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	Hupa/Yurok Complex
		The Hupa Valley is 8 miles long and the Trinity River runs through it to join the Klamath River at the base of the valley.
		In the Hupa Valley is a plentiful area.
		Of this the Hupa usually ate acorns, deer and salmon, all of which were very plentiful.
	www4.hmc.edu:8001 /humanities/indian/basketry/Hupa-Yurok.html (1561 words)

	- Supplements
		HupA seems to inhibit the activity of acetylcholine esterase — so the breakdown of acetylcholine is slowed and the strength and duration of the nerve impulse is improved.
		The effects of HupA have been investigated in laboratory and clinical settings — with the overall findings that HupA is known to be a potent, reversible and selective inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase, with a rapid absorption and penetration into the brain in animal tests.
		In another study of teenage Chinese students, the effect HupA on memory and learning performance was studied using a double-blind, matched pair, placebo controlled design in which 34 pairs of students complaining of memory inadequacy were given HupA (100mcg HupA, taken twice per day) or a look-alike placebo for 4 weeks.
	www.supplementwatch.com /supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=309 (1079 words)

	Hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hupa, Native American tribe of Athapaskan stock, originally occupying a number of small villages along the Trinity River in the Hoopa Valley of northwestern California, and now gathered on a United States government reservation in the same region.
		Hupa culture, similar to the culture of the Yurok and Karok tribes, is the southernmost example of the indigenous cultures of the Pacific Northwest, although it lacks certain characteristic features of the northern tribes, such as secret societies, masks, totem poles, and potlatch ceremonies.
		Like the tribes of the Northwest, the Hupa base many of their customs, such as marriage by purchase, and social distinctions, such as the assumption of chieftainship, upon wealth; an aristocracy of the wealthy in earlier days commanded the services of its debtors as slaves.
	autocww.colorado.edu /~blackmon/E64ContentFiles/AnthropologyAndCultures/Hupa.html (290 words)

	Hupa Indian Tribe
		The population in 1888 was given as 650; in 1900, 430; in 1905, 412.
		The Hupa depended for food on the deer and elk of the mountains, the salmon and lamprey of the river, and the acorns and other vegetal foods growing plentifully about them.
		The Hupa took deer also with snares of a strong rope made from the fiber of the iris, or chased them into the water with dogs and pursued them in canoes.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/athapascan/hupaindiantribe.htm (1000 words)

	The Hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The traditional territory of the Hupa people centers on the Hoopa Valley of northwestern California and includes all of the lower course of the Trinity River.
		Social rank among the Hupa was calculated almost exclusively upon the basis of wealth.
		Hupa religious practice included world-renewal rituals known as the White Deerskin and Jumping Dances.
	www.californiahistory.net /2_natives/hupa.htm (179 words)

	North Coast Journal - Sept. 30, 2004: COVER STORY - Pride of Nations: North Coast tribes celebrate museum opening in ...
		The Hupa religion is one based on balance, explained George, who is the religious dance leader of the tribe and keeper of the regalia.
		George's grandmother told him of the time the Hupa tribe formally petitioned the federal government for permission to perform their sacred dances, and it was granted on one condition.
		Passage of the law allowed the Hupa to seek the return of a number of ceremonial items -- headdresses, dance costumes and baskets -- many of them taken away in the early 1900s at a time when the federal government was trying to "civilize" tribes by outlawing many of their cultural practices.
	www.northcoastjournal.com /093004/cover0930.html (3357 words)

	Hupa Indians battle to reclaim Trinity River
		The Hupas are looking out for their own interests, to be sure, but with their growing clout, they're adding an important new perspective to the debate over California's water supplies.
		The next big task facing the Hupas is the physical restoration of their river, whose configuration was dramatically transformed by four decades of minimum flows.
		But the Hupas' commitment goes even deeper than the calloused-hand environmentalism of the fishermen: The salmon the Hupas fight for is not only their staff of life but a centerpiece of their culture, one that involves elaborate ceremonies celebrating their return to the Trinity each year.
	www.msaj.com /Trinity082204.htm (1470 words)

