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Topic: Hydrated iron oxide

	Rust - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is a mixture of iron oxides and hydroxides.
		Iron is found naturally in the ore hematite as iron oxide, and metallic iron tends to return to a similar state when exposed to air, (hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc) and water.
		Hydrated iron oxide is permeable to air and water, meaning that the metal continues to corrode after rust has formed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rust (652 words)

	Limonite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is not a true mineral, but rather a mixture of similar hydrated iron oxide minerals, mostly goethite with lepidocrocite, jarosite, and others.
		Iron caps or gossans of siliceous iron oxide typically forms as the result of intensive oxidation of sulfide ore deposits.
		These gossans were used by prospectors as guides to buried ore. In addition the oxidation of sulfide deposits which contained gold mineralization often resulted in the concentration of gold in the iron oxide and quartz of the gossans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Limonite (480 words)

	Encyclopedia: Iron oxide
		The iron content of soils is typically in the range of 0.5% to 5%, and is dependent upon the source rocks from which the soil was derived, transport mechanisms, and overall geochemical history.
		Ferrous iron is soluble as a cation, ferric iron is not.
		A process for at least partially reducing iron oxides comprises forming a bed of reactants on a hearth of a rotary hearth furnace, the reactants comprising (a) mixture of iron ore fines and particulate carbonaceous material and/or (b) micro-agglomerates of iron ore fines and particulate carbonaceous material.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Iron-oxide (993 words)

	Thin-walled, monolithic iron oxide structures made from steels, and methods for manufacturing such structures - Patent ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Iron oxides of the invention consisting substantially of magnetite can be electrically heated and, therefore, can be applicable in applications such as electrically heated thermal insulation, electric heating of liquids and gases passing through channels, and incandescent devices.
		An iron oxide structure of the invention containing predominantly magnetite, which is magnetic and electrically conductive, can be electrically heated and, therefore, can be applicable in applications such as electrically heated thermal insulation, electric heating of liquids and gases passing through channels, and incandescent devices which are stable in air.
		Iron oxides of the invention which are electrically conductive, such as magnetite, can be electrically heated and, therefore, can be applicable in applications such as electrically heated thermal insulation, electric heating of liquids and gases passing through channels, and incandescent devices.
	freepatentsonline.com /5814164.html (7441 words)

	Iconofile Store: Product: Goethite
		A yellow to brown mineral consisting of hydrated iron oxide, usually present in the oxidized portions of iron ore deposits, and the commonest constituent of many forms of iron oxide.
		Today, ochres are understood to be natural clay formations enriched by hydrated iron oxide, usually in the form of the mineral goethite, whose contents vary from 12 to 75%.
		Ochres are chiefly composed of different hydrated iron oxides in varying amounts with goethite forming the major constituent, together with clay, sand, chalk, gypsum, barites and occasionally silica.
	www.iconofile.com /storefront.asp?page=Goethite (474 words)

	Corrosion
		Oxides are formed in case of all the metals, but they are most distinctly visible in case of Iron and Steel, in form of flaking and pitting.
		The reason being that, the Oxide in Iron does not adhere to the surface of Iron and Steel, whereas in case of Aluminum and Zinc, they form a tough oxide coating, which strongly bonds to the surface of the metal, thus, preventing surface from exposures to Oxygen and Corrosion.
		This hydrated forms of Iron oxide is porous and brittle and this we call rust in the common language.
	sreechem.com /Corrosion.htm (1141 words)

	Method of producing hydrated iron oxide - Patent 4597958 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In a method of producing a hydrated iron oxide as a starting material for a magnetic powder by aging a suspension of a ferric hydroxide prepared by reacting a ferric salt with an aqueous solution of alkali, the aging temperature is controlled between 20.degree.
		While the hydrated iron oxide of this method has the advantage of eliminating the branching, there are disadvantages that it is difficult to control the particle size and particularly it is difficult to obtain the fine particle and that the range of a particle-size distribution is wide.
		Also, in order to produce a hydrated iron oxide of relatively small particle size, it is only necessary that the temperature and time of a crystal nucleus generating period are increased and after the number of crystal nuclei generated is large enough, an aqueous solution of alkali is added to cause the crystal growth.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4597958.html (2216 words)

