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Topic: Hydroxyproline

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	Hydroxyproline - Amino Acid
		Hydroxyproline is a nonessential amino acid, which means that it is manufactured from other amino acids in the liver; it does not have to be obtained directly through the diet.
		Hydroxyproline is necessary for the construction of the body's major structural protein, collagen.
		Increased spill of hydroxyproline in the urine is generally associated with breakdown of connective tissue due to disease process and may also be a manifestation of vitamin C deficiency.
	www.springboard4health.com /notebook/proteins_hydroxyproline.html (171 words)

	Gazi Tıp Fakültesi - Gazi Medical Journal
		Hydroxyproline is found almost exclusively in collagen, constituting about 14 % of the dry weight of the protein, and the amounts of this amino acid are relatively constant in collagens from various tissues in humans.
		Among the methods for the determination of hydroxyproline the oxidation of this amino acid to a compound reacting with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde to form a chromophore is regarded as a relatively specific and sensitive assay.
		For each hydroxyproline determination two samples of the tissue taken from the homogenization step were studied seperately and the avarage of their spectrophotometric data was taken as the absorbance value of each sample.
	www.med.gazi.edu.tr /gmj/95-1a.htm (3711 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| The therapeutic effect of the neuropeptide hormone somatostatin on Schistosoma ...
		For the measurement of the hydroxyproline content in the liver, about 200 mg of liver was treated with 5 ml of 6N HCl for 18 hours at 110°C. This acidic hydrolysis breaks down the collagen to individual amino acids.
		Proline and hydroxyproline are responsible for the angle (kink) in the polypeptide backbone furthermore hydroxyproline stabilizes the collagen via intramolecular hydroxyl bridges.
		Hydroxyproline concentrations in the livers (controls versus acute, chronic, treated and untreated) of the Swiss mice are depicted in Table 2 and figure 7.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2334/5/45 (4935 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Hydroxyproline is found almost exclusively in collagen, constituting about 14% of the dry weight of the protein, and the amounts of this imino acid are relatively constant in collagens from various tissues in humans.
		The rate of hydroxyproline formation is therefore considered to be a good indication of the rate of collagen biosynthesis.
		The average skin hydroxyproline amounts of groups 2 (50 Hz, 2 mT) and 3 (100 Hz, 2 mT) were found to be 12.27 ± 1.77 mg/g wet wt and 12.55 ± 1.79 mg/g wet wt, respectively.
	ibj.pasteur.ac.ir /ibj29/Ahmadian.htm (2405 words)

	Hydroxyproline, Total, Quantitative, 24-Hour Urine
		Excessive excretion of glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline occurs.
		Hydroxyproline may be measured as a marker of metastasis of malignancy to bone.
		Urinary hydroxyproline, like serum alkaline phosphatase, is useful in evaluation and response to treatment of Paget disease of bone.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/sc012000.htm (368 words)

	Gazi Tıp Fakültesi - Gazi Medical Journal
		Electric field which is obtained from 150 V potential difference applied in vertical and horizontal directions and their effects on collagen synthesis were analyzed by studying hydroxyproline level of liver tissue with Stegemann-Stalder's method.A statistically significant decrease was found in hydroxyproline levels in both of the horizontal and vertical E field applied groups.
		Hydroxyproline contents of the tissue samples were determined by using the standard curves which were plotted before each spectrophotometric reading by using the sample containing known concentrations of Hydroxyproline (SIGMA H-1637).
		For each group, hydroxyproline contents of lung tissues of the electric field applied groups and their controls were compared with DUNCAN test (Table 1) and the results were found as follows :- There is statistically significant difference between hydroxyproline contents of liver tissues of vertical electric field applied and control groups (p<0.01).
	www.med.gazi.edu.tr /gmj/95-3b.html (3708 words)

	[No title]
		Small bowel hydroxyproline levels, however, were significantly greater in the control group than in the study group (54% greater).
		The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 18-hour peritoneal contamination on hydroxyproline levels and tensile strength of primary anastomosis 4 days after surgery.
		Hydroxyproline content was determined via alkaline hydrolysis at the University of Osteopathic Medicine and Health Sciences (Des Moines, IA) as described by Reddy and Enwemeka.
	www.jrnlappliedresearch.com /articles/Vol1Iss2/Cottam.htm (1883 words)

	ch4.6
		The ultimate location of peptide-bound hydroxyproline or hydroxylysine in the other organisms in which it occurs is not known for certain.
		The importance of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine is therefore indelibly expressed through their wide multicellular distribution in nature.
		Hydroxyproline has been found in only one protozoan to date: the shell of an amoeboid foraminifera (Hedley and Wakefield, 1969).
	www.hq.nasa.gov /pao/History/CP-2156/ch4.6.htm (3092 words)

