features/hungarian.htm (1803 words)

	TRANSYLVANIA IS HUNGARIAN!
		This was a direct result of the Hungarian concept of freedom, as well as the respect toward the freedom of others, which permeated the entire Hungarian state-concept, and enabled the Hungarians to rule the Carpathian Basin successfully for a thousand years.
		Even after 1711, when Hungarian political independence was completely lost to Habsburg oppression, Hungarian culture in Transylvania not only kept in step with the cultural evolution of the rest of the country, but in many instances it became the guiding force of spiritual and cultural resistance.
		Hungarians are subject to constant discrimination, Hungarian signs are painted over or not allowed at all, intimidation by Gheorghe Funar is carried out against Hungarians on a daily basis aimed at driving out all Hungarians from this ancient Magyar land.
	www.angelfire.com /nm/hun (2356 words)

	Encyclopædia Britannica \| article page
		This romance was the one original piece in the flow of the mere entertainment literature characteristic of the 16th century, the principal genre of which was the széphistória ("beautiful story"), adapted from western European originals.
		Ferenc Kölcsey was a deputy in the Hungarian parliament and a brilliant orator; his literary criticism was of a high standard, though unduly severe.
		Lajos Kassák, the first significant poet of the Hungarian avant-garde, who also wrote a remarkable autobiography depicting working-class life at the beginning of the century; and Dezso Szabó, whose large, uneven expressionistic novel Az elsodort falu (1919; "The Village That Was Swept Away") combined antiwar sentiment with a romantic cult of the peasantry.
	homepages.compuserve.de /dbforum/hunglit00.htm (4107 words)

	CHAPTER 3 OF HUNGARIAN AND THEIR COMMUNITIES IN CLEVELAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Hungarians in Cleveland were organizing dramatic presentations and choirs before a definite community structure evolved.
		Hungarians were described by the Cleveland Plain Dealer in 1927 as "omniverous readers," and the number of Hungarian books drawn from the foreign book section of certain libraries demonstrated that this was in fact true.28 Rice Public Library, located at East 116th Street and Buckeye Road, acquired over 1,000 Hungarian books to meet the demand.
		The Cleveland Hungarian Self-Culture Society was founded on the west side in 1902 by twelve young men for the preservation and promotion of Hungarian culture.
	clevelandmemory.org /Hungarians/pg208.htm (2641 words)

	Central Europe Review - Hungarians Read their Way to Success (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		There was a Budapest coffee house and a Hungarian restaurant and Hungarian folk music and the sounds of Liszt and Bartok could be heard at venues throughout the city.
		Ninety four Hungarian publishers had booths at the Fair and it was an ideal opportunity for Hungary to promote its writers and publishing houses, as well as the culture and country as a whole.
		Hungarian writers, poets, and intellectuals have traditionally been elevated to the stature of heroes and the most important cultural authorities.
	www.ce-review.org /99/24/chapman24.html (2280 words)

	sara molnar
		There were some good and illuminating observations in the Hungarian media about the rationale for this double neglect including the incapability of Hungarian society to confront its proto-nazi and fascist history, Hungarians' roles in the genocide of Hungarian Jews in 1944, and the existince and continuous re-occurrence of anti-Semitism.
		The lack of responsibility towards the holocaust in Hungarian society could be one reason why many readers and critics did not/do not understand or did not/do not want to understand the irony and self-irony in Kertész's prose, one of the important poetical features of his fictional narrative and took offence at this irony.
		Another frequent manner of interpreting Kertész's books in Hungarian literary reception is that the commentators identify with one of the author's heroes or with the author himself and "correct" what is being said or argue with their views as if the work were a philosophical study instead of fiction.
	clcwebjournal.lib.purdue.edu /clcweb03-1/molnar03.html (3211 words)

	HungarianAmerica Foundation, Inc. - Hungarian Language Program
		After graduation she taught Hungarian in Budapest at Szinyei Merse Pál Általános Iskola és Gimnázium (from the 5th to 12th grade) and at the same time in the Internatinal Language School (for foreigners).
		As a high school teacher she taught literature and grammar first in Tokaj, and later in Budapest, at the same time teaching Hungarian as a second language at Interclub language school and at the Embassy of Croatia.
		She is researching and writing the contents for the new Hungarian dictionary and its monolingual version.
	www.hungarianamerica.com /language/instructors.asp (738 words)

	Hungarian Collections
		For his critical articles on Hungarian literature and language, Watts was elected an Honorary Member of the Hungarian Academy.
		Most Hungarian authors are represented by their standard collected edition and many of the first edition of their single works.
		From the 1950s, however, Hungarian publications of research value in the humanities and social sciences and the history of sciences have been received on a broad scale through purchase and exchanges with principal Hungarian libraries.
	www.bl.uk /collections/easteuropean/hungarian.html (1161 words)

	Hungarian Literature by Albert Tezla
		A grammar of the Hungarian language devised to assist with learning the general and literary language and, at the same time, to set forth the distinctive principles and character of the language that govern matters of form and the meaning of words and sentences.
		A grammar of the Hungarian language, the section on pronunciation providing a detailed history of individual sounds and the one on accidence covering word roots, compound words, the formation and conjugation of verbs, the formation of nouns and adjectives, and the declension of nouns.
		The theories and history of the reform of the Hungarian language, with major attention to the period from around the middle of the 18th century to the end of the 19th.
	mek.oszk.hu /00000/00018/html/dok-01.htm (9766 words)

	HungarianAmerica Foundation, Inc.
		Currently, she is the holder of the Kluge Staff Fellowship at the Library working on what will eventually be a book examining Hungarian literature from the point of view of its political and social commitment.
		Author of several articles on Hungarian and comparative literature, she has also been active in Hungarian and literary professional organizations, presenting papers at a wide variety of venues.
		She is the Executive Director of the American Hungarian Educators Association, and received the Presidential Gold Medal of Hungary from Árpád Göncz in 1997.
	www.hungarianamerica.com /haf/bio_Basa.asp (142 words)

