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Topic: Hydrotreater

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Oil refinery

Olefin

Petroleum

	Energy Information Administration (EIA) - The Transition to Ultra-Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel: Effects on Prices and Supply
		Hydrotreater Catalyst: Catalyst cost (in dollars per barrel) is a function of space velocities and is calculated assuming a 2-year life, with CoMo in the first reactor and NiMo in the second reactor.
		Hydrotreater Yields and Energy Content: The volume and weight percent yields of ULSD produced by the distillate hydrotreater can vary considerably, depending on the fraction of cracked stocks in the feed and the level of aromatics saturation.
		The yield of hydrotreater product in the distillate boiling range was assumed to be 98 percent by weight, and the API gravity was assumed to increase by 2 numbers, which means that the volume yield was 99.2 percent.
	www.eia.doe.gov /oiaf/servicerpt/ulsd/appendix_d.html (4406 words)

	Hydrotreater (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A hydrotreater uses hydrogen to saturate aromatics and olefins as well as to remove undesirable compounds of elements such as sulfur and nitrogen.
		Common major elements of a hydrotreater unit are a heater, a fixed-bed catalytic reactor and a hydrogen compressor.
		A hydrocracker is a some-what similar refinery unit that uses higher severity such as a stronger catalyst and higher pressure to crack hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones, for example to convert gasoil and diesel to lighter hydrocarbons such as gasoline blending stocks and butanes.
	www.punweb.com /article/Hydrotreater (206 words)

	Solvent extraction of synfuel liquids - Patent 4297206
		In hydrotreater 103 the hydrogen treatment will be sufficiently severe to eliminate nitrogen as ammonia, which would be removed along with light hydrocarbons, e.g., methane.
		Operating conditions for the hydrotreater depend in part on the particular feed and desired products but generally are known to those skilled in the art or can be determined without undue experimentation.
		However, in hydrotreater 105 the extract receives a mild, relative to the treatment given the residue from the unit 102, hydrogen treatment and is recycled back via conduit 16 to the extractor 100.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4297206.html (4413 words)

	Upgrader
		Next, the light fractions (b) are sent through the Hydrotreater where they have hydrogen added at high temperatures to extract the nitrogen and sulphur.
		The hydrogen sulphide is absorbed in water and sent to the sulphur plant where it is converted to elemental sulphur.
		The lighter of the oil extracted at this point is sent to the Hydrotreater to be further cleaned.
	www.lloydminsterheavyoil.com /upgraderlaunch.htm (410 words)

	BP Global - Reports and publications - Refinery rejuvenation
		Hydrotreatment is a generic process which reacts hydrocarbon compounds with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to obtain a change in the characteristics of the hydrocarbons –; in the refinery context, hydrotreatment is most commonly used for removing sulphur from the hydrocarbon components that make up diesel and gasoline.
		But with the trend toward lower sulphur fuels, moving from the 10,000ppm of sulphur of 30 years ago to the 10ppm of today, it is necessary to treat almost all the streams, and do this to a far greater degree of sulphur removal than before, demanding both more treatment capacity and a better process.
		This extra time is provided by increasing the volume of the reactor in the hydrotreater, a relatively low-cost move – doubling reactor size usually adds less than 10% to a new project’s overall capital cost, says Yates.
	www.bp.com /genericarticle.do?categoryId=9013613&contentId=7021465 (2079 words)

	Refinery fire may cause LPG crunch : Reliance Industries, Jamnagar refinery, Fire : IBNLive.com : CNN-IBN
		A hydrotreater is an unit in an oil refinery that is used to treat products such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel.
		The exact extent of damage to the VGO Hydrotreater II unit, which is one of the 40 units in the refinery complex, is being assessed.
		A hydrotreater unit is used to remove sulphur in refining petroleum - one of the first stages of refining.
	www.ibnlive.com /news/refinery-fire-may-cause-lpg-crunch/24675-3.html (706 words)

	Major fire at Reliance's Jamnagar refinery- News-Sections-TIMES NOW.tv (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The fire was reported at VGO Hydrotreater in the refinery.
		A hydrotreater is a common process unit in an oil refinery that is used to treat products such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and intermediates such as gasoil.
		Common major elements of a hydrotreater unit are a heater, a fixed-bed catalytic reactor and a hydrogen compressor.
	www.timesnow.tv /articleshow/140204.cms (368 words)

	energyme.com :: Technip wins diesel hydrotreater project in Riyadh
		Technip has been awarded, by Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco), a lumpsum turnkey contract for the addition of Diesel Hydrotreating Facilities at their Riyadh Refinery.
		As part of the project, Technip will provide a diesel hydrotreater, an amine regeneration unit, a new sulphur recovery unit, a hydrogen plant and will revamp existing facilities.
		The plant will be able to produce 45,000 BPSD of low sulphur diesel and have the flexibility to produce extra low sulphur diesel through the installation of additional equipment.
	www.energyme.com /energy/2003/pr_0988.htm (322 words)

