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Topic: Hyaluronidase

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Hyaluronic acid

Acrosome

Cell membrane

Flagellum

Sperm

	Preparation of human placental hyaluronidase - Patent 3945889
		Human placental hyaluronidase preparation is prepared by extracting hyaluronidase from human placenta with an aqueous alkaline solution, harvesting globulin fraction from the extract, selectively adsorbing hyaluronidase contained in the fraction on an anion exchanger such as DEAE-Cellulose and eluting it, gel-filtrating the eluate, and lyophilizing the filtrate into powder.
		The process for preparing a hyaluronidase preparation according to claim 3, wherein the anion exchanger is a polysaccharide gel with basic groups, a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer gel with basic groups or a phenol formaldehyde resin with basic groups.
		Hyaluronidase itself has also been called as the "Spreading Factor" because of the property it has of enhancing the diffusion in tissues by modifying the permeability of tissue in vivo, and preparation of hyaluronidase obtained from the animal testis has widely been applied clinically in order to get better absorption of injected drugs.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /3945889.html (2769 words)

	Hyaluronidase
		The hyaluronidases (EC 3.2.1.35) are a family of enzymes that degrade hyaluronic acid.
		In human fertilization, hyaluronidase is released by the acrosome of the sperm cell after it has reached the oocyte, by digesting proteins in the zona pellucida, thus enabling conception.
		Purified hyaluronidase is used clinically for the intradermal administration of large volumes of fluid when intravenous injections are contraindicated.
	www.fibrofix.com /Hyaluronidase.html (606 words)

	Hyaluronidase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By catalyzing the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid, a major constituent of the interstitial barrier, hyaluronidase lowers the viscosity of hyaluronic acid, thereby increasing tissue permeability.
		In most mammalian fertilization, hyaluronidase is released by the acrosome of the sperm cell after it has reached the oocyte, by digesting proteins in the zona pellucida, thus enabling conception.
		On December 2, 2005, the FDA approved a recombinant hyaluronidase, Hylenex® (Halozyme Therapeutics).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hyaluronidase (228 words)

	FDA Approves Vitrase (Hyaluronidase for Injection)
		Hyaluronidase has been used most commonly in combination with local anesthetics in the setting of ophthalmic (eye) surgery.
		Hyaluronidase increases tissue permeability and promotes the spread or dispersion of other drugs, for example, speeding the onset of action for an anesthetic.
		Clinical studies have shown hyaluronidase to be effective and that most adverse reactions which may occur with the use of hyaluronidase are allergic reactions.
	www.fda.gov /bbs/topics/ANSWERS/2004/ANS01287.html (306 words)

	Hyaluronidase(Parenteral-Local) - [Medication] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hyaluronidase hye-al-ur-ON-i-dase is a natural substance found in the body.
		Hyaluronidase is collected from either cows or pigs.
		Hyaluronidase is used with other drugs given under the skin to improve their uptake by the body.
	www.luhs.org /health/kbase/htm/mdx-/drde/5005/87/mdx-drde500587.htm (816 words)

	Effect of hyaluronidase on mortality and morbidity in patients with early peaking of plasma creatine kinase MB and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Effect of hyaluronidase on mortality and morbidity in patients with early peaking of plasma creatine kinase MB and non-transmural ischaemia.
		Hyaluronidase (500 U/kg given every six hours for 48 hours) had no effect on mortality or infarct size in the overall population.
		Hyaluronidase was associated with improved survival in patients with early peaking of plasma creatine kinase MB, suggesting the possibility of salvage of myocardium in patients who have early spontaneous reperfusion and possibly after therapeutic reperfusion.
	www.rti.org /abstract.cfm?pubid=7304 (381 words)

	Hyaluronidase and Hyaluronan in Streptococcus intermedius biofilms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Objectives: The aim was to investigate the role of hyaluronidase on growth and biofilm formation in the presence or absence of hyaluronan.
		The effect of hyaluronidase on growth was assessed by growing the wild type and HA in casamino acid medium (Cas) with hyaluronan or glucose as the carbohydrate source.
		Conclusion: Hyaluronidase may be implicated in biofilm formation both in the presence and absence of hyaluronan.
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/eur05/techprogram/abstract_67951.htm (324 words)

