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Topic: Hydrochloric acid

Related Topics

Acid

Mineral acid

Hydrohalic acid

Hydrogen chloride

Sulfuric acid

Trichloroacetic acid

Hypochlorous acid

Ferrous chloride

Strong acid

Chloric acid

Nitric acid

Formic acid

Weak acid

Gastric acid

Iron(II) chloride

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Hydrochloric acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric acid is listed as a Table II precursor under the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances because of its use in the production of heroin and cocaine [1].
		Hydrochloric acid is frequently used in chemical analysis and to digest samples for analysis.
		Hydrochloric acid is a fundamental chemical, and as such it is used for a large number of small scale applications, such as leather processing, household cleaning, and building construction.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Hydrochloric_acid (2462 words)

	Hydrochloric acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hydrochloric acid, or muriatic acid by its historical but still occasionally used name, has been an important and frequently used chemical from early history and was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800.
		Hydrochloric acid was first discovered around the year 800 AD by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), by mixing common salt with vitriol (sulfuric acid).
		Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, since it is practically fully dissociated in water.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hydrochloric_acid (2546 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid Therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When this hydrochloric acid content of the gastric fluid is deficient or absent, grave results must gradually and inevitably appear in the human metabolism.
		When one considers that this normal acid is derived from the tissues of the stomach or gastric membrane and not directly from the sodium chloride of the blood, one readily realizes that an ample supply of.sodium chloride alone is insufficient to restore normal gastric acidity.
		The writer, after administering this acid solution of mineral chlorides to over one hundred cases of chronic disease of many types, including cases of diagnosed cancerous growths in the digestive system, feels confident that this method is without doubt a reliable and satisfactory one for such conditions and also a method of preventing cancerous disease.
	www.alternative-cancer-therapies.org /hydrochloric_acid_therapy.html (2376 words)

	Occupational Illnesses and Injuries: Hydrochloric Acid Facts
		Hydrochloric acid is most often used as a chemical intermediate to manufacture other chemicals and is used for the pickling/cleaning of metal surfaces.
		Hydrochloric acid, even with short-term exposure, can irritate the eyes and cause burning, swelling, tearing of the eyes, blurred vision, photophobia, sloughing of the surface cells of the eye, and may cause blindness.
		Hydrochloric acid is considered a strong oxidizer and steps should be taken to separate hydrochloric acid and hydrochloric acid products from incompatible materials such as copper, brass, bronze, galvanized steel, tin, zinc, oxidizers, combustible materials, plastics, rubber and some coatings.
	www.epi.state.nc.us /epi/oii/hcl (1945 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric acid (CAS# 7647-01-0), or hydrogen chloride, is either a colorless liquid with a pungent odor, or a colorless to slightly yellow gas which can be shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.
		Hydrochloric acid is one of the most corrosive of the nonoxidizing acids in contact with copper alloys, and is handled in dilute solutions.
		Synonyms for hydrochloric acid are hydrogen chloride, anhydrous hydrogen chloride, aqueous hydrogen chloride, chlorohydric acid, spirit of salts, and muriatic acid.
	www.nsc.org /ehc/chemical/Hydrochl.htm (1098 words)

	CHECK YOUR STOMACH FOR SUFFICIENT HYDROCHLORIC ACID
		When hydrochloric acid is injected into the body in very dilute, physiologic amounts, the white blood cell systems increase their activity, the blood pH returns to normal regardless of whether it is too acid or too alkaline and the number of white cells increase.
		Chlorine may be found free as hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice or combined with albumin in albuminosis or it may be found united with sodium chiefly in the fluids of the body and with potassium in the solids.
		Hydrochloric acid reacts with the duodenal membrane to produce a hormone called secretin which stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, increase the formation of bile and upgrade the activity of the gallbladder.
	www.rheumatic.org /hcl.htm (6141 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric acid aids in the liberation of iron from food and facilitates its conversion to the ferrous form.
		Hunt et al found gastric secretion of acid is required for the absorption of calcium from carbonate; however, absorption of calcium from calcium monocitrate was consistent irrespective of pH.20 Recker et al also found decreased absorption of calcium from the carbonate form in patients with achlorhydria.
		Indican is derived from indole, a byproduct of putrefaction and aromatic amino acid breakdown.
	www.thorne.com /altmedrev/fulltext/hcl.html (4890 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid - Free English Encyclopedia from Turkcebilgi
		Hydrochloric acid was first discovered around the year 800 by the [alchemist [[GeberJabir ibn Hayyan (Geber)]], by mixing [common salt with vitriol (sulfuric acid).
		Hydrochloric acid is listed as a Table II precursor under the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances because of its use in the production of heroin and cocaine [http://www.incb.org/pdf/e/list/red.pdf].
		For intermediate to strong solutions of hydrochloric acid, the assumption that Handlt;supandgt;+andlt;/supandgt; molarity (a unit of concentration) equals HCl molarity is excellent, agreeing to four significant digits.
	www.turkcebilgi.com /ansiklopedi/english/Hydrochloric_acid (2925 words)

