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Topic: Hydrocephalus

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	Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Hydrocephalus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus is a build-up of fluid inside the skull, which causes brain swelling.
		Hydrocephalus is due to a problem with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
		Hydrocephalus that is caused by disorders not associated with infection has the best outlook.
	www.lifespan.org /adam/healthillustratedencyclopedia/1/001571.html (926 words)

	Pediatric Neurosurgery - Hydrocephalus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It is very important to realize that hydrocephalus is the result of some event on the nervous system and that a child's prognosis is not so much based on the hydrocephalus as the cause of the hydrocephalus.
		In early infancy hydrocephalus is usually detected by the family or pediatrician as a rapidly enlarging head.
		It is important to realize that while hydrocephalus is very treatable, the underlying cause may not be or may have caused irreversible damage to the brain.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/nsg/PNS/Hydrocephalus.html (974 words)

	www.patientcenters.com -- Hydrocephalus Centeri -- What is Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus develops when scarring of the meninges restricts the flow of CSF in the subarachnoid space, when it passes through the aqueduct of the ventricular system, or affects the absorption of CSF at the arachnoid villi.
		The possibility of hydrocephalus developing as a result of an IVH depends largely on the severity of the bleed, and whether or not blood and debris have caused an obstruction in the CSF pathways, or reduced the brain's ability to reabsorb the CSF.
		Hydrocephalus occurs when there is an obstruction of one of the ventricles or ventricular foramina (CSF passageways) that restricts the flow of CSF either within the ventricular system, the subarachnoid space, or the cisterns (reservoirs for CSF).
	www.patientcenters.com /hydrocephalus/news/whatishydro.html (5879 words)

	Facts About Hydrocephalus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus is the abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.
		Hydrocephalus exists in two forms; communicating (non-obstructive hydrocephalus) caused by inadequate absorption of CSF when the ventricular pathways are not obstructed; or noncommunicating (obstructive hydrocephalus) caused by blockage in the ventricular pathways through which CSF flows.
		Hydrocephalus is one of the most common "birth defects" and afflicts in excess of 10,000 babies each year.
	www.hydrocephalus.org /facts (996 words)

	University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital: Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is a lack of absorption, blockage of flow, or overproduction of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) that is found inside the ventricles (fluid-filled areas) of the brain.
		Hydrocephalus may be diagnosed before birth by prenatal ultrasound, a diagnostic imaging technique which uses high-frequency sound waves and a computer to create images of blood vessels, tissues, and organs.
		In many cases, hydrocephalus does not develop until the third trimester of the pregnancy and, therefore, may not be seen on ultrasounds performed earlier in pregnancy.
	www.uchicagokidshospital.org /online-library/content=P02605 (1048 words)

	Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain.
		Congenital hydrocephalus is present at birth, and may be caused by either environmental influences during fetal development or genetic predisposition.
		In addition to the common symptoms of hydrocephalus, infections from a shunt may also produce symptoms such as a low-grade fever, soreness of the neck or shoulder muscles, and redness or tenderness along the shunt tract.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/umbrain19.htm (689 words)

	HYDROCEPHALUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus is described either as obstructive or noncommunicating and non-obstructive or communicating.
		Hydrocephalus is also classified as acquired when it is caused by acquired causes or congenital.
		The commonest cause of obstructive hydrocephalus is congenital aqueduct stenosis.
	www.health.adelaide.edu.au /paed-neuro/hydro.html (2958 words)

	Hydrocephalus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus is a condition that occurs when either too much CSF is produced, the CSF is not reabsorbed into the bloodstream or the normal flow pathway is blocked.
		Hydrocephalus is a condition some infants are born with or may acquire later in life.
		It is important to determine the cause of hydrocephalus, as the treatment often depends on the cause.
	www.muhealth.org /~neuromed/hydrocephalus.shtml (990 words)