	Expression analysis of three isoforms of hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase in the synovium of knees in ...
		Among five homologous isozymes in humans, hyaluronidase-1, -2, and -3 are thought to be expressed in synovium and involved in hyaluronan degradation, since hyaluronidase-4 is a chondroitinase and hyaluronidase-5, the sperm-specific enzyme PH-20, is specifically expressed in sperm [30].
		Hyaluronidase activity was detected in human knee synovial fluid of OA or RA patients when the assay was performed at the acidic pH of 4.5, but not at pH 5.0-7.0 [43].
		Differential expression of hyaluronan synthases and/or hyaluronidases may be reflected in the pathological metabolism of hyaluronan in the knee synovial fluid of patients with OA or RA.
	bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de /ar1223/text.htm (3904 words)

	Hyaluronidase therapy for acute myocardial infarction: results of a randomized, blinded, multicenter trial. MILIS Study ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hyaluronidase therapy for acute myocardial infarction: results of a randomized, blinded, multicenter trial.
		A total of 851 patients were randomly assigned to hyaluronidase (500 National Formulary units/kg intravenously every 6 hours for 48 hours) or placebo therapy with a mean of 9.4 +/- 0.1 hours after the onset of pain.
		These findings indicate there is no overall benefit from administration of hyaluronidase more than 9 hours after the onset of AMI, but do not exclude the possibility that such therapy could be of value if given earlier, or if given to a subgroup of patients with sufficient residual flow to the area of AMI.
	www.rti.org /abstract.cfm?pubid=7298 (201 words)

	Hyaluronidase enhancement of TNF-mediated cell death is reversed by TGF-beta 1 -- Chang 273 (6): C1987 -- AJP - Cell ...
		L929 cells were pretreated with hyaluronidase for 24 h, followed by removal of hyaluronidase and culturing under serum-free conditions for 24 h.
		Hyaluronidase enhances the activity of adriamycin in breast cancer models in vitro and in vivo.
		Hyaluronidase significantly enhances the efficacy of regional vinblastine chemotherapy of malignant melanoma.
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/6/C1987 (3815 words)

	HYALURONIDASE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hyaluronidase has a rapid temporary depolymerising action on hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide component of the intracellular matrix, thereby rendering the tissues more permeable to injected or excess fluids.
		Hyaluronidase is not generally necessary when the daily SC infusion is 𕟪L/24h.
		Hyaluronidase is not used at Hayward House or Sir Michael Sobell House.
	www.palliativedrugs.com /content/monographs/HYALURONIDASE.html (278 words)

	Cloning and recombinant production of polistinae venom enzymes, such as phospholipase and hyaluronidase, and ...
		Likewise, the present invention extends to an isolated polypeptide comprising an immunomodulatory portion of a T cell epitope of a Polistinae venom enzyme, wherein the polypeptide is encoded by an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention.
		Consequently, in a preferred embodiment, a pharmaceutical composition of the invention comprises an immunomodulatory T cell epitope of Polistes annularis venom phospholipase A.sub.1, or hyaluronidase or an antigenic portion of a B cell epitope of Polistes annularis phospholipase A.sub.1, or hyaluronidase.
		The present invention is directed to recombinant nucleic acid molecules encoding Polistinae venom enzymes, such as phospholipase and hyaluronidase, and immunomodulatory fragments, derivatives or analogs thereof, and polypeptides encoded by such nucleic acid molecules useful in the diagnosis and therapy of vespid venom-specific allergy.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6652851.html (13795 words)

	Chondrocytes, synoviocytes and dermal fibroblasts all express PH-20, a hyaluronidase active at neutral pH \| Arthritis ...
		Although oxygen-derived free radicals are known to fragment HA randomly [15], one cannot exclude the possible role of hyaluronidases, because mammalian hyaluronidases, in contrast to bacterial ones, yield a heterogeneous mixture of oligosaccharides and HA fragments of various sizes.
		Thus far, the only human hyaluronidase known to be active at neutral pH is the sperm adhesion molecule 1, also termed PH-20, which enables the sperm to penetrate the HA-rich cumulus oophorus [16,17].
		Further, both the hyaluronidase activity eluted from the immunoaffinity gel and that of the preparation of bovine testicular hyaluronidase disappeared when the HA substrate gels were incubated in the presence of apigenin (Fig.
	bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de /ar1730/text.htm (6624 words)

