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Topic: Hymn of the Soviet Union

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Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza

National Anthems of the USSR and Union Republics

Hymn of the Russian Federation

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Soviet Union

USSR

Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov

Anthem of Byelorussian SSR

Anthem of Ukrainian SSR

Religion in the Soviet Union

Anthem of Moldavian SSR

Russian SFSR

Sergey Mikhalkov

Anthem of Estonian SSR

Anthem of Latvian SSR

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	Russian Anthems museum
		Project of anthem for the union state (of Russia and Belarus, but the lyrics is not tied to any particular nationality and is usable for a wider union)
		Sounds of Soviet Union — anthems of Soviet Republics; songs of the Russian proletariat.
		Soviet National Anthem — a comprehensive collection, including lyrics in several languages.
	www.hymn.ru /index-en.html (6939 words)

	Soviet Union information - Search.com
		The Soviet Union was created and expanded as a union of Soviet republics formed within the territory of the Russian Empire abolished by the Russian Revolution of 1917 followed by the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920.
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian (colloquially known as Bolshevist Russia), Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
		The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent.
	www.search.com /reference/Soviet_Union (6563 words)

	Soviet Union - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Soviet Union became the primary model for future Communist states during the Cold War; the government and the political organization of the country were defined by the only permitted political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian (colloquially known as Bolshevist Russia), Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
		The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Soviet_Union (7286 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The USSR was born and expanded as a union of Soviet republics formed within the territory of the Russian Empire abolished by the Russian Revolution of 1917 followed by the Russian Civil War of 1918–1921.
		The Soviet Union became the primary model for future Communist states during the Cold War; the government and the political organization of the country were defined by the only political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		The GRU (Main Intelligence Directorate), not publicized by the Soviet Union until the end of the Soviet era during perestroika, was created by Lenin in 1918 and served both as a centralized handler of military intelligence and as an institutional check-and-balance for the otherwise relatively unrestricted power of the KGB.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=U.S.S.R (6384 words)

	Soviet Union
		The Soviet Union is traditionally considered to be the successor of the
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the
		According to the Constitution, as amended in 1988, the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union was the Congress of People's Deputies, which convened for the first time in May 1989.
	www.vetty.com /wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm (4824 words)

	Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
		By Soviet historiography, revolutionary activity in Russia began with the Decembrist Revolt of 1825, and although serfdom was abolished in 1861, its abolition was achieved on terms unfavorable to the peasants and served to encourage revolutionaries.
		After the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 25 December, 1991, the Russian Federation claimed to be the legal successor to the Soviet state on the international stage despite its loss of superpower status.
	abcworld.net /Soviet_Union.html (5034 words)

	Wikipedia search result
		The USSR was born and expanded as a union of Soviet republics formed within the territory of the Russian Empire abolished by the Russian Revolution of 1917 followed by the Russian Civil War of 1918-1921.
		Soviet leaders argued that one party rule was necessary because it ensured that 'capitalist exploitation' would not return to the Soviet Union and that the principles of Democratic Centralism would represent the people's will.
		The KGB (Committee for State Security), served in a fashion as the Soviet counterpart to both the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) in the U.S. It ran a massive network of informants throughout the Soviet Union, which was used to monitor violations in law.
	feedbus.com /wikis/wikipedia.php?title=Soviet_Union (7242 words)

	Soviet Union - Wikinfo
		The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or Soviet Union; Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, SSSR written in the Cyrillic alphabet as СССР) was a communist-ruled union with a single-party system that existed from 1922 until 1991.
		The territory of the Soviet Union increased during its period of hostility with Nazi Germany.
		Under Premier Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union emerged from the World War II as a major world power with a territory including the Baltic States and a significant portion of the territory of pre-war Poland together with a substantial sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Soviet_Union (1939 words)

	Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		From its beginning years, government in the Soviet Union was based on the one-party rule of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks).
		The Soviet Union aided postwar reconstruction in Eastern Europe while turning them into Soviet satellite states, set up the Warsaw Pact in 1955, later, the Comecon, supplied aid to the eventually victorious Communists in the People's Republic of China, and saw its influence grow elsewhere in the world.
		A referendum for the preservation of the USSR was held on March 17, 1991, with the majority of the population voting for preservation of the Union in nine out of fifteen republics.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Soviet_Union.htm (7273 words)

	Soviet Union information - Search.com
		The Soviet Union was created and expanded as a union of Soviet republics formed within the territory of the Russian Empire abolished by the Russian Revolution of 1917 followed by the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920.
		The Soviet Union, founded three decades before the Cold War, became a primary model for future Communist states; the government and the political organization of the country were defined by the only permitted political party, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
		After the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 25, 1991, the Russian Federation claimed to be the legal successor to the Soviet state on the international stage.
	webshots.search.com /reference/Soviet_Union (6573 words)