	Hydrocephalus - Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which dilated cerebral ventricles inhibit normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
		Hydrocephalus is subdivided according to the ventricular defect and the CSF pressure, high or normal.
		Hydrocephalus is usually the result of a brain infection or a malformation in the fetus prior to birth.
	www.healthscout.com /ency/68/419/main.html (543 words)

	NeurosurgeryToday.org \| What is Neurosurgery \| Patient Education Materials \| hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up within the ventricles (fluid-containing cavities) of the brain and may increase pressure within the head.
		Although hydrocephalus is often described as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually CSF, a clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
		Hydrocephalus is often categorized for age groups as either congenital or normal pressure hydrocephalus.
	www.neurosurgerytoday.org /what/patient_e/hydrocephalus.asp (1105 words)

	Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus in infants and young children is frequently diagnosed at birth or shortly thereafter, but sometimes it is not diagnosed until the child is a little older.
		Hydrocephalus that develops later in life in some children, and even in adults, but is caused by a condition that existed at birth, is still considered a form of congenital hydrocephalus.
		Hydrocephalus may develop following meningitis if this scarring restricts or obstructs the flow of CSF as it passes through the narrow passageways of the ventricles or as it passes over the surfaces of the brain in the subarachnoid space.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /pediatricneurosurgery/services/hydrocephalus.htm (962 words)

	Home \| aHealthyme.com
		Hydrocephalus is an abnormal expansion of cavities (ventricles) within the brain that is caused by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
		Hydrocephalus is the result of an imbalance between the formation and drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
		Hydrocephalus that is congenital (present at birth) is thought to be caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors.
	www.ahealthyme.com /article/gale/100084722 (1049 words)

	Hydrocephalus Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — a clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
		One of the most common causes of hydrocephalus is "aqueductal stenosis." In this case, hydrocephalus results from a narrowing of the aqueduct of Sylvius, a small passageway between the third and fourth ventricles in the middle of the brain.
		The prognosis for patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus is difficult to predict, although there is some correlation between the specific cause of the hydrocephalus and the patient's outcome.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/hydrocephalus/detail_hydrocephalus.htm (1932 words)

	Hydrocephalus Association
		Hydrocephalus can be detected in a fetus as early as the latter part of the first trimester of pregnancy.
		Prenatal hydrocephalus is generally not treated until after birth, when a shunt may be inserted into the baby's brain to divert CSF fluid.
		The more significant factor in the future development of children with prenatal-onset hydrocephalus is the presence of continuing care and the absence of complications such as infection or hemorrhage.
	www.hydroassoc.org /information/prenatal.html (417 words)

	Hydrocephalus -- eCureMe.com
		Hydrocephalus is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricle.
		The primary treatment of hydrocephalus is the surgical placement of a Shunt, a soft plastic tube is inserted to allow drainage of the CSF into another part of the body (usually, abdomen), therefore relieving the pressure on the brain.
		Certain types of hydrocephalus can be treated by "ventriculostomy," an operation where a tiny hole is made in the floor of the ventricle to bypass the obstruction.
	www.ecureme.com /emyhealth/data/Hydrocephalus.asp (296 words)

	Hydrocephalus Information on Healthline
		Conditions responsible for hydrocephalus in a fetus include infantile congenital (present at birth) hydrocephalus, hydrocephalus associated with encephalocele or myelomeningocele, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborns, and postmeningitic hydrocephalus.
		Normal pressure hydrocephalus is an abnormal increase of CSF in the brain's ventricles due to the gradual blockage of the CSF-draining pathways.
		For congenital-onset hydrocephalus, early symptoms include enlargement of the head (increased head circumference), bulging fontanelles (soft spots) with or without enlargement of the head size, separation of sutures (the flexible and fibrous joints between the skull bones of an infant), and vomiting.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/hydrocephalus-4 (971 words)

	Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the brain.
		Hydrocephalus is diagnosed through a neurological evaluation and by using imaging techniques such as x-ray, computed tomography scan (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, or pressure-monitoring techniques.
		In somecases of non-communicating hydrocephalus, where there is a blockage of the passages that connect the ventricles, doctors can make a direct connection between one of the ventricles and the drainage site inside the skull (the subarchnoid space), so the fluid can drain without a shunt.
	www.hmc.psu.edu /childrens/healthinfo/h/hydrocephalus.htm (931 words)

	Hydrocephalus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Hydrocephalus is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricular spaces of the brain.
		Sanjiv Sahoo, MD, and Phillip L. Pearl, MD DEFINITION: Hydrocephalus is defined as enlargement of the ventricles of the brain with an abnormal increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) relative to...
		Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) -- a clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /h/hydrocephalus/intro.htm (1016 words)

	Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus that is present at birth is probably caused by environmental and genetic factors.
		When the condition develops after birth it is usually the result of a disease (such as meningitis), injury to the head, tumors, cysts or bleeding inside the chambers of the brain.
		Hydrocephalus is often associated either with Dandy-Walker cysts or the Arnold-Chiari malformation.
	www.csmc.edu /5744.html (468 words)

	MedlinePlus: Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
		Hydrocephalus Diagnosed in Young and Middle-Aged Adults (SHYMA) (Hydrocephalus Association)
		The primary NIH organization for research on Hydrocephalus is the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/hydrocephalus.html (235 words)

	Hydrocephalus: Causes - MayoClinic.com
		Hydrocephalus can be present at birth (congenital hydrocephalus) or you can develop it later (acquired hydrocephalus).
		Hydrocephalus results when the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is disrupted or when your body doesn't absorb CSF properly.
		For acquired hydrocephalus, the cause may be a disease or condition such as encephalitis, meningitis or a brain tumor that causes blood vessels in the brain to rupture and bleed.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/hydrocephalus/DS00393/DSECTION=3 (442 words)

	Hydrocephalus - MayoClinic.com
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which excess fluid builds up in your brain.
		The word "hydrocephalus" comes from the roots "hydro" meaning "water" and "cephalus" meaning "head." The fluid that accumulates is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a fluid that normally surrounds your brain and spinal cord.
		The outlook for people with hydrocephalus varies depending on how soon the condition is diagnosed, whether any other disorders are present and whether treatment is successful.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/hydrocephalus/DS00393 (227 words)

	Treatment of Hydrocephalus: Shunts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis usually becomes manifest in-utero or by the first three months of infancy with typical signs of elevated intracranial pressure, bulging anterior fontanelle, splitting of the sutures, Macewan's crackpot sound to head percussion and "setting-sun sign" due to tectal compression.
		The Chiari malformations are a cause of childhood hydrocephalus.
		Hydrocephalus as a presenting sign of a vein of Galen AVM is usually not seen in the immediate newborn period, where high flow cardiac failure predominates the mode of presentation.
	www.virtualtrials.com /shunts.cfm (10679 words)

	Treatment of Hydrocephalus: Shunts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis usually becomes manifest in-utero or by the first three months of infancy with typical signs of elevated intracranial pressure, bulging anterior fontanelle, splitting of the sutures, Macewan's crackpot sound to head percussion and "setting-sun sign" due to tectal compression.
		The Chiari malformations are a cause of childhood hydrocephalus.
		Hydrocephalus as a presenting sign of a vein of Galen AVM is usually not seen in the immediate newborn period, where high flow cardiac failure predominates the mode of presentation.
	www.virtualtrial.com /shunts.cfm (10679 words)

	Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
		Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is too much CSF in the ventricles.
		Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a type of hydrocephalus that occurs in adults, usually older adults.
		The slow enlargement of the ventricles means that the fluid pressure in the brain may not be as high as in other types of hydrocephalus.
	www.emedicinehealth.com /normal_pressure_hydrocephalus/article_em.htm (406 words)

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