	Reduction of Paraphimosis with Hyaluronidase
		The use of hyaluronidase for reduction of paraphimosis is not well known, although it has been used for this purpose for at least 11 years (C. D., personal experience, and personal communication with Robert Kindrachuk, M. Subdermal introduction of hyaluronidase obviates the need for forceful reduction of the prepuce or a dorsal slit procedure.
		Hyaluronidase is contraindicated in the presence of infection or cancer because it could facilitate the spread of bacteria or malignant cells.
		Clark, LE, and Mellete JR: The use of hyaluronidase as an adjunct to surgical procedures.
	www.cirp.org /library/treatment/phimosis/devries (602 words)

	Hyaluronidase for cervical ripening and induction of labour
		Hyaluronidase for cervical ripening and induction of labour
		Hyaluronidase injected into the cervix increased cervical favourability but its effect on induction of labour is unknown and its use is not recommended
		Cervical injection of hyaluronidase was postulated to increase cervical ripening.
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/en/ab003097.html (448 words)

	FDA approves hyaluronidase for injection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hyaluronidase has been used most often in combination with local anesthetics in the setting of ophthalmic surgery.
		The efficacy of hyaluronidase was evaluated and confirmed under the Drug Efficacy Study Implementation process in l970.
		Hyaluronidase should not be used to reduce the swelling of bites, stings, and infected or inflamed areas because of the possibility of spreading localized infections.
	www.pharmacist.com /articles/h_ts_0533.cfm (212 words)

	HYAL1 Hyaluronidase in Prostate Cancer: A Tumor Promoter and Suppressor -- Lokeshwar et al. 65 (17): 7782 -- Cancer ...
		Hyaluronidase is crucial for the spread of bacterial infections,
		gene in this locus is not one of the hyaluronidase genes (31–33).
		Hyaluronidase activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase is necessary for protection of L929 fibrosarcoma cells from staurosporine-mediated cell death.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/65/17/7782 (4626 words)

	A Plasma Membrane-Associated Hyaluronidase Is Localized to the Posterior Acrosomal Region of Stallion Sperm and Is ...
		A Plasma Membrane-Associated Hyaluronidase Is Localized to the Posterior Acrosomal Region of Stallion Sperm and Is Associated with Spermatozoal Function -- Meyers and Rosenberger 61 (2): 444 -- Biology of Reproduction
		A Plasma Membrane-Associated Hyaluronidase Is Localized to the Posterior Acrosomal Region of Stallion Sperm and Is Associated with Spermatozoal Function
		Gmachl M, Kreil G. Bee venom hyaluronidase is homologous to a membrane protein of mammalian sperm.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/61/2/444 (5188 words)

	Cataract & Refractive Surgery Today
		Hyaluronidase is a spreading enzyme used in various forms of anesthesia since 1949.
		Because this compounded hyaluronidase is not FDA approved, it is subject to rules, regulations, procedures, and availability that differ both between states and among hospitals and ASCs within the same city and state.
		The absence of FDA approval for a new source of hyaluronidase, as well as the lack of approval for simple and obviously helpful devices such as the capsular tension ring, are cases of res ipsa loquitur (the thing speaks for itself!).
	www.crstodayarchive.com /03_archive/0503/13.html (1216 words)

	Sub-Tenon's local anaesthesia: the effect of hyaluronidase -- Rowley et al. 84 (4): 435 -- British Journal of ...
		A prospective, randomised, double blind study was used to investigate the effect of hyaluronidase on the quality of block
		There were 76 patients in the "with hyaluronidase" group and 74 patients in the control group and the two groups were similar
		The effect of hyaluronidase on akinesia during cataract surgery.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/84/4/435 (1239 words)