	Plants 14 24Naphta Hydrotreater Unit
		This Naphtha Hydrotreater Unit is designed to hydrotreat both straight run heavy naphtha, as well as visbreaker naphtha The unit consists of two (2) reactors in series each with a design pressure in excess of 800 psig.
		The Kerosene Hydrotreater is a single reactor system with a design pressure in excess of 800 psig.
		The Diesel Hydrotreater Unit was added to the refinery in 1967 and has a single reactor designed for approximately 500 psig.
	ns15.webmasters.com /*ventechequipment.com/httpdocs/NapthaHydrotreaterUnit.htm (109 words)

	AspenTech : Applications
		Aspen Hydrotreater is a member of the AspenTech new generation of refinery reactor models.
		An Aspen Hydrotreater flowsheet simulates all sections of the hydrocracking unit.
		Aspen Hydrotreater enables these benefits to be achieved through improved selection of operating conditions and feedstocks, and through a better understanding of catalyst deactivation.
	www.aspentech.com /product.cfm?ProductID=62 (240 words)

	Peak Oil News & Message Boards >> Production; Extraction; Exploration >> Valero: Port Arthur refinery at 60 pct of ...
		The refinery suffered a Thursday morning power failure that shut units on the plants's north side and led to a fire that damaged a diesel hydrotreater.
		Valero said a second hydrotreater was operating at higher than normal rates to curb the loss in diesel output.
		On Thursday, sources familiar with refinery operations said a heater in the hydrotreater, where the fire was located, was heavily damaged and could take between two and four weeks to repair.
	peakoil.com /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=32923 (289 words)

	Jamnagar fire may halve Reliance refining output
		Reliance Industries was likely to take a hit of almost Rs 1,200 crore (Rs 12 billion) due to a fire in one of the vacuum gas oil hydrotreater units at its Jamnagar refinery early Wednesday, said industry analysts.
		Reliance Industries' Jamnagar refinery has a capacity of 660,000 barrels per day and with one of the two vacuum gas oil hydrotreaters out of action for 10-15 days, production was expected to come down by half, sources said.
		The vacuum gas oil hydrotreater unit, which is believed to have been completely gutted in the fire, removes sulphur from crude oil and passes it on to a fluid catalytic cracker unit, which in turn produces gasoline and olefins, which feed the petrochemical units at the Jamnagar refinery.
	ia.rediff.com /money/2006/oct/26ril.htm (648 words)

	Jamnagar fire may halve Reliance refining output
		Reliance Industries was likely to take a hit of almost Rs 1,200 crore (Rs 12 billion) due to a fire in one of the vacuum gas oil hydrotreater units at its Jamnagar refinery early Wednesday, said industry analysts.
		Reliance Industries' Jamnagar refinery has a capacity of 660,000 barrels per day and with one of the two vacuum gas oil hydrotreaters out of action for 10-15 days, production was expected to come down by half, sources said.
		The vacuum gas oil hydrotreater unit, which is believed to have been completely gutted in the fire, removes sulphur from crude oil and passes it on to a fluid catalytic cracker unit, which in turn produces gasoline and olefins, which feed the petrochemical units at the Jamnagar refinery.
	in.rediff.com /money/2006/oct/26ril.htm (631 words)

	ConocoPhillips Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Project — Kuparuk River Unit - 50-day ACMP Review
		ULSD produced by the Hydrotreater Facility at CPF-3 will be sent to the new Storage and Distribution Facility located at CPF-1 by a second pipeline and placed into storage tanks for distribution.
		The hydrotreater is comprised of a reaction loop that converts sulfur compounds in the diesel to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by contacting the compounds with hydrogen over a catalyst.
		Operation of the Hydrotreater Facility at CPF-3 requires that HSD produced by the KUTP at CPF-1 be transported by pipeline to the Hydrotreater Facility.
	notes5.state.ak.us /pn/pubnotic.nsf/ca078608a902678a8925672a000206e1/d2b4e30ffbfa0d8a892572340063441c?OpenDocument (2647 words)

	Energy Information Administration (EIA) - The Transition to Ultra-Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel: Effects on Prices and Supply
		The case descriptions in the table indicate whether the refinery in that particular case falls within the higher or lower part of the range in terms of hydrotreater unit capacity, sulfur content of the hydrotreater feed, and the fraction of cracked stock in the feed.
		One of the key decisions in preparing to produce ULSD is whether to build a new hydrotreater or revamp an existing unit.
		Transportation distillate demand is projected to increase by 4.0 percent per year from 1999 to 2006 in the high macroeconomic growth case and by 2.7 percent per year in the low macroeconomic growth case.
	www.eia.doe.gov /oiaf/servicerpt/ulsd/chapter5.html (6628 words)