	Hupa History- Hoopa Valley Tribe
		The Hupa People successfully avoided the physical destruction of their valley homeland, and in modern times created one of the first successful Self-Governance Tribal structures in the nation.
		Further confirmation of the ownership by the Hupa Tribe of the Hoopa Valley Reservation came on October 31, 1988 with President Ronald Regan's signature on Public Law 100-580, the Hoopa/Yurok Settlement Act.
		The Hupa People have occupied their lands since time immemorial, and the past century has really been the shortest in our history.
	www.hoopa-nsn.gov /culture/history.htm (1213 words)

	Hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Many Hupa shamans were women, and among their neighbors, the Yurok and the Karok, as well as among the more distant Wiyot on the coast, male shamans were rare.
		Hupa shamans acquired the power to cure disease by dreaming and dancing.
		As the construction of a weir is a communal undertaking, the catch is divided each evening according to the requirements of the various families.
	www.murrieta.k12.ca.us /alta/grade4/tribes/hupa.html (386 words)

	Better Nutrition: Attention Baby Boomers! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In a study conducted at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Washington, D.C., it was recently further validated that huperzine A (HupA) is an excellent pre-treatment, preventative agent and brain booster for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the associated conditions of dementia.
		Compared to existing prescription drugs, HupA, as a nutritional supplement, has better therapeutic indices for human patients, too, and its potential peripheral side effects are minimal at the therapeutic dose ranges (averaging 100 micrograms daily).
		It has been validated that HupA is a potent blocker of the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), which breaks down acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter essential for memory and brain function.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FKA/is_9_61/ai_59538619 (675 words)

	Danny Ammon's Hupa Language Web Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I am putting this Web Page together to assist others in trying to learn to speak the Hupa Language as well as to help me in my study of the language and attempt to improve my own speaking ability.
		Hupa Indian Language Classes have been a place of learning for me. The classes meet weekly on the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation in northwestern California.
		I taught a 3-unit Introductory Hupa Language class at D-Q University in Spring '96 and Fall '96 semesters.
	www.dcn.davis.ca.us /~ammon/danny/Hupa/HupaLanguage.html (266 words)

	Genetic characterization of the gene hupA encoding the HU-2 protein of Escherichia coli. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Genetic characterization of the gene hupA encoding the HU-2 protein of Escherichia coli.The rpoBC is located approximately 10 kb proximal to the hupA gene, and rrnE about 8 kb distal to it.
		Thus, the direction of hupA gene transcription is clockwise on the E. coli map [Bachmann B.J., Microbiol.
		The gene hupA encoding the HU-2 (HU-alpha) protein of Escherichia coli was mapped between rpoBC at 90 min and metA at 90.5 min on the K-12 genome by plasmid integration and P1-mediated transduction studies.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/5860678.html (112 words)

	Primary structure and mapping of the hupA gene of Salmonella typhimurium. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Primary structure and mapping of the hupA gene of Salmonella typhimurium.The most abundant type II DNA-binding protein is HU.
		Salmonella hupA was cloned, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined.
		Comparison of hupA of E. coli and S. typhimurium revealed that the HU-2 proteins were identical and that there was high conservation of nucleotide sequences outside the coding frames of the genes.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/5851411.html (222 words)

	Encyclopedia of North American Indians - - Hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Food resources were varied and abundant for the Hupas, although salmon, deer, and acorns provided the bulk of their diet.
		The Hupas remained undisturbed until the 1850s, when the discovery of gold brought hordes of would-be miners swarming into the area, wreaking havoc on the Hupas' villages, disrupting their subsistence cycles, and causing serious conflict.
		This neglect allowed depredations against the Hupas to proceed unchecked, even though Fort Gaston was established at Hoopa in 1858 "for their protection." The Interior Department established the Hoopa Valley Reservation in 1864 and a boarding school in 1893.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_016100_hupa.htm (705 words)