	Processes for producing hydrated iron oxide and ferromagnetic iron oxide - Patent 5911905
		The hydrated iron oxide produced by the process outlined above may be subjected to the fourth step of heating and firing said hydrated iron oxide to form acicular hematite particles and to the fifth step of reducing said acicular hematite to magnetite.
		The thus obtained hydrated iron oxide are filtered and washed with water to remove the residual salts and so forth from the suspension and, thereafter, subjected to a post-treatment with a sinter preventive such as a silicon or phosphorus compound, filtered and washed with water again, and dried in air at 100-200.degree.
		The hydrated iron oxide obtained in EXAMPLE 2 was filtered, washed with water, repulped, treated with sodium hexameta-phosphate to achieve P doping in an amount of 0.3 wt % of the hydrated iron oxide, washed with water again and dried at 110.degree.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5911905.html (2940 words)

	Red Iron Oxide, Hematite, Red Iron Oxide Export
		Red iron oxide (Hematite), with its high Iron content is a very useful mineral and is the primary ore used to create Iron.
		Hematite is an important ore of iron and it's blood red color (in the powdered form) lends itself well in use as a pigment.
		Synthetic iron oxide powders are valued primarily for their pigmentary and magnetic properties (although not all types of iron oxide are magnetic).
	www.redironoxide.net (1681 words)

	Method for rapid reduction of iron oxide in a rotary hearth furnace - US Patent 5730775 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A method according to claim 1, wherein the proportions of iron oxide and carbonaceous material in said compact are controlled to maintain a consistent fixed carbon to iron ratio.
		The pellets then travel through a reduction zone where the pellets are subjected to a higher temperature at which the contained iron oxide is reduced and remains within the pellets and the zinc, lead and cadmium oxides are reduced, volatilized, re-oxidized and carried off as oxides in the waste gases.
		The reduced iron is protected from oxidation by: operating with a very short retention time of 4 to 10 minutes; avoiding disturbance of the protective blanket of carbon monoxide being evolved from the compacts in the final stages of reduction; and maintaining at least 1 percent excess carbon in the metallized compacts.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5730775.html (3797 words)

	limonite -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was originally considered one of a series of such oxides; later it was thought to be the amorphous equivalent of goethite and lepidocrocite, but X-ray studies have shown that most so-called limonite is actually goethite.
		Much of this iron is found in such small concentrations in other rocks, however, that it cannot be used economically for mining.
		The ores used in making iron and steel are iron oxides, which are compounds of iron and oxygen.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9048321?tocId=9048321 (596 words)

	[No title]
		Iron is an important structural metal and the major component of steel.
		Unprotected iron objects have a tendency to corrode.
		Iron and alloys of iron are used to make such things as magnets and transfomer cores.
	www.uncp.edu /home/mcclurem/ptable/iron/fe.htm (421 words)

	Wikinfo \| Rust
		Iron is found naturally in the ore hematite as iron oxide, and purified iron quickly returns to a similar state when exposed to air and water.
		Unfortunately rust is unlike aluminium oxide, which forms a protective coating on aluminium to prevent further oxidation.
		As the sacrificial metal is chosen to have a higher electrode potential, it is oxidised in preference to the iron.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Rust (506 words)

	Process for producing SiO.sub.2 coated iron oxide powder for use in the preparation of acicular magnetic iron or iron ...
		The present invention relates to a process for producing a hydrated iron oxide powder used for producing an iron type acicular magnetic powder which is widely used as a magnetic powder for a magnetic recording medium.
		In usual, it is possible to select the product from the magnetic iron oxide to the magnetic metallic iron depending upon the condition in the conversion from the goethite powder to the magnetic powder by the heat treatment.
		For example, the magnetic iron oxide powder can be obtained by an interruption of the reduction by the heat treatment at the step of the reaction prior to form the metallic powder.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4309459.html (1710 words)