	Teaching and Learning Hungarian
		This is the Hungarian Radio's article about the events and the historical background of the age with audio records of the "Nemzeti Dal" presented by different actors.
		From the homepage of this Hungarian commercial TV channel a collection of video clips are available (from the news and entertainment programmes) produced by the station.
		The Balassi Bálint Institute, founded on the 1 January 2002 by the Ministry of Education, was launched to perform all the duties related to the preservation, development, presentation, spreading and research of the Hungarian language and culture within and beyond the borders.
	www.ecml.at /html/hungarian/html/teaching_learning_main.htm (3383 words)

	Greatest Hungarian Poets
		Latinizing of the culture after Hungary's conversion to Christianity delayed the rise of an indigenous literature, and the Hungarian language was first used to translate religious matter, the earliest known text originating around 1200.
		From the mid-18th century to the 1848 War of Independence, literary growth was accelerated by the Enlightenment, romanticism, and opposition to the Habsburgs.
		The scope of Hungarian literature was further expanded by the classicism of Mihaly Babits; the realistic fiction of Zsigmond MORICZ; the sophisticated plays of Ferenc MOLNAR; the fiction of Tibor DERY, Lajos Kassak, Gyula Krudy, and Laszlo Nemeth; and the poetry of Attila JOZSEF, Gyula Illyes, and Sandor Weores.
	www.zoltech.net /h/poets.html (1154 words)

	hungarian minor
		The program awards a certificate of proficiency upon the awarding of a baccalaureate degree to students who can demonstrate an ability to comprehend, speak, read, and write Hungarian as attested by grades of B or better in 6 credits of work completed in courses conducted in Hungarian at or above the 300 level.
		Students from homes in which Hungarian is spoken but who have not had academic training in the language normally take 01:535:121 before taking 01:535:201, 202.
		Native speakers of Hungarian with academic training in the language must receive departmental permission before enrolling in any course.
	seell.rutgers.edu /pages/hunmin.html (188 words)

	Media Guide: The Big Book: Reading and writing in 'Western'by Zsolt Farkas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Bloom divides the corpus into four ages: the "Theocratic Age" (from the beginning of literature to the Middle Ages), the "Aristocratic Age" (from the Renaissance to Classicism), the "Democratic Age" (from Romanticism to the end of the 19th century), and the "Chaotic Age" (20th century).
		It became immediately evident that, although Hungarian works seemingly belong to Western literature, their canonical value must be different than if the books were chosen from a Hungarian perspective.
		Zsolt Farkas is a Hungarian literary critic and the author of two published and two forthcoming volumes of essays on topics related to recent Hungarian literature, contemporary French and American philosophy, literary theory, and psychology.
	www.mediaguide.hu /book/bookID40.html (1867 words)

	\| hlo - Hungarian Literature Online
		Still, from time to time, we hear voices which talk, in tones of disapproval or apology, about it being overrated, bemoaning the stormy success of a work supposedly inferior to other pieces of the oeuvre.
		Gábor Gyukics (1958) translates Hungarian poetry into English, American poetry into Hungarian, and is also a poet in his own right, writing in both languages.
		Having sold around fifty thousand copies, it turned out to have become a canonised part of highbrow literature while also breaking through the previously hermetic boundaries of the genre and reaching the wider reading public.
	www.hlo.hu (745 words)

	Hungarian books about Hungarian history, art, music, folk art, folk instruments, Hungary, Budapest, Balaton, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Hungarian books about Hungarian history, art, music, folk art, folk instruments, Hungary, Budapest, Balaton, Transylvania, Romania, Jewish, Lutheran, Christian, museums, churches, bibles, prayers, castles, mountains, kings, queens, folktales, poems, stories, language, and more are available at Hungarian Folk Art and Fine Art.
		Hungarian books about Hungarian history, art, music, folk art, folk instruments, Hungarian museums, churches, bibles, prayers, castles, mountains, kings, queens, folktales, poems, language, and more are available at Hungarian Folk Art and Fine Art.
		Hungarian Folktales: "Palkó the Piper", "The Cowherd's Daughter", and "A Pinch of Salt",
	www.hungarianfolkart.com /books.html (1839 words)

	IU Bloomington: Russian and East European Institute
		The György Ránki Chair in Hungarian Studies at Indiana University was established in 1979 (as the Hungarian Chair) and is funded jointly by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Indiana University.
		Graduate students in Hungarian studies at IU regularly compete for and are awarded national grants for dissertation research and language study in Hungary from funding agencies such as the U.S. Department of State, Fulbright Program, International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX), American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS), and American Council for International Education (ACTR/ACCELS).
		In addition, a Hungarian Coffee Hour convenes once a week, at least two Hungarian films are shown each semester, two Hungarian potluck picnics are held each year, and guest speakers are invited regularly to address IU students, faculty, and community members.
	www.indiana.edu /~reeiweb/index/hungarian.shtml (1768 words)

	CNN.com - Hungarian wins literature Nobel - Oct. 10, 2002
		A concentration camp survivor who drew on his experience to write about the cruelty of fate has won the Nobel Prize for literature.
		Hungarian novelist Imre Kertesz, who was deported to Auschwitz as a teenager in 1944 before being moved to Buchenwald, was awarded the prestigious $1 million award on Thursday for his portrayal of people being subjected to social forces.
		The 72-year-old, who was born in Budapest, was praised by judges for writing that upholds "the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history."
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/10/sweden.nobel.lit/index.html (401 words)

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