	Writing and Indigenous Language Preservation
		The writing activities described in Appendix B of this paper illustrate the Language Proficiency Method, which is used in the Hupa Language, Culture, and Education Program of the Hoopa Valley Tribe in a variety of classes, ranging from preschool through high school.
		Because the Hupa Language, Culture, and Education Program is a second language program, it is important to consider carefully various approaches for teaching second languages.
		These range from a Hupa story told by the teacher to questions and answers about Hupa life, to games that involve play with cultural concepts, to student performances of Hupa plays (See Appendix B for sample activities for each level).
	www2.nau.edu /~jar/RIL_7.html (5232 words)

	Hupa Land Return (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Hupa people have struggled for years to have the disputed acreage returned to their tribe.
		The disputed parcel holds the remains of the members of the Tish-tang band of the Hupa.
		The issue brings to mind the racist, exploitative U.S. record of dealing with Indian tribes across the U.S. The Indian Claims Commission, created in 1946, documented that the title to over 60 per cent of the aboriginal American Indian lands were obtained fraudulently.
	www.humboldt.edu /~jmg2/hupa.html (441 words)

	GeoNative - Hupa - Kato - Wailaki - Sinkyone
		Orri honetan, iparraldeko Kaliforniako honako hizkuntza atapaskarrak ditugu zerrendatuak: Hupa, Kato, Sinkyone, Wailaki.
		There are several subgroups among them, and we have placenames from the Tsnungwe Tribe, located on the Trinity River, South Fork of the Trinity River, and New River.
		Hupa herria ipar mendebaldeko Kalifornian bizi da, gehienak Hoopa Valley erreserban.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/wailaki.html (488 words)

	Untitled Document
		Plate 452-The Salmon Stream, 1923-Plate owned by THE CURTIS COLLECTION-A Hupa youth is waiting with poised spear for the shadowy outline of a salmon lurking in a quiet pool and gathering its strength for a dash through a tiny cascade.
		These areas are the resort of innumerable waterfowl, which were of great importance to the aboriginal Klamath, and thousands of acres were a mass of water lilies, which yielded in abundance an edible seed.
		Plate 467-Principle Female Shaman of the Hupa, 1923-Plate owned by THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION-Many Hupa shamans were women, and among their neighbors, the Yurok and the Karok, as well as among the more distant Wiyot on the coast, male shamans were rare.
	curtis-collection.com /tribe%20data/portfolio%20index/portfolio13.html (1695 words)

	California Indian History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Here Yurok, Karok, Hupa and other tribes fought the increasingly paranoid and aggressive Americans who routinely murdered them, stole their children and burned their villages.
		Jack Norton, a Hupa historian characterized the situation as a "deranged frontier".
		This led to the establishment of the Hupa Valley Reservation in August of 1864.
	ceres.ca.gov /nahc/califindian.html (8338 words)

	hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The resources of the Hupa area are owned by individuals, and their shaman have a tradition of ridge walking the sacred trails of the mountains in the area where they live.
		They traded with the Yurok to their west and north for redwood dugout canoes, fish, seaweed and dentalia shells, which the Yurok in turn had obtained from the Tolowa, and which the Hupa traded to the Shasta along with acorns, baskets and salt.
		The Chilula were similar to the Hupa in language and culture, according to the Handbook of North American Indians, and were sometimes guests in the Hupa "World Renewal Dance." They lived on the lower part of Redwood Creek and used dip nets and spears to take salmon.
	bss.sfsu.edu /calstudies/NativeWebPages/hupa.html (278 words)