	Natural Mineral Pigments: Ochre, Gold
		Gold ochre is a natural earth containing clay tinted by hydrated iron oxide, such as yellow-brown limonite or brown-yellow to green-yellow goethite.
		Ochre is a natural earth containing silica and clay tinted by hydrous forms of iron oxide, such as yellow-brown limonite or brown-yellow to green-yellow goethite, and traces of gypsum or manganese carbonate.
		Depending upon the content of hydrated iron oxide, the color of ochre varies from light yellow to golden to orange.
	www.iconofile.com /pigments_ochre.asp (491 words)

	Manufacture of .gamma.-iron(III) oxide - Patent 4052326
		The oxide is obtained by dehydrating acicular hydrated iron oxide to.gamma.-iron(III) oxide, reducing the latter to magnetite and re-oxidizing the magnetite to.gamma.-iron(III) oxide.
		668,986) to the surface of the hydrated.alpha.-iron oxide needles.
		C and subsequently oxidizing the magnetic to.gamma.-iron(III) oxide, the magnetite obtained by reducing being heated in an inert gas atmosphere at temperatures of from 400.degree.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4052326.html (2004 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Patent 4,146,403 describes iron oxide-coated mica nacreous pigments which are improved by interposing a thin layer of titanium dioxide or aluminum oxide between the iron oxide and the mica.
		There is no indication in that patent that the pigments in which the titanium oxide coating may or may not be of interference thickness and the amount of iron is 11.7% or less exhibits color travel when applied to a color card, a metallic substrate or incorporated into a plastic chip.
		An iron oxide-coated titanium dioxide platelet pearlescent pigment in which the titanium dioxide coating is of interference thickness and the iron content based on the combined iron and titanium oxide coatings is 12-20%.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/58408.001005&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2729 words)

	Terra-Cotta Ochre \| Natural Pigments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Terra-cotta ochre is obtained from iron ore deposits in the Shakhlovo region of Russia.
		Ochre is a natural earth containing clay tinted by hydrated iron oxide and is composed of a naturally calcined form of limonite and goethite, and traces of gypsum or manganese carbonate.
		Like red iron oxides (hematite), they are found around the world and have been used as pigments since prehistory.
	www.naturalpigments.com /detail.asp?PRODUCT_ID=450-46S (345 words)

	Search Results for goethite - Encyclopædia Britannica
		It was originally considered one of a series of such oxides; later it was thought to be the amorphous equivalent of goethite and...
		soil layer that is rich in iron oxide and derived from a wide variety of rocks weathering under strongly oxidizing and leaching conditions.
		Iron ore consisting of hydrated iron oxide minerals such as limonite...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=goethite&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT (318 words)

	NSS Bulletin Volume 43 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Possible sources of speleothem color include: iron group ions substituting for Ca++ in the calcite structure; included clay, silt and metal oxides (mostly of iron and manganese) between the calcite crystals; hydrated iron oxide stains along grain boundaries; and organic stains incorporated into the growing crystal.
		Gascoyne has challened the long-held (but unsupported) view that the common yellow to brown colors are due to iron oxides and advances organic stains as the dominant colorant.
		The characteristic 900 nm band of the iron oxides is systematically absent.
	www.caves.org /pub/journal/PDF/V43/v43n1-White.htm (321 words)

	Iran Mineral Export, Red Iron Oxide, Red Iron Oxide Powder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Because hematite has a high iron content (70%), it is primarily used for smelting iron.
		The reddish landscape of Mars is due to the oxidized iron on its surface.
		Hematite also occurs as inclusions in a variety of other minerals, sometimes forming highly valued gem and lapidary materials such as sunstone, which is a transparent gem variety of plagioclase feldspar which can contain minute hematite or goethite inclusions which reflect light creating a sparkling sheen.
	www.bentonite.biz /Red-Iron-Oxide.htm (1627 words)