	Soviet Union - Gurupedia
		Russia was by far the largest Republic in the Soviet Union, dominating in nearly all respects: land area, population, economics, and political influence.
		After the death of the Soviet Union's revolutionary founding figure VI Lenin (1924), Joseph Stalin finally emerged as uncontested leader, defeating Leon Trotsky and ultimately having him exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929.
		World War II established the Soviet Union as one of the two major world powers, a position maintained for four decades through military strength, aid to developing countries, and scientific research, especially into space technology and weaponry.
	www.gurupedia.com /s/so/soviet_union.htm (1411 words)

	Socialist Youth of Austria (ML)
		Hymn of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics
		The "Hymn of the USSR" replaced in 1944 the Russian version of "The Internationale", which was the Soviet Union's national anthem until that year.
		The lyrics of the hymn were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (*1913) and Gabriel El-Registan (1899-1945), the music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883-1946).
	www.stamokap.org /hymn-en.html (306 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Andrei Sakharov
		Sakharov was an advocate of civil liberties and reforms in the Soviet Union.
		Sakharov died of a heart attack in 1989 at the age of 68, and was interred in the Vostryakovskoye Cemetery in Moscow.
		Sakharov’s brilliant mathematical work on gas dynamics, magnetic confinement of charged particles, and other problems was crucial to the creation of the Soviet hydrogen bomb first tested in August 1953.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Andrei-Sakharov (422 words)

	Vacilando.eu on Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics
		By gradually consolidating his influence and isolating his rivals within the party, notably Lenin's more obvious heir Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin became the sole leader of the Soviet Union by the end of the 1920s.
		Many organizations such as the Red Army and Police forces continued to remain in place in the early months of 1992 but were slowly phased out and either withdrawn from or absorbed by the newly independent states.
		The Soviet Union measured some 10,000 kilometres (6,200 mi) from Kaliningrad on the Gulf of Gdańsk in the west to Ratmanova Island (Big Diomede Island) in the Bering Strait, or roughly equivalent to the distance from Edinburgh, Scotland, east to Nome, Alaska.
	www.vacilando.eu /?title=union-of-soviet-socialist-republics (7111 words)

	Hymn of the Soviet Union Details, Meaning Hymn of the Soviet Union Article and Explanation Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Hymn of the Soviet Union (Гимн Советского Союза, Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza) was the national anthem of the Soviet Union.
		It replaced the Internationale as the national anthem on March 15, 1944, because of the belief that Soviet soldiers would respond more to an anthem that was dedicated only to the Soviet Union rather than to a worldwide movement.
		After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia adopted a new national anthem.
	www.e-paranoids.com /h/hy/hymn_of_the_soviet_union.html (536 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The National Anthem of the Soviet Union (or Hymn,, Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza) replaced the Internationale as the national anthem on March 15, 1944.
		In 2000, the old Soviet national anthem was re-adopted, with Mikhalkov writing new lyrics to represent Russia's new non-communist nature.
		In Lord of War, the anthem is briefly played during the scene where the Soviet Flag is lowered at a military compound in Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Hymn_of_the_Soviet_Union (808 words)

	Soviet Union : USSR
		The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or Soviet Union; Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, SSSR written in the Cyrillic alphabet as СССР) was a communist-ruled union with a totalitarian regime that existed from 1922 until 1991.
		Unhappiness with the Russian involvement in World War I led to the Russian Revolution and a civil war, ending in the establishing of the Soviet Union, the first communist state, on December 30, 1922.
		The Soviet Union was the first country to base its economy on communist principles, where the state owned all the means of production and farming was collectivized.
	www.fastload.org /us/USSR.html (573 words)

	USSR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		From 1945 until its dissolution in 1991â”a period known as the Cold Warâ”the Soviet Union and the United States were the two world superpowers that dominated the global agenda of the communist and capitalist world respectively, foreign affairs, military operations, and the summer Olympic Games.
		In a related conflict with Poland, the "Peace of Riga" in early 1921 split disputed territories in Belarus and Ukraine between Poland and Soviet Russia.
		The last leader of the Soviet Union was Mikhail Gorbachev, serving from 1985 until in 1991.
	www.katrinapetsneedhelp.com /pets/USSR (6835 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Aleksei Leonov
		General Aleksei Arkhipovich Leonov, Soviet Air Force (Ret.) (Russian: Алексе́й Архи́пович Лео́нов; born May 30, 1934 in Listvyanka, USSR) is a retired Soviet/Russian cosmonaut who, on March 18, 1965 became the first person to walk in space.
		Aleksei Leonov was decorated twice as the Hero of the Soviet Union (March 23, 1965 and 1975).
		Heroes of the Soviet Union David Randolph Scott (born June 6, 1932) a former NASA Astronaut, was one of the third group of astronauts named by NASA in October 1963 and is one of only twelve men who have walked on the moon.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Aleksei-Leonov (2154 words)

