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Topic: Hydrazone

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	Hydrazone Information
		The formation of aromatic hydrazone derivatives is used to measure the concentration of light aldehydes and ketones in gases.
		The compound carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (abbreviated as FCCP) is used to "uncouple" ATP synthesis and reduction of oxygen in oxidative phosphorylation in molecular biology.
		Hydrazones are reactants in Hydrazone iodination, the Shapiro reaction and the Bamford-Stevens reaction to vinyl compounds.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Hydrazone (138 words)

	Salt of 6-carboxy-3-methylbenzothiazolone hydrazone hydrate in colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide - Patent ...
		Water soluble salts of hydrazone compounds react quickly with aniline compounds in the presence of a peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide to provide a color which can be measured spectrophotometrically or visually, either in solution or when incorporated in a device for the measurement of analytes of interest.
		The soluble hydrazone compounds of the present invention, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, react rapidly with an aniline compound to form a deeply-colored compound.
		The soluble hydrazone compounds of the present invention can be used to determine an analyte which is capable of producing hydrogen peroxide (i.e., analyte which can participate in a reaction or series of reactions which produce hydrogen peroxide) in an fluid sample.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5710012.html (8406 words)

	Hydrazone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A hydrazone is a class of organic compounds with the structure R
		The formation of aromatic hydrazone derivatives is used to measure the concentration of low molecular weight aldehydes and ketones, e.g.
		Hydrazones are reactants in hydrazone iodination, the Shapiro reaction and the Bamford-Stevens reaction to vinyl compounds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hydrazone (159 words)

	BENZOPHENONE HYDRAZONE (DIPHENYLMETHANONE HYDRAZONE)
		Hydrazone is a compound containing the group -NH·N:C-.
		Aromatic hydrazones are used to form indoles by a ring closure reaction (Fischer synthesis).
		Hydrazones and hydrazines are converted to aldehydes and ketones to corresponding hydrocarbons by heating the carbonyl compound with sodium ethoxide (Wolf-Kishner reduction).
	www.chemicalland21.com /specialtychem/finechem/BENZOPHENONE%20HYDRAZONE.htm (534 words)

	Insecticide containing hydrazone derivatives as the active ingredient and novel hydrazone derivates patent invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		[0001] The present invention to insecticides containing hydrazone derivatives as active ingredient, specifically insecticides for agricultural and horticultural use, clothing, food and housing-related use, or livestock and pet use, and to novel hydrazone derivatives useful as the insecticide.
		However, they are insufficient in control effect, limited in use due to appearance of insects with resistance thereto, occur chemical injury to plants or pollution, or have a strong toxicity to man and beast, and to fishes.
		[0018] The hydrazone derivatives which are active ingredients in the insecticides of the present invention are represented by the formula (I).
	www.freshpatents.com /Insecticide-containing-hydrazone-derivatives-as-the-active-ingredient-and-novel-hydrazone-derivates-dt20050915ptan20050203149.php (867 words)

	Presentation # 145 - Structure-Activity Relationships of Iron Chelators of the Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Class (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The relationship of lipophilicity to anti-proliferative effect was further demonstrated by the observation that, for a particular hydrazide, activity always increases as the lipophilicity of the parent aldehyde increases.
		For example, pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (111) is less active than salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (211) which, in turn, is less active than 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (311).
		Richardson DR, Milnes K: The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective anti-proliferative agents II: The mechanism of action of ligands derived from salicylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone.
	www.uclm.es /inabis2000/symposia/files/145/session.htm (2915 words)