	071. Hydrochloric acid (FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series 40abc)
		NOTE - Hydrochloric acid produced during the manufacture of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides is not considered to be of food grade quality and is not suitable for use in food processing.
		Toxicological considerations are involved either in the purely local action of the corrosive acid or in the effects of the addition of large quantities of either hydrogen or chloride ions to the electrolyte pool of the body.
		The hydrolytic action of hydrochloric acid on food substances is similar, in principle, to that of the acid occurring in normal gastric juice.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/40abcj43.htm (618 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid (Hydrogen Chloride) \| Technology Transfer Network Air Toxics Web site \| US EPA
		Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.
		Acute animal tests in rats, mice, and rabbits, have demonstrated hydrochloric acid to have moderate to high acute toxicity from inhalation and moderate acute toxicity from oral exposure.
		In rats exposed to hydrochloric acid by inhalation, severe dyspnea, cyanosis, and altered estrus cycles have been reported in dams, and increased fetal mortality and decreased fetal weight have been reported in the offspring.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/hydrochl.html (1135 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid-HCl-An Acid With Many Uses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric acid is also used in the production of batteries, photoflash bulbs and fireworks.
		Hydrochloric acid, like last month's chlorine compound, sodium chloride, is another "workhorse" chemical because it is incredibly useful in a wide variety of ways.
		In steel-pickling, a hydrochloric acid solution is used to remove rust and scale to prepare the steel surface for a protective coating.
	www.science-education.org /classroom_activities/chlorine_compound/hcl.html (560 words)

	Wikinfo \| Hydrochloric acid
		Hydrochloric acid was used in 1930s for treatment of various diseases, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, venereal diseases and cancer.
		The usual dosage was about 0.02% hydrochloric acid injected intramuscularly or is taken orally at slightly higher concentrations.
		The use of hydrochloric acid as an antibacterial and antiviral treatment is virtually unknown today as it is replaced by the more convenient and potentially bacterial resistant use of antibiotics.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Hydrochloric_acid (399 words)

	National Pollutant Inventory Substance Profile
		Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride in water.
		Hydrochloric acid is one of the most corrosive of the non-oxidising acids in contact with copper alloys, and is handled in dilute solutions.
		Hydrochloric acid's fumes have an acid, penetrating odour.
	www.npi.gov.au /database/substance-info/profiles/48.html (1423 words)

	HYDROCHLORIC ACID (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric acid is the same acid that is used in the stomach to help digest food.
		It is used as a supplement for low stomach acid that is said to impact a variety of diseases.
		Hydrochloric acid increases the absorption of Iron (7,8).
	www.healthyroads.com /mylibrary/data/altcaredex/htm/ame0288.asp (612 words)

	Hydrogen Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chlorides are the salts of Hydrochloric Acid, and they are also produced in the direct reaction between their constituent elements.
		In the laboratory, a mixture of Cuprous Chloride, and Hydrochloric Acid, is used for converting Benzene Diazonium Chloride, to Chlorobenzene, in the Sandmeyer Reaction.
		The gas is bubbled through water to remove any traces of hydrochloric gas that may be present and then it is dried by bubbling it through concentrated sulphuric acid.
	www.ucc.ie /ucc/depts/chem/dolchem/html/comp/hcl.html (823 words)

	Hydrochloric Acid for use in Acid - Base neutralization systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): Also known as muriatic acid, HCl is the second most commonly used acid in industry (sulfuric is number one).
		At a maximum available concentration of 37% HCl is about 1/3 as potent as sulfuric acid, further contributing to the fact that HCl is more expensive to use than sulfuric.
		Generally this is a safe and inexpensive acid to use for the neutralization of alkaline materials, as long as precautions are taken to handle the corrosive gasses that are evolved..
	www.digital-analysis.com /HydrochloricAcid.htm (223 words)