	Further Observations on the Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Patients with Generalized Scleroderma
		Biopsies of the skin and 24-hour urinary hydroxyproline determinations were repeated at intervals of six to eight weeks in 12 patients, and of twelve to sixteen weeks in eight patients.
		Bound hydroxyproline, presumably in a polypeptide, is released by acid hydrolysis and accounts for nearly all the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline.
		Increased hydroxyproline excretion associated with abnormal bone metabolism, as in Paget's disease and hyperparathyroidism may reflect turnover in collagen of bone.
	www.dmso.org /articles/scleroderma/psclero1.htm (4272 words)

	Hydroxyproline information page. All about hydroxyproline and the role it plays in your diet.
		All about hydroxyproline and the role it plays in your diet.
		Hydroxyproline can be synthesized in the body, making it a non-essential amino acid and is used nearly exclusively in structural proteins including collagen and connective tissue.
		Excretion of abnormal quantities of hydroxyproline is a symptom of the connective-tissue disease called Marfan's syndrome.
	www.anyvitamins.com /hydroxyproline-info.htm (211 words)

	Fish Gelatin
		It is not unusual for x to be proline and y to be a hydroxyproline residue.
		The temperature at which this occurs depends upon the amount of proline and hydroxyproline in the alpha chain, and this temperature is the point of denaturing.
		The shrinkage temperature of the raw skin is higher than the denaturing temperature of the skin in acidified water, but the same relationship of proline and hydroxyproline to the shrinkage temperature still holds.
	www.norlandprod.com /techrpts/fishgelrpt.html (1905 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Urinary calcium and hydroxyproline are expressed in relation to creatinine in this study because creatinine is excreted in the urine as creatinine phosphate in relatively constant amounts proportional to an individual's muscle mass (Heymsfield et al., 1983) thus serving as a reference standard.
		The results from this study suggests that indices such as urinary calcium and hydroxyproline as well as age and BMI could be used as simple indicators to monitor or evaluate the direction of bone development to enable early intervention so as to minimize fractures that could be due to either age-related bone loss, or malnutrition.
		There is therefore the need to establish normal acceptable ranges for urinary excretion of calcium and hydroxyproline in various communities beyond which individuals could be at risk of excessive bone loss and consequently be predisposed to fractures.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ja03004 (2159 words)

	Applied Health Hydroxyproline
		Hydroxyproline is necessary for the construction of the body's major structural protein, collagen.
		An RDA has not been established for hydroxyproline because it is a nonessential amino acid.
		Koevoet, A.L. Plasma Hydroxyproline in Primary Hyperparathyroidism and in Chronic Uremia.
	www.appliedhealth.com /nutri/page6792.php (287 words)

	The Role of Gelatin in Paper Permanency II
		The percent hydroxyproline by weight in mammalian gelatins varies slightly depending on the source of the tissue, the method of manufacture, and the purity of the gelatin; but as an example, a purified calf skin gelatin contains around 14.5% hydroxyproline by weight.
		Following the addition of alkaline copper sulfate and hydrogen peroxide, the mixture of amino acid residues is heated and any hydroxyproline present is converted to a compound called pyrrole which reacts with p-dimethylamino-benzaldehyde in the presence of acid to form a transient magenta-colored compound which is developed by heating.
		Both hydroxyproline and gelatin are moderately stable compounds whose deterioration, under reasonable storage conditions, would become significant only after thousands, not hundreds, of years.
	aic.stanford.edu /sg/bpg/annual/v13/bp13-02.html (2326 words)

	European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Degraded collagen was hydrolysed to dissolve its major component hydroxyproline, which subsequently was determined spectrophotometrically.
		Hydroxyproline in CSF from patients with bacterial meningitis was significantly increased compared to all studied groups (P < 0.001) while serum hydroxyproline did not differ significantly between the groups.
		The close correlation of hydroxyproline and MMP-9 in the CSF validates the assessment of hydroxyproline as an index for CSF collagenolytic activity in neuroinflammatory diseases and supports a role for collagenases in the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /eccmid15/abstract.asp?id=36808 (324 words)

	The Dr. Rath Health Foundation \| Responsibility for a healthy world
		Measurable 3 - hydroxyproline peaks (by amino acid autoanalyzer) were absent from 93 samples from 211 healthy persons (44 %), 50 of 99 patients with nonmalignant disease (50%), and 10 of 96 patients with cancer (10%).
		The sensitivity of 3 - hydroxyproline was 44 % and higher than that of 4- hydroxyproline for the detection of stage II cancers (no distant metastasis); the sensitivities of both hydroxyprolines for the detection of stage I (very early cancer) were low.
		Urinary 3 - hydroxyproline level should be further investigated as a cancer screening method for healthy persons in the community or the workplace, but appears unlikely to detect many cancers in the earliest stages.
	www4.dr-rath-foundation.org /NHC/studien_klinik/endogenous_urinary.htm (350 words)