	Potent Antitumor Activity of Novel Iron Chelators Derived from Di-2-Pyridylketone Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Involves ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The effect of EDTA, desferrioxamine (DFO), and the di-2-pyridylketone p-hydroxybenzoyl hydrazone (PKIH) analogues [PKIH, di-2-pyridylketone thiophenecarboxyl hydrazone (PKTH), di-2-pyridylketone benzoyl hydrazone (PKBH), di-2-pyridylketone m-bromobenzoyl hydrazone (PKBBH), di-2-pyridylketone p-aminobenzoyl hydrazone (PKAH), and di-2-pyridylketone p-hydroxybenzoyl hydrazone (PKHH)] on ascorbate oxidation (A) and the hydroxylation of benzoate in the presence of Fe and hydrogen peroxide (B).
		The effect of doxorubicin (DOX) and the di-2-pyridylketone p-hydroxybenzoyl hydrazone (PKIH) analogues [PKIH, di-2-pyridylketone thiophenecarboxyl hydrazone (PKTH), di-2-pyridylketone benzoyl hydrazone (PKBH), di-2-pyridylketone m-bromobenzoyl hydrazone (PKBBH), di-2-pyridylketone p-aminobenzoyl hydrazone (PKAH), and di-2-pyridylketone p-hydroxybenzoyl hydrazone (PKHH)] on the proportion of precipitable DNA in SK-N-MC neuroepithelioma cells.
		Inhibition of malignant cell growth by 311, a novel iron chelator of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class: effect on the R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/21/7365 (5473 words)

	Hydrazone iodination - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hydrazone iodination is an organic reaction in which a hydrazone is converted in a vinyl iodide by reaction of iodine and a non-nucleophilic base such as DBU
		the reaction was optimized by using a strong guanidine base, the inverse edition of the hydrazone to an iodine solution, and by exclusion of water.
		An example of this procedure is the reaction of 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone to the hydrazone by reaction with hydrazine and triethylamine in ethanol at reflux followed by reaction of the hydrazone with iodine in the presence of 2-tert-butyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (cheaper than DBU) in diethyl ether at room temperature
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hydrazone_iodination (660 words)

	Chemical & Engineering News: Latest News - Aniline Catalyzes Imine Formation
		The paper demonstrates the use of catalytically formed hydrazone and oxime linkages to combine and exchange unprotected peptides.
		Jeremy K. Sanders, chemistry department head at the University of Cambridge, in England, comments that DCC "using imines and hydrazones has many potential applications in organic and biological chemistry, but very slow kinetics places severe constraints on what can be done.
		Finn, is not necessarily a dispassionate observer but nevertheless says he believes that the Dawson group's findings "have the same kind of potential impact as proline-type organocatalysis, in applications that go well beyond small-molecule synthesis.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/news/84/i49/8449catalysis.html (535 words)

	hydrazone - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "hydrazone" is defined.
		HYDRAZONE : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
		Phrases that include hydrazone: hydrazone iodination, tosyl hydrazone
	www.onelook.com /?loc=rescb&w=hydrazone (112 words)

	HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Structure with RNase H Inhibitor Dihydroxy Benzoyl Naphthyl Hydrazone Bound at a Novel Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		One of the most potent classes of RNHIs is the N-acyl hydrazone (NAH) analogues that are derivatives of N-(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde hydrazone (BBNH) (20, 21).
		In a crystal structure of the related NAH, BBNH, the free inhibitor was co-planar, except for substituents on the benzoyl ring (M. Parniak and G. Dmitrienko, unpublished data).
		In the structure, the main-chain carbonyl of Leu228 is 3.1 Å away from the hydrazone nitrogen adjacent to the benzoyl group (Figure 4), which appears to be oriented appropriately to form a hydrogen bond.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/sample.cgi/acbcct/2006/1/i11/html/cb600303y.html (7565 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Japp-Klingemann reaction
		The Japp-Klingemann reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize hydrazones from β-keto-acids (or β-keto-esters) and aryl diazonium salts.
		The hydrazone products of the Japp-Klingemann reaction are most often used as intermediates in syntheses of more complex organic molecules.
		After hydrogen exchange, the final hydrazone 7 is produced.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Japp-Klingemann_reaction (203 words)

