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Topic: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

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	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
		Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hypertrophy; ASH; HOCM; Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy, a condition in which the heart muscle to become thick.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a well-known cause of sudden death in athletes.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000192.htm (951 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
		The prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the general population is estimated to be from 0.2% to as high as 4.9% when echocardiographic screening is used (1).
		Although sudden death from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is uncommon, it may be the only indication of the condition; annual incidence is about 6% in children and young adults and 1% in adults 45 to 60 years of age (2).
		The most common form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is diffuse hypertrophy of the ventricular septum and anterolateral free wall (70% to 75% of cases) (figure 2: not shown), followed by basal septal hypertrophy (10% to 15%), concentric hypertrophy (<5%), hypertrophy of the lateral wall (1% to 2%), and apical hypertrophy (5).
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2000/06_00/deluca.htm (3212 words)

	FOCUS: Nonsurgical Septal Reduction
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV), with markedly variable genotype and phenotype.
		* Obstructive HCM in the elderly – associated with calcification of the mitral valve annulus and anterior displacement of the mitral valve.
		Schematic diagram of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy illustrating asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH), systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet (SAM) and obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract.
	www.hmc.org.qa /hmc/heartviews/issue9/FOCUS.htm (3934 words)

	A Physician's Guide to the Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a fascinating disease entity, which has interested clinicians for nearly half a century.
		Symptoms in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and obstruction are primarily related to exertion.
		Recent trials of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy undergoing permanent pacing have shown that there is only a modest reduction in gradient (approximately 50 percent) and less than half of patients will have sustained symptomatic improvement.
	www.mayoclinic.org /hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy/physiciansguide.html (4923 words)

	CIGNA - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
		People with family members who have had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are at an increased risk for developing this condition and, as a result, have a slightly higher risk of early death than the general population.
		Most people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy should be assessed by a cardiologist to determine their risk for ventricular tachycardia, an abnormally fast heart rate that can result in sudden death.
		Because some people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be at increased risk for sudden death, it is a good idea for family members to learn CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/hw52662.html (3713 words)

	HCMA :: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Association \| HCM Overview \| What is Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
		Cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the muscle of the heart is abnormal in the absence of an apparent cause.
		Few individual investigators have seen large numbers of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and therefore individuals have come to regard the overall disease based on their own (sometimes limited) experience.
		"Cardiomyopathy" itself is a very general term referring to any condition (and there are many) importantly affecting the heart muscle itself while "hypertrophic cardiomyopathy" refers to a specific and genetic condition which usually shows a familial pattern.
	www.4hcm.org /WCMS/index.php?overview (561 words)

	Pediatric Cardiomyopathy
		Secondary cardiomyopathy refers to cases where the disease occurs secondary to a known cause such as heart muscle inflammation (myocarditis) caused by viral or bacterial infections; exposure to certain toxins such as heavy metals or excessive alcohol use; or certain disorders that affect the heart and/or additional organs systems.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by abnormal thickening of the walls of the heart resulting in obstruction of blood flow in and out of the heart.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in more than 50 percent of cases.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord1128.htm (3657 words)

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Page 1
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by the abnormal growth of muscle fibers on the heart muscle, often causing a thickened septum.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is generally considered a genetic disease that affects about percent of the population, or one in 500 people.
		While hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a potentially serious condition, sometimes with an unpredictable onset of symptoms, many patients experience only minor intrusion from the disease, enjoying a normal lifespan without the need for major medical procedures.
	heart.health.ivillage.com /cardiomyopathy/hypertrophiccardiomyopathy.cfm (617 words)

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Page 1 - HeartCenterOnline:
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by the abnormal growth of muscle fibers on the heart muscle, often causing a thickened septum.
		Cardiomyopathy is a disease in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened and/or stiffened.
		While hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a potentially serious condition, sometimes with an unpredictable onset of symptoms, many patients experience only minor intrusion from the disease, enjoying a normal lifespan without the need for major medical procedures.
	heart.healthcentersonline.com /cardiomyopathy/hypertrophiccardiomyopathy.cfm (571 words)

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has classically been defined as hypertrophy of the myocardium greater than 1.5 cm without an identifiable cause (Figures 1 and 2).
		The treatment of patients with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is difficult and less effective than in those with obstructive disease.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Tuscany: clinical course and outcome in an unselected regional population.
	www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /diseasemanagement/cardiology/hypertrophic/hypertrophic.htm (3568 words)

	eMedicine - Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic : Article by Michael E Zevitz, MD
		Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder that is typically inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with variable penetrance and variable expressivity.
		Obstructive HCM is due to midsystolic obstruction to flow through the LV outflow tract as a result of a Bernoulli effect–induced systolic anterior mitral valve movement toward the septum.
		The hallmarks of the obstructive type of HCM consist of systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral valve leaflet and asymmetric septal hypertrophy with a ratio of septal wall thickness to posterior wall thickness of greater than 1.4:1.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic290.htm (6691 words)

	ACC/ESC Clinical Consensus on Hypertrophic - TOC
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a large community-based population: clinical outcome and identification of risk factors for sudden cardiac death and clinical deterioration.
		Infective endocarditis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: prevalence, incidence, and indications for antibiotic prophylaxis.
		Cardiac arrest in an adolescent with atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
	www.acc.org /clinical/consensus/cardiomyopathy/references.htm (5776 words)

	Mayo Clinic: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy treatment and diagnosis options at mayoclinic.org
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a rare disorder and affects only one or two people out of 1,000.
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is diagnosed and treated by cardiovascular specialists in collaboration with cardiac (heart) surgeons.
		Cardiomyopathy is diagnosed and treated by a team of physicians in cardiovascular diseases, cardiac surgery, genetics, and specialists from other areas as needed.
	www.mayoclinic.org /hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy/index.html (702 words)

	Cardiomyopathy - Cardiomyopathy Disease - Symptoms - Information - Diagnosis - Treatment - Causes - Medication - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Primary cardiomyopathy can't be attributed to a specific cause, such as hypertension, heart valve disease, artery diseases or congenital heart defects.
		Secondary cardiomyopathy is due to specific causes and is often associated with diseases involving other organs as well as the heart.
		When cardiomyopathy results in marked cardiac dilation, the leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valves may not be able to close properly, resulting in murmurs.
	health-medical.infomeds.biz /medical-ency/Cardiomyopathy.htm (961 words)

	Surgery for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
		In obstructive HCM the mitral leaflets are often large and are anteriorly positioned in the LV cavity.
		Reoperation for persistent outflow obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
		Impact of dual-chamber permanent pacing in patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with symptoms refractory to verapamil and b-adrenergic blocker therapy.
	www.hcmny.org /hcmprog/cardiomyopathy.htm (7479 words)

	Cardiomyopathy - My Child Has - Children's Hospital Boston
		Cardiomyopathy is any disease of the heart muscle in which the heart loses its ability to pump blood effectively.
		In some instances, cardiomyopathy is a result of another disease or its treatment, such as complex congenital (present at birth) heart disease, nutritional deficiencies, uncontrollable, fast heart rhythms, or certain types of chemotherapy for childhood cancers.
		Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (also known as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, HOCM; asymmetric septal hypertrophy, ASH; or idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, IHSS) -- In this type of cardiomyopathy, the muscle mass of the left ventricle of the heart is larger than normal, or the wall between the two ventricles (septum) becomes enlarged.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site484/mainpageS484P0.html (860 words)

	Cardiomyopathy
		Cardