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Topic: Hyaline cartilage

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Cartilage

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	Cartilage
		Permanent cartilage (cartilage which does not become ossified) is found in the tip of the nose, in the external ear and in the walls of the trachea (windpipe) and the larynx (voice-box).
		Hyaline cartilage occurs in trachea, the larynx, the tip of the nose, in the connection between the ribs and the breastbone and also the ends of bone where they form joints.
		Hyaline cartilage is responsible for the longitudinal growth of bone in the neck regions of the long bones.
	www.botany.uwc.ac.za /sci_ed/grade10/mammal/cart.htm (533 words)

	Blue Histology - Skeletal Tissues - Cartilage
		Cartilage is rather rare in the adult humans, but it is very important during development because of its firmness and its ability to grow rapidly.
		occurs in the epiglottic cartilage, the corniculate and cuneiform cartilage of the larynx, the cartilage of the external ear and the auditory tube.
		The darker hue of the cartilage close to the bone is caused by the calcification of the cartilage.
	www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au /mb140/CorePages/Cartilage/Cartil.htm (1837 words)

	[No title]
		Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage differ in appearance and mechanical proper ties, owing to differences in the composition of their extracellular matrix.
		As fetal cartilage is replaced by bone, hyaline cartilage remains in the epiphyseal plates at the ends of lone: bones, allowing these bones to lengthen between birth and adulthood.
		In humans, elastic cartilage is found in the auricle of the external ear, the walls of the external auditory canals and auditory tubes, the epiglonis, and the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages of the larynx.
	www.loyno.edu /~chood/histnotescb.html (5444 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 279
		—Cartilage is a non-vascular structure which is found in various parts of the body—in adult life chiefly in the joints, in the parietes of the thorax, and in various tubes, such as the trachea and bronchi, nose, and ears, which require to be kept permanently open.
		In the fetus, at an early period, the greater part of the skeleton is cartilaginous; as this cartilage is afterward replaced by bone, it is called temporary, in contradistinction to that which remains unossified during the whole of life, and is called permanent.
		Cartilage is divided, according to its minute structure, into hyaline cartilage, white fibrocartilage, and yellow or elastic fibrocartilage.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page279.html (616 words)

	Exercise 7: Cartilage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hyaline cartilage serves as the structural model, and the other two forms are described with reference to it.
		Hyaline cartilage is admirably adapted to use as a bearing surface.
		Elastic cartilage is found in the pinna of the ear, the walls of the Eustachian tube, and in the epiglottis—all places in which the maintenance of a specific shape is important to proper function.
	education.vetmed.vt.edu /Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab7/Lab7.htm (2438 words)

	Cartilage Structure and Function
		The predominant collagen in articular cartilage is type II while the predominant collagen in meniscus is type I. The third major component of cartilage are the proteoglycans.
		As was mentioned in the section of cartilage composition, the interaction between the fluid and solid phase of the cartilage plays a significant role in the mechanical behavior of cartilage.
		In this case, cartilage is subjected to a fixed displacement at point B. We see a large rise of stress in the graph at the right at point B. Because the fluid cannot immediately leave, it carries a good portion of the load.
	www.engin.umich.edu /class/bme456/cartilage/cart.htm (2083 words)

	Cartilage
		The strength and durability of cartilage are properties of the matrix, which is an interlaced network of collagenous and/or elastic fibers in a ground substance, a gel of complex proteoglycans.
		Hyaline cartilage is found lining articular surfaces, and in the nasal septum, tracheal rings, costal cartilages, and the epiphyseal cartilage of growing bone.
		Compare the appearance of the cells of the cartilage islands in the fibrocartilage with those of hyaline cartilage and of dense connective tissue.
	ect.downstate.edu /courseware/histomanual/cartilage.html (727 words)

	Cytology Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This "articular" cartilage is a form of hyaline cartilage, covered by synovial membrane producing synovial fluid, which fills the joint cavity.
		HYALINE CARTILAGE - found predominately in the larynx, trachea and bronchi, anterior ends of ribs, synovial joints and forms a fetal skeleton upon which bone is reconstructed.
		Elastic cartilage is distinguished by the presence of elastic fibers in the matrix.
	www.fsu.edu /~histo/thre~1.htm (982 words)

	Cartilage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cartilage is found in many places in the body including the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes and between intervertebral discs.
		Hyaline cartilage is found lining bones in joints (articular cartilage or, commonly, gristle) and is also present inside bones, serving as a center of ossification or bone growth.
		Elastic cartilage (also called yellow cartilage) is found in the pinna of the ear and several tubes, such as the walls of the auditory and eustachian canals and larynx and especially in the epiglottis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cartilage (1172 words)

	Cartilage Summary
		In general, cartilage is a tough, fibrous and blood vessel-free connective tissue that forms flexible linkages (such as in the ribs), supporting structures (such as in the ears and nose), and acts as a shock absorber in joints such as the knee.
		Compositionally, hyaline cartilage is made of water (75% by weight), collagen (10% by weight, mainly collagen type II), with the remainder being nonfibrous material, such as chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate.
		Fibrocartilage (also called white cartilage) is a specialised type of cartilage found in areas requiring tough support or great tensile strength, such as between intervertebral disks, the pubic and other symphyses, and at sites connecting tendons or ligaments to bones.
	www.bookrags.com /Cartilage (3030 words)

	CARTILAGE AND BONE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The perichondrium is a dense, relatively thin condensation of CT at the surface of the cartilage.
		Between the hyaline cartilage that constitutes the end of each vertebra is an intervertebral disc and intervertebral ligaments.
		In the intermediate region, the nuclei of the chondrocytes are situated in lacunae between distinct collagen fibers; the lacunae are the characteristic that distinguishes fibrocartilage from dense fibrous connective tissue, and the visible fibers distinguish it from hyaline cartilage.
	medocs.ucdavis.edu /CHA/402/labsyl/01/10.htm (1560 words)

	Hyaline cartilage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hyaline cartilage consists of a gristly mass of a firm consistence, but of considerable elasticity and pearly bluish color.
		The cells are contained in cavities in the matrix, called cartilage lacunae; around these the matrix is arranged in concentric lines, as if it had been formed in successive portions around the cartilage cells.
		Hyaline cartilage also contains chondrocytes which are cartilage cells that produce the matrix.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hyaline_cartilage (316 words)

	Articular cartilage repair [KNEEinsights]
		Articular cartilage is found in all moving joints in the body (synovial joints) and its role is to protect the bones by keeping the surfaces of the bones apart from each other, to absorb shock and to help make movement smooth.
		Hyaline cartilage is a hard, white shiny material with a unique structure that creates a surface that allows the bones to glide easily past each other as the knee joint moves.
		Cylindrical plugs of articular cartilage attached to subchondral bone are taken from a non-weighting bearing area of the knee such as the edges of the femoral condyle with an instrument similar to a small apple corer.
	www.kneeguru.co.uk /insights/doku.php/articular-cartilage/overview (6203 words)

	News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The elusive goal of articular cartilage restoration is a straightforward, cost efficient, simple to implement method of initiating hyaline cartilage repair at the time of index evaluation when indicated.
		Cartilage treatment at the time of index arthroscopy remains controversial and insurance companies applying their own interpretations of what is "medically necessary" further cloud this.
		Until this is possible in the human, for larger lesions, it is desirable to have as close to hyaline cartilage as now possible (autologous cultured chondrocytes, or allograft) to be able to accept the higher loads experienced in these larger lesions (greater than 2 square centimeters).
	www.cartilagerestoration.org /news/news6.html (1526 words)

	hyaline cartilage
		The cartilage is enclosed in a dense sheath of connective tissue called the perichondrium.
		The yellow arrow is outlining the vocalis muscle while the green arrow is outlining the hyaline cartilage found in the vocal chords.
		Note that the hyaline cartilage on the articular surfaces of the bone is not covered by perichondrium.
	www3.umdnj.edu /histsweb/lab4/cartilage/lab4hyaline.html (707 words)

	Chester Knee Clinic \| Knee Problems - Articular Cartilage Damage
		Cartilage is frequently injured, often as a result of sports related trauma, but due to its avascular nature, articular cartilage has very limited capacity for repair.
		The fibrocartilage is made to resist tension forces, while the hyaline cartilage is made to resist compression forces, to enable smooth articulation, and to withstand long-term variable cyclic load and shearing forces.
		The dead spaces between circular grafts, the lack of integration of donor and recipient hyaline cartilage, different orientation, thickness and mechanical properties of donor and recipient hyaline cartilage are further sources of clinical concern.
	www.kneeclinic.info /problems_articular_cartilage.php (2055 words)

	Histology - Cartilage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Slides #44 and UCSF #53 are from the pinna of the ear stained with aldehyde fuchsin and Masson's trichrome (#44) or elastic van Gieson's stain (#53).
		Elastic cartilage can be readily identified in routine HandE sections as well as shown in slide #44H [Mac] [WinHome] which is from the epiglottis.
		As with hyaline cartilage, fibrils of type II collagen are present, but they cannot be seen in the light microsope.
	www.umich.edu /~mededlrc/histology/musculoSkel/cartilage.html (716 words)

	Lab Exercises-Cartilage
		Moving inside the hyaline cartilage, note the chondrocytes embedded in their lacunae in the homogeneous matrix.
		This is a higher magnification of hyaline cartilage in the trachea showing the chondroblasts in the perichondrium and the chondrocytes in the lacunae and the matrix.
		This cartilage differs from hyaline cartilabe because it contains a considerable amount of elastic fibers which are stained bluish fl.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /microanatomy/bone/cartilage_lab.htm (355 words)

	Cartilage Regeneration and Repair
		The treatment of hyaline cartilage injury and degeneration is a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons.
		Hyaline cartilage pathology accounts for a large portion of office practice and operative procedures, but treatment remains unpredictable.
		The hyaline cartilage did not integrate with the surrounding tissue, a tidemark was present and there was surface irregularity.
	www.orthojournalhms.org /volume1/html/cartilage_repair.html (3243 words)

	News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		An area of agreement in "all camps" of cartilage restoration is that if malalignment exists, it must be corrected at the time of cartilage restoration treatment or prior to the cartilage restoration treatment.
		Cartilage restoration techniques in the face of malalignment have high incidences of failure and, therefore, are not advised.
		There may be instances in which a certain grade of hyaline-like cartilage tissue is quite acceptable; in fact, in certain instances, standard fibrocartilage may be acceptable (possibly for lesions less than 2 cm2 with otherwise normal mechanics and alignment).
	www.cartilagerestoration.org /news/news3.html (1771 words)

	cartilage
		As articular cartilage, hyaline is found covering the articular surfaces of bones in synovial joints.
		Hyaline cartilage also forms the costal cartilages where ribs attach to the sternum and is the precursor to bone in most of the embryonic skeleton.
		Hyaline cartilage subsequently appears as a very uniform, glossy type tissue with evenly dispersed chondrocytes in lacunae.
	www.mhhe.com /biosci/ap/histology_mh/cartilag.html (677 words)

	CARTILAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hyaline cartilage contains cells called chondrocytes embedded in a unique matrix that gives the tissue both strength and flexibility.
		Find hyaline cartilage in your trachea slide, (45) and look for the chondrocytes housed in their spaces called "lacunae".
		Cartilage can grow from the outside (appositional growth) and from within (interstitial growth).
	www.cytochemistry.net /microanatomy/bone/cartilage.htm (211 words)

	Articular Cartilage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Articular cartilage, also called hyaline cartilage, is the smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of all the diarthrodial joints in the human body.
		The solid phase of articular cartilage consists primarily of type II collagen and aggrecan, a chondroitin and keratan sulfate proteoglycan.
		The calcified zone is partly mineralized, and acts as the transition between cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~msbioe/hyaline.html (446 words)

	Hyaline cartilage - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- filler material of cartilage is composed of proteoglycan aggregates w/ chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate as chief glycosaminoglycans;
		The effects of exposure of articular cartilage to air.
		The induction of neochondrogenesis in free intra-articular periosteal autografts under the influence of continuous passive motion.
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/hyaline_cartilage (330 words)

	Hyaline cartilage
		Examples: Hyaline cartilage is found within the wall of the trachea and the walls of the bronchi of the lung.
		Bars of hyaline cartilage (the costal cartilages) connect ribs to sternum.
		Hyaline cartilage, shown at right, has fine, closely-packed collagen fibers.
	www.pc.ctc.edu /hart/crtbone/index.html (153 words)

	FIbrocartilage
		Fibrous cartilage can be distinguished by the presence of cells in lacunae aligned in rows and wavy, eosinophilic bundles of collagen fibers in the matrix.
		Between the hyaline cartilage capping the end of each vertebrae is an intervertebral disc and intervertebral ligaments.
		In the region where ligaments join hyaline cartilage there is an transition zone of fibrocartilage.
	www3.umdnj.edu /histsweb/lab4/cartilage/lab4fibrocartilage.html (369 words)

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