	Hydroxyproline and the Shrinkage Temperature of Collagen
		By an examination of the complete amino-acid analyses, these shrinkage temperatures have been correlated with the hydroxyproline content of the collagen; the lower the amount of hydroxyproline the lower the value of T
		Hydroxyproline is considered to consolidate the collagen structure by forming hydrogen bonds between molecular chains.
		These data are represented by circles and include the additional values, hydroxyproline = 12.0 per cent and 13.0 per cent for cattle hide and rat tail tendon respectively.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v187/n4732/abs/187150a0.html (280 words)

	Vacuolar chitinases of tobacco: a new class of hydroxyproline-containing proteins -- Sticher et al. 257 (5070): 655 -- ...
		Hydroxyproline-rich proteins are predominantly extracellular, structural glycoproteins proteins that lack enzymatic activity and contain many hydroxyproline residues.
		In contrast, type I chitinases are vacuolar enzymes.
		They are not glycosylated and contain a small number of hydroxyproline residues restricted to a single, short peptide sequence.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/short/257/5070/655 (348 words)

	hydroxyproline Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen become hydroxylated ...
		Specific proline residues on the amino side of a glycine residue in collagen become hydroxylated at C4, before the polypeptides become helical, by the activity of prolyl hydroxylase.
		This enzyme has a ferrous ion at the active site and a reducing agent such as ascorbate is necessary to maintain the iron in the ferrous state.
		The presence of hydroxyproline is essential to produce stable triple helical tropocollagen, hence the problems caused by ascorbate deficiency in scurvy.
	alternativehealing.org /hydroxyproline.htm (119 words)

	Degradation products of type I collagen
		The increase of hydroxyproline correlates with growth velocity in children and with the presence of bone degradation processes, e.g.
		Some hydroxyproline is directly derived from collagen synthesis, since it is present in the helical domain of PINP and PIIINP.
		Although urinary hydroxyproline has been used as a marker of bone resorption for a long time, it is relatively non-specific owing to the fact that it is present in many types of collagen and that only about 10% of hydroxyproline is excreted into urine.
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514253116/html/x383.html (1408 words)

	[No title]
		A hydroxyproline standard sample also from the same company is used to create a standard curve.
		Determination of Lung Hydroxyproline Content Lungs were analyzed for hydroxyproline content as previously described with slight modification.
		After samples returned to room temperature, the optical density of each sample and standard was measured at 550 nm and the concentration of lung hydroxyproline was calculated from the hydroxyproline standard curve.
	www.protocol-online.org /forums/index.php?showtopic=3254 (581 words)

	Scientist Solutions - Hydroxyproline assay
		Hydroxyproline assay, this assay is to quantitate collage [View Printable]
		Title: Modified assay for determination of hydroxyproline in a tissue hydrolyzate.
		A modified assay for the determination of hydroxyproline in tissue is presented.
	www.scientistsolutions.com /index.php?a=topic&t=2895 (275 words)

	The Effects of Single-Dose Dexamethasone on Wound Healing in Rats -- Durmus et al. 97 (5): 1377 -- Anesthesia & ...
		Hydroxyproline levels were 0.72 ± 0.13 mg/g in the dexamethasone
		Mean hydroxyproline levels determined in the control and dexamethasone groups.
		The determination of hydroxyproline in tissue and protein samples containing small proportions of this amino acid.
	www.anesthesia-analgesia.org /cgi/content/full/97/5/1377 (1813 words)

	JAIC 1995, Volume 34, Number 3, Article 2 (pp. 173 to 186)
		Our results showed no significant loss of hydroxyproline from paper reference standards treated with charcoal when run against calibration curve standards made from the same gelatin used to size the paper reference standards.
		We found no significant difference in % hydroxyproline measured in hydroxyproline solutions evaporated under house air at 100-105°C and reconstituted with water and tubes containing the same solutions and not evaporated at all.
		Percent recovery of hydroxyproline from the paper reference standards continued to be similar throughout the batches run, averaging 96 ± 5% over the course of the experiment.
	aic.stanford.edu /jaic/articles/jaic34-03-002_appx.html (743 words)

	Vegetarians in Paradise/Emes Kosher-Jel
		The hydroxyproline test indicates the presence of collagen derived from the connective tissue of animals.
		Since hydroxyproline derives from the protein in the product, the hydroxyproline of the protein can be calculated as a little over 12% of the protein.
		While hydroxyproline can be found in traces in some plant and algae proteins, it is only found in substantial quantities in the protein collagen, which makes up much of the bone and connective tissues of animals.
	www.vegparadise.com /news55.html (2245 words)

	Amazon.com: hydroxyproline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Determination of hydroxyproline in rat urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrogenerated chemiluminescence detection using tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) by T. Ikehara, N. Habu, I. Nishino, and H. Kamimori (April 22, 2005)
		Effect of dietary phosphate and hydroxyproline on urolithiasis in rats (University of Hawaii) by Leh-chii Chwang (Unknown Binding - 1973)
		Among their components is hydroxyproline, an unusual amino acid rarely...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=hydroxyproline&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (1187 words)

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