	U. S. S. R. 1944-1992 - nationalanthems.info
		From 1944 until its break-up in 1992, the Soviet Union used an anthem that has long been one of my top favourites (and a favourite of many other anthem collectors as well).
		Alexandrov's melody was already in use as the anthem of the Bolshevik party, and Stalin perhaps had in mind to use this melody as the anthem, holding the contest so that lyrics could be written that matched the tune.
		After the death of Stalin in 1953 (as his name appeared in the lyrics of the anthem at the time), it was proposed to create a new anthem for the nation, but this never came about.
	david.national-anthems.net /sun.htm (749 words)

	Anthem History
		When the Russian autocracy collapsed in February 1917, the old "Bozhe, tsaria khrani" was replaced by the French Marseillaise, the hymn of the French revolution, but in a very free Russian translation.
		The music of this anthem, as well as the text, were an adaptation of the 1938 Hymn of the Bolsheviks.
		As the Soviet national Anthem, it was first publicly performed on 1/1/1944 and officially adopted on 3/15/1944).
	www.stanford.edu /class/slavgen194a/hymn/anthem_history.htm (427 words)

	Soviet-Empire.com - View topic - National Anthem of the U.S.S.R.
		The Hymn of the Soviet Union was composed by A. Aleksandrov, the lyrics were written by Sergey Vladimirovich Mikhalkov and G.G. El-Registan.
		It was first performed on the 1st of January 1944 and was officially adopted as a national hymn of the U.S.S.R. on the 15th of March 1944.
		The international was used by the Soviet Union until from 1921 until 1944.
	www.soviet-empire.com /ussr/viewtopic.php?t=28560 (474 words)

	Hymn of the Soviet Union (other language versions) - Wikisource
		Hymn of the Soviet Union (other language versions) - Wikisource
		Hymn of the Soviet Union (other language versions)
		Below are the official versions of the Hymn of the Soviet Union in some official languages of the Soviet Union and the languages of some other countries, where the soviet state anthem was commonly sung during the reign of the communist block.
	www.wikisource.org /wiki/Hymn_of_the_Soviet_Union_%28other_language_versions%29 (544 words)

	WFMU's Beware of the Blog: Soviet National Anthem (video)
		When the Soviet Union crumbled, America lost a predictable, lumbering arch-enemy, and the world temporarily lost the greatest national anthem it's ever known.
		Following the collapse of The Soviet Union in 1991, The Hymn was scrapped altogether for something called The Patriotic Song.
		Fortunately, The Hymn was restored as the Russian National Anthem in 2001, cleansed of all communist references altogether.
	blog.wfmu.org /freeform/2006/02/soviet_national.html (529 words)

	L'Internationale: Anthem of International Communism
		L'Internationale was written in 1888 by Adolphe Degeyter (to lyrics written 1871 by Eugène Pottier) and embraced by the Socialist International as the transnational anthem or the working masses.
		The Bolsheviks adopted L'Internationale as the Soviet national anthem.
		In 1944 Stalin replaced it with the "Hymn of the Soviet Union" for reasons of morale -- battlefield reports indicated soldiers were more willing to die for Mother Russia than for an international working class.
	www.securitate.org /l'internationale.htm (440 words)

	And Now, Moscow's Dollar Diplomat \| TIME
		Out stepped the Soviet party leader, who was greeted by Secretary of State William Rogers and Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs Walter Stoessel.
		Here was Leonid Brezhnev, a superconfident Soviet leader at the zenith of his power, who had staked much of that power and of his own reputation on the idea of revitalizing the Soviet economy by dealing with the West.
		Brezhnev's eight-day visit—the first by a Soviet leader since Nikita Khrushchev was the guest of Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1959*—officially began on Monday with ceremonies on the White House lawn.
	www.time.com /time/archive/preview/0,10987,907450,00.html (716 words)

	L'Internationale -- Communist Anthem
		Adopted by the Socialist International, it was once was one of the most sung songs in the world, rivaling Amazing Grace and Silent Night in international renown.
		It remained so until 1944, when Stalin replaced it with the Hymn of the Soviet Union for reasons of morale.
		MIDI L'Internationale and Hymn of the Soviet Union courtesy Everwonder, a website designer and host (this site's host is Forever Media).
	www.communistvampires.com /music.htm (562 words)

	[No title]
		The Hymn of the Soviet Union Unbreakable Union of freeborn Republics, Great Russia has welded forever to stand.
		English Phonetic Translation for the Russian Lyrics to the Hymn of the Soviet Union
		Russian Lyrics to the Hymn of the Soviet Union
	www.angelfire.com /sc/usmclan/anthem2.html (229 words)

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