	Vw Trends: Editor's Notes
		Slight traces of carbon is added to iron to form common steel (I mean slight being roughly around 0.1 percent), and the carbon content in iron has a significant impact on the characteristics of the final alloy.
		If oxygen had combined with these two elements, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide would have been formed, and these are both hazardous gases for human beings.
		If allowed to continue, the oxygen and water will completely convert the remaining iron to ferric oxide or solid rust, which is weak and flaky, hence big holes in metal.
	www.vwtrendsweb.com /features/0304vwt_editor (961 words)

	376. Iron oxides and hydrated iron oxides (WHO Food Additives Series 6)
		IRON OXIDES AND HYDRATED IRON OXIDES BIOLOGICAL DATA BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS The vital biological role of iron is well established.
		Iron preparations have been used as the standard treatment of iron- deficiency anaemia in man and animals.
		Over 70% of the body's iron is normally present as haemoglobin, 3% as myoglobin and 16% as transport iron.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v06je23.htm (386 words)

	OCHRES - LoveToKnow Article on OCHRES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Yellow Ochres are native earths colored with hydrated ferric oxide, the brownish yellow substance that colors, and is deposited from, highly ferruginous water.
		These ochres are of two kindsone having an argillaceous basis, while the other is a calcareous earth, the argillaceous variety being in general the richer and more pure in color of the two.
		Yellow ochres are also artificially preparedMars Yellow being either pure hydrated ferric oxide or an intimate mixture of that substance with an argillaceous or calcareous earth, and such compounds by careful calcination can be transformed into Mars Orange, Violet or Red, all highly important, stable and reliable pigments.
	59.1911encyclopedia.org /O/OC/OCHRES.htm (253 words)

	Re: Making Ferric Oxide Using ELECTROLYSIS
		Iron oxide is Fe2O3 and hydrated iron oxide would be iron hydroxide Fe(OH)3.
		As the iron ions are formed, they are removed from the iron electrode into the solution.
		The iron hydroxide is insoluble, so I do not know whether it will just coat the iron electrode and shut down the whole process.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/jan99/916465288.Ch.r.html (170 words)

	Petrified Forest National Park (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Red and Pink colors are produced by the presence of hematite, a form of oxidized iron - Fe The intensity of the color depends on the quantity of hematite present in the petrified wood.
		and Fe Goethite is a hydrated iron oxide that is derived by weathering from iron bearing minerals.
		Referred to as native iron, it is quite rare in terrestrial rocks but common in meteorites.
	www.nps.gov /pefo/petwoodcolors.htm (576 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : iron : chemical reaction data
		Iron metal reacts in moist air by oxidation to give a hydrated iron oxide.
		However, iron metal reacts in moist air by oxidation to give a hydrated iron oxide.
		Iron metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid in the absence of oxygen to form solutions containing the aquated Fe(II) ion together with hydrogen gas, H
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Fe/chem.html (305 words)

	Corrosion and the Environment
		Rusting is a process of oxidation in which iron combines with water and oxygen to form rust, the reddish-brown crust that forms on the surface of the iron.
		Rusting can be prevented by excluding air and water from the iron surface, e.g., by painting, oiling, or greasing, or by plating the iron with a protective coating of another metal.
		Stainless steels are alloys of iron with such metals as chromium and nickel; they do not corrode because the added metals help form a hard, adherent oxide coating that resists further attack.
	www.lehigh.edu /~infolios/Spring2003/Wardlow/instruction/corrosion.htm (401 words)

	Beneficiation of Bauxite for Removal of Iron Oxide
		Both are closely related to one another, i.e., the wide and easy availability, and low price, of high and medium grade bauxites, and the fine dispersion of iron oxides, kaolinitic clays, calcium, and titanium minerals in the crystalline aggregates of marginal or sub marginal bauxite ores.
		Bauxite is basically a rock comprising of hydrated aluminum oxides (like gibbsite, boehmite and diaspore) and impurities in the form of silica, clay, silt, titanium minerals (like rutile, ilmenite and titania ferrous magnetite) and iron minerals (e.g.
		All iron removal processes under development in India are laboratory scale, and have not been upscaled even to a pilot plant level.
	www.tifac.com /offer/tlbo/rep/TMS159.htm (3484 words)

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