	Worthington Hyaluronidase
		Hyaluronidase catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucose and D-glucose residues in hyaluronate.
		Specificity: Testicular hyaluronidase hydrolyzes the endo-N-acetylhexosaminic bonds of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfuric acids A and C (but not B), primarily to tetrasaccharide residues (Ludowieg et al.
		Khorlin, A., Vikha, I., and Milishnikov, A.: Subunit Structure of Testicular Hyaluronidase, FEBS Lett 31, 107, 1973
	www.worthington-biochem.com /HSE/default.html (1606 words)

	ISTA :: Products :: Vitrase
		Hyaluronidase has been found to be a spreading or diffusing substance, which modifies the permeability of connective tissue through the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid, a polysaccharide found in the intercellular ground substance of connective tissue, and of certain specialized tissues, such as the umbilical cord and vitreous humor.
		Hyaluronidase temporarily decreases the viscosity of the cellular cement and promotes diffusion of injected drugs.
		When no spreading agent is present, material injected subcutaneously spreads very slowly, but hyaluronidase causes rapid spreading, provided local interstitial pressure is adequate to furnish the necessary mechanical impulse.
	www.istavision.com /products/products_vitrase.asp (140 words)

	Hyaluronidase
		The French and Russian equivalents of the N.I.H. Have been involved in clinical studies of honey bee venom, and in the US the Army has looked extensively at the chemical compounds in bee venom.
		Honey bee venom contains at least 18 active substances by simply looking at the uses of one of these chemicals, hyaluronidase, we hope to show just how useful bees can be.
		Hyaluronidase is involved in the inflammatory response of venom, with the softening of tissue and the facilitation of flow of the other substances.
	www.3dchem.com /molecules.asp?ID=27 (1051 words)

	Role of Hyaluronidase in Subcutaneous Spread and Growth of Group A Streptococcus -- Rivera Starr and Engleberg 74 (1): ...
		hyaluronidase was not sufficient for the movement of bacteria
		The extracellular hyaluronidase gene (hylA) of Streptococcus pyogenes.
		Analysis of a second bacteriophage hyaluronidase gene from Streptococcus pyogenes: evidence for a third hyaluronidase involved in extracellular enzymatic activity.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/74/1/40 (5083 words)

	Hyaluronidase as a liquefying agent for chemical analysis of vitreous fluid
		Hyaluronidase as a liquefying agent for chemical analysis of vitreous fluid
		Because glycosaminoglycans contribute significantly to the viscosity of vitreous humor, we used hyaluronidase as a liquefying agent.
		Hyaluronidase treatment negated the need for sample dilution and had no significant effect on the analyses.
	www.astm.org /JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/4571.htm (275 words)

	Cumulus Removal-University of Florida Bovine IVP
		Prepare stock solution of 10,000-units/ml hyaluronidase in sterile saline in a sterile beaker.
		Place 1 aliquot (100 ml) of hyaluronidase stock in the incubator/oven (38.5°C) at least 2 hours prior to using.
		After all COC have been placed in the tube, place the tube on a slide warmer or incubator for 1-2 minutes to let all the COC settle at the bottom of the tube.
	www.animal.ufl.edu /hansen/ivf/hyaluronidase.htm (268 words)

	Effect of Brimonidine on Rabbit Trabecular Meshwork Hyaluronidase Activity -- Benozzi et al. 41 (8): 2268 -- ...
		Hyaluronidase activity was detected in the rabbit trabecular
		Hyaluronidase activity was detected in the rabbit trabecular meshwork,
		on trabecular hyaluronidase activity remain to be established.
	www.iovs.org /cgi/content/full/41/8/2268 (2842 words)

	Hyaluronidase Induction of a WW Domain-containing Oxidoreductase That Enhances Tumor Necrosis Factor Cytotoxicity -- ...
		of hyaluronidase by tumor cells induces angiogenesis in vivo (6).
		A, exposure of L929 fibroblasts to hyaluronidase (100 units/ml) resulted in a time-dependent increase in Wox1 gene expression (~150% increase in 8 h; 40 µg of total RNA/lane).
		C, stimulation of L929 cells with hyaluronidase (100-200 units/ml) for 24 h resulted in the increased expression of 46- and 30-kDa WOX1 proteins, as determined by Western blotting using antibodies against a synthetic peptide of WOX1 at the N terminus.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/5/3361 (6380 words)

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