	Jamnagar fire may halve Reliance refining output
		Reliance Industries was likely to take a hit of almost Rs 1,200 crore (Rs 12 billion) due to a fire in one of the vacuum gas oil hydrotreater units at its Jamnagar refinery early Wednesday, said industry analysts.
		Reliance Industries' Jamnagar refinery has a capacity of 660,000 barrels per day and with one of the two vacuum gas oil hydrotreaters out of action for 10-15 days, production was expected to come down by half, sources said.
		The vacuum gas oil hydrotreater unit, which is believed to have been completely gutted in the fire, removes sulphur from crude oil and passes it on to a fluid catalytic cracker unit, which in turn produces gasoline and olefins, which feed the petrochemical units at the Jamnagar refinery.
	www.rediff.com /money/2006/oct/26ril.htm?q=tp (639 words)

	Excite Money & Investing
		A residual hydrotreater uses hydrogen under high heat and pressure to increase the amount of refinable material in a barrel of crude oil.
		The carbon steel elbow was supposed to be on a low-heat location on the hydrotreater.
		One worker at the refinery suffered minor injuries while the hydrotreater was being shut down after the explosion.
	money.excite.com /ht/nw/bus/20061015/hle_bus-n15262536.html (467 words)

	LUBE REPORT: Reactors Rise in Bradford
		ARG’s $18 million hydrotreater project, under construction since early 2006, is expected to start production in January 2008 with capacity of 3,800 barrels per day.
		Another part of the project is construction of a unit to remove sulfur from the refinery fuel gas, improving the fuel balance and reducing flaring.
		“The [hydrotreater] project further demonstrates ARG’s commitment to the Bradford refinery, its employees and the community,” said President and COO Harvey Golubock, who noted that all of the key contractors are Pennsylvania-based.
	www.imakenews.com /lng/e_article000905837.cfm?x=b11,0,w (251 words)

	Naphtha HDS
		Because of its high olefin content, the Visbreaker naphtha is first combined with all of the hydrogen-rich Reformer Separator Off-Gas, which is compressed by the HDS Compressor “A” cylinders, and passed downward through a fixed bed of cobalt-molybdena catalyst in the Visbreaker Naphtha Hydrotreater Reactor.
		The original design of this unit is based on the feed to the Diesel HDS consisting of combined Kerosene and Diesel Oil fractions from the crude Unit.
		The effluent of the reaction is cross exchanged with the feed which cools the effluent stream prior to entering the HP Kerosene Separator and then the LP Separator.
	www.ventechequipment.com /Desulfurizer.htm (754 words)

	Pogam - Pennsylvania's Oil & Gas Producers : News
		The American Refining Group hydrotreater project received a key component Thursday when two large catalytic reactors were installed on the unit.
		“The two reactors are the key pieces of equipment for the hydrotreater project,” Keck said, adding the reactors are filled with catalyst, which is a substance that enhances the reaction that improves the properties of the charge stock.
		Keck said when that unit is complete, the refinery will be able to desulfurize all the fuel gas in the refinery, which will improve the fuel balance and help to reduce flaring.
	www.pogam.org /news/view.asp?pID=587 (569 words)

	Business finance news - currency market news - online UK currency markets - financial news - Interactive Investor
		A residual hydrotreater uses hydrogen under high heat and pressure to increase the amount of refinable material in a barrel of crude oil.
		The carbon steel elbow was supposed to be on a low-heat location on the hydrotreater.
		One worker at the refinery suffered minor injuries while the hydrotreater was being shut down after the explosion.
	www.iii.co.uk /news/?type=reutersnews&articleid=MTFH52734_2006-10-15_21-04-53_N15262536&feed=Bus&action=article (593 words)

	DNA - India - RIL refinery fire fans fears of LPG shortage - Daily News & Analysis
		NEW DELHI: The shutdown of the VGO hydrotreater II unit of India’s biggest petroleum refinery — caused by a fire on Wednesday — fanned fears of an LPG shortage similar to the one last year.
		In 2005, a temporary shortfall of cooking fuel was precipitated by the maintenance shutdown of one of the refinery’s units.
		A senior RIL executive said the VGO hydrotreater II had a production capacity of about 100,000 barrels a day, but the company was unsure of the extent of damage till late in the evening.
	www.dnaindia.com /report.asp?NewsID=1060076 (601 words)

	Fire not to hit performance, gas supply: RIL
		A major fire on Wednesday, had only forced the shutdown of the vacuum gas oil hydrotreater and a diesel hydrotreater and all other units were operating at full capacity, RIL's Jamnagar refinery site president P K Kapil said in an e-mail to employees.
		The fire damaged vacuum gasoil hydrotreater unit No. 2 and the company also shut down the adjacent diesel hydrotreater unit No. 2 as a precaution.
		The Jamnagar refinery supplies one-fourth of the about 11 million tonnes LPG demand of the country and a 10-15 day shutdown of a unit at the refinery is feared to create supply shortfalls.
	www.rediff.com /money/2006/oct/26ril2.htm (374 words)

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