	Hupa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hupa, a wooden motor boat, was built by George Lawley and Sons, Neponset, Mass., in 1905; was acquired by the Navy from her owner, L. Carey of Boston in June 1917; and commissioned 10 July 1917 at Boston.
		Assigned to the 1st Naval District, Hupa served as a patrol craft in Cape Cod Bay and Cape Cod Canal, based at Provincetown, Mass.
		She was struck from the Navy List 25 October 1919 and offered for sale, finally being sold to the Hyde Engineering Works of Montreal, Canada 12 March 1920.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/h9/hupa.htm (106 words)

	Hupa Language and the Hupa Indian Tribe (Hoopa, Chilula-Whilkut)
		Hupa is an endangered Athabaskan language of California.
		Only a few elders are still fluent in the Hupa language, but some young people are working to keep their ancestral language alive.
		Curtis' early 20th-century ethnography of the Hupa Indians.
	www.native-languages.org /hupa.htm (171 words)

	Hupa Karok Yurok Indian Baskets of California - from CaliforniaBaskets.Com - Hupa Karok Yurok Hoopa Karuk Indian Basket ...
		Hupa Karok Yurok Indian Baskets of California - from CaliforniaBaskets.Com - Hupa Karok Yurok Hoopa Karuk Indian Basket Marketplace
		The Hupa Group lived among the Klamath River areas of Northwest California.
		The Hupa used twining and open twining techniques with false embroidery.
	www.californiabaskets.com /pages/hupahome.html (326 words)

	FDI - Hupa
		The Hupa were sedentary hunter/gatherers that relied heavily on salmon fishing.
		They were located on the middle course of the Trinity River and on the New River.
		Yurok and Hupa of the Northern Coast http://www4.hmc.edu:8001/humanities/indian/ca/ch10.htm
	www.fourdir.com /hupa.htm (107 words)

	InfoDome - California Indians and Their Reservations
		At the heart of the Hoopa Valley is the ancient village of Takimildin, which is "the center of the world" for the Hupa people.
		Their self-designation was Natinook-wa, "People of the Place Where the Trails Return." Hupa is from the Yurok language for the Hoopa Valley.
		The Hupa were culturally and linguistically related to three neighboring tribes: the Chilula and Whilkut who lived mainly to their east; and the South Fork Hupa (Tsnungwe) who lived to the south.
	infodome.sdsu.edu /research/guides/calindians/calinddictdl.shtml (2693 words)

	Hupa Basket With A Lid - Rare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		With two floors of antiques and outdoor areas to explore, it is an adventure the whole family will enjoy.
		This Northern California Hupa basket measures 5 1/2" across and about 4 1/2" tall.
		It appears that it had a flange on the lid that has be cut off, making it a little harder to keep the lid in place.
	antiques-internet.com /colorado/adobewalls/dynapage/IP2117.htm (163 words)

	Hupa Artifacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Hupa, Yurok and Karuk peoples live in northern California, strung out along the Klamath and Trinity River valleys.
		As such, it is difficult to discern from exactly which culture many of the artifacts from this area derive, and we have grouped them together under the term "Hupa".
		The Logan Museum has a number of objects from the Klamath River area, including baskets, leather and shell goods.
	www.beloit.edu /~museum/logan/catalog/namerica/california/hupa (78 words)

	HIS - PTA (HuPA)
		Husky Parents' Association (HuPA) is an organization which aims at increasing parent understanding of educational issues, increasing communication of important ideas through the parent community, and to fundraise to help improve our school programs.
		There are many ways both big and small to get involved in HuPA, so talk to other parents to find out how you can lend a hand.
		To contact HuPA, please drop a note in the HuPA mailbox at the HIS office.
	www.his.ac.jp /parents/hupa.html (175 words)

	Hupa & Tsnungxwe Language Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Sean O'Neill: Space, Time, and Metaphor in Hupa
		David Embick's Home Page (includes articles on Hupa and Athapaskan)
		Notes on Hupa from E.S. Curtis (includes photos)
	www.billabbie.com /calath/huindex.html (36 words)

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