	W0138: Conformation and Reactivity of Hydrazone Dithioesters of Alpha-N-Heterocyclic Ketones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This reaction proceeds rapidly in quantitative yield under mild conditions and completely transforms two unreactive functional groups: the stable heteroaromatic ring of the ketone component and the dithioester moiety of 1, which is highly resistant to displacement reactions due to its
		The reaction presumably proceeds through hydrazone 2, which cyclizes to pyridotriazine 3.
		This paper describes the determination of the crystal structure of hydrazone 2 and our investigation of possible modes for its transformation into the reactive pyridinium intermediate 3.
	www.hwi.buffalo.edu /ACA/ACA00/abstracts/text/W0138.html (225 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Identification of the di-pyridyl ketone isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PKIH) analogues as ...
		Hence, three series of chelators were examined: the PCIH analogues, the 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (QCIH) analogues, and the di-2-pyridylketone isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PKIH) analogues (Figure 1).
		Both PIH and its cytotoxic analogue, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (311; Figure 1), were synthesized and characterized as reported before (Richardson and Bernhardt, 1999).
		RICHARDSON D.R. and MILNES K. (1997) The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective antiproliferative agents II: the mechanism of action of ligands derived from salicylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone and 2-hydroxy-1-napthylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone.
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v138/n5/full/0705089a.html (7335 words)

	Clinical Trial: Chelation Therapy of Iron Overload With Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone
		Chelation Therapy of Iron Overload With Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone
		To demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of orally-administered pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH) for the chronic treatment of iron overload.
		Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone: an effective iron-chelator after oral administration.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00000588?order=10 (854 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		the Shapiro reaction with a tosyl hydrazone leaving group assisted by alkyllithium
		Hydrazone iodination with a hydrazone leaving group assisted by iodine
		A Grob fragmentation with degree of unsaturation increasing in one of the leaving groups.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=elimination_reaction (881 words)

	Abgent Antibodies and Peptides
		Biomolecules are first modified with hydrazine and aldehyde modification reagents that are reactive with primary amine groups (-NH2) such as those present on the side chains of lysine residues and the N-termini of proteins.
		The hydrazine group in SANH (succinimidyl 2-hydrazinonicotinate acetone hydrazone) is protected as its acetone hydrazone.
		This alkyl hydrazone is not stable in mild acid and rapidly exchanges with an aromatic aldehyde during conjugation, yielding a stable bis-aromatic hydrazone.
	www.abgent.com /doc/KT1000a (349 words)

	Destabilization of the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimer upon Interaction with N-Acyl Hydrazone Inhibitors -- ...
		Bowie JU and Sauer RT (1989) Equilibrium dissociation and unfolding of the arc repressor dimer.
		Kopp EB, Miglietta JJ, Shrutkowski AG, Shih CK, Grob PM and Skoog MT (1991) Steady state kinetics and inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by a non-nucleoside dipyridodiazepinone, BI-RG-587, using a heteropolymeric template.
		Lanthier CM, Parniak MA and Dmitrienko GI (1997) Inhibition of carboxypeptidase A by N-(4-t-butylbenzoyl)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde hydrazone.
	molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/62/2/398 (5397 words)

	Combined Sensitisation of Benzaldehyde Diphenylhydrazones: Effect of Hydrazone Structure on Sensitization Efficiency
		Injection, spectral and combined (injection-spectral) sensitisations of several benzaldehyde diphenylhydrazones have been studied using the layers of amorphous selenium and complex compounds based on pyril dyes to broaden photosensitivity spectrum of electrophotographic carrier and to study sensitisation mechanism.
		The effect of the substituent in a benzaldehyde fragment on the efficiency of injection, spectral and combined sensitisations of benzaldehyde diphenylhydrazones has been studied.
		The ionization potentials of hydrazones were determined by the two following methods: according to the charge transfer band of hydrazone-chloranil charge transfer complexes and by means of quantum-chemical calculations of hydrazone molecules to interpret the results obtained.
	eurasianchemtech.vub.ac.be /contents/04_6_2_133.html (215 words)

	ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESES USING THE SAMP-/RAMP-HYDRAZONE METHOD: (S)-(+)-4-METHYL-3-HEPTANONE
		The flask is then cooled to 0°C and 110 mL of dry ether (Note 6) and 2.97 mL (21 mmol) of dry diisopropylamine (Note 7) are added, followed by dropwise addition of 21 mmol of butyllithium (13.1 mL of a 1.6 N solution in hexane (Note 8)).
		Stirring is continued for 10 min and a solution of 3.96 g (20 mmol) of SAMP-hydrazone (S)-2 in 10 mL of ether is added to the stirred mixture over a 5-min period at 0°C. An additional 2 mL of ether is used to transfer all of the hydrazone (S)-2 into the reaction flask.
		Stirring is continued for 4 hr at 0°C, while the lithiated hydrazone precipitates.
	www.orgsyn.org /orgsyn/orgsyn/prepContent.asp?prep=cv8p0403 (2345 words)

	In chemistry a hydrazone is a compound with the... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In chemistry a hydrazone is a compound with the...
		In chemistry, a "hydrazone" is a compound with the structure R2C=NNR2, differing from a ketone or aldehyde by the replacement of the double bonded oxygen with the =NNR2 functional group.
		The facile flow-injection spectrophotometric detection of gold(III) in water and pharmaceutical samples using 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-2-aminoacetophenone isonicotinoyl hydrazone (3,5-DMHAAINH)
	www.geodatabase.de /Hydrazone (124 words)

	Cardioprotective effects of a novel iron chelator - pyridoxal 2-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone - in the rabbit model of ...
		Cardioprotective effects of a novel iron chelator - pyridoxal 2-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone - in the rabbit model of daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity -- Sterba et al., 10.1124/jpet.106.111468 -- Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics
		Cardioprotective effects of a novel iron chelator - pyridoxal 2-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone - in the rabbit model of daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
		we aimed to assess whether pyridoxal 2-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/short/jpet.106.111468v1 (314 words)

	The Potential of Iron Chelators of the Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Class as Effective Antiproliferative Agents ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Potential of Iron Chelators of the Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Class as Effective Antiproliferative Agents III: The Effect of the Ligands on Molecular Targets Involved in Proliferation -- Darnell and Richardson 94 (2): 781 -- Blood
		The Potential of Iron Chelators of the Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Class as Effective Antiproliferative Agents III: The Effect of the Ligands on Molecular Targets Involved in Proliferation
		The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective antiproliferative agents, IV: the mechanisms involved in inhibiting cell-cycle progression
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/94/2/781 (1001 words)

	The effect of potent iron chelators on the regulation of p53: examination of the expression, localization and ...
		Darnell,G. and Richardson,D.R. (1999) The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective antiproliferative agents III: the effect of the ligands on molecular targets involved in proliferation.
		Richardson,D.R. and Bernhardt,P. (1999) Crystal and molecular structure of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (NIH) and its iron (III) complex: an iron chelator with pronounced anti-tumor activity.
		Richardson,D.R. and Milnes,K. (1997) The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective antiproliferative agents II: the mechanism of action of ligands derived from salicylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone.
	carcin.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/24/10/1601 (8336 words)

	Dalton Transactions Articles
		A series of dihydrazone and substituted dihydrazone derivatives of biacetyl and of hydrazone and phenylhydrazone derivatives of 2-acetylpyridine bind to [Ru(bipy)
		The proton NMR spectra of 1a—1c show an unusual dependence on probe temperature with broadened aromatic resonances, sharpening at both high and low temperature in the case of 1b and 1c.
		No emission was observed for complexes with two hydrazone moieties, whereas it was observed for 1g and 1h with one hydrazone.
	www.rsc.org /Publishing/Journals/DT/article.asp?doi=DT9930001577 (192 words)

	sell.com classifieds : Guinot - Hydrazone - Dehydrated Skin for sale in San Jose (2841N) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
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	www.sell.com /2841N (122 words)

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