	HYDROCHLORIC ACID (LESS THAN 10%)
		Swallowing hydrochloric acid can cause immediate pain and burns of the mouth, throat, esophagus and gastrointestinal tract.
		If the exposure limit is exceeded and engineering controls are not feasible, a full facepiece respirator with an acid gas cartridge may be worn up to 50 times the exposure limit or the maximum use concentration specified by the appropriate regulatory agency or respirator supplier, whichever is lowest.
		A strong mineral acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid is highly reactive with strong bases, metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, amines, carbonates and other alkaline materials.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/h3883.htm (1327 words)

	NOVACID : hydrochloric acid, bleach, nitric acid
		The NOVACID Company has the third rank on hydrochloric acid market in Europe and commercializes also bleach and nitric acid.
		It offers a full range of acids classifications This allows the Company to reach all market segments, particularly the phamaceutical and electronic industries, which are experiencing strong growth.
		The Enterprise also supplies the food industry (gelatin and sugar producers, dairy-works) as well as traditionnal acids markets including chemistry, metallurgy, oil refining, water treatment and paper NOVACID occupe la troisième place sur le marché européen de l'acide chlorhydrique et commercialise également de l'eau de javel et de l'acide nitrique.
	www.novacap.biz /novacap_novacid_en.html (546 words)

	Hydrochloric acid [factsheet]
		* Acute animal tests, such as the LC and LD tests in rats, mice, and rabbits, have demonstrated hydrochloric acid to have moderate to high acute toxicity from inhalation and moderate acute toxicity from oral exposure.
		* In rats exposed to hydrochloric acid by inhalation, severe dyspnea, cyanosis, and altered estrus cycles have been reported in dams, and increased fetal mortality and decreased fetal weight have been reported in the offspring.
		* Hydrogen chloride is a common synonym for hydrochloric acid.
	www.weblakes.com /toxic/HYDROCHLORIC_ACID.HTML (863 words)

	hydrochloric acid - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chest wall necrosis and death secondary to hydrochloric acid infusion for metabolic alkalosis.(Case Report)
		Treasure of the Past VI: Standard Potential of the Silver-Silver-Chloride Electrode from 0[degrees] to 95[degrees] C and the Thermodynamic Properties of Dilute Hydrochloric Acid Solutions.(Statistical Data Included)
		Parametric study on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of organic-coated steels in hydrochloric acid solutions.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-hydrochl.asp (204 words)

	Chemical Safety Data: Hydrochloric acid
		The concentrated acid must always be used in an area equipped with good ventilation, never in the open laboratory.
		Small amounts of dilute hydrochloric acid can be flushed down a sink with a large quantity of water, unless local rules prohibit this.
		Concentrated acid should not be flushed down a sink.
	ptcl.chem.ox.ac.uk /~hmc/hsci/chemicals/hydrochloric_acid.html (216 words)

	HYDROCHLORIC ACID, 33 - 40%
		If the exposure limit is exceeded, a full facepiece respirator with an acid gas cartridge may be worn up to 50 times the exposure limit or the maximum use concentration specified by the appropriate regulatory agency or respirator supplier, whichever is lowest.
		A strong mineral acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid is incompatible with many substances and highly reactive with strong bases, metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, amines, carbonates and other alkaline materials.
		Inhalation rat LC50: 3124 ppm/1H; oral rabbit LD50: 900 mg/kg (Hydrochloric acid concentrated); investigated as a tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/H3880.htm (1313 words)

	HYDROCHLORIC ACID
		Acid aspiration leads to an inflammatory response characterized by the activation and pulmonary entrapment of platelets and white blood cells.
		Approximately 380,000 l of the hydrochloric solution spilled on the ground and flowed towards a nearby river before remedial actions were undertaken.
		Produced industrially by the interaction of sodium chloride and sulfuric acid; from sodium chloride, sulfur dioxide, air and water vapor; or as a by-product of the synthesis of chlorinated hydrocarbons.
	www.frankmckinnon.com /hydrochloric_acid.htm (11198 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hydrochloric acid
		Initial symptoms of hydrochloric acid poisoning may include pain in the mouth and under the breastbone, or persistent drooling.
		If the acid is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes.
		Drinking or inhaling hydrochloric acid may be fatal.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/002498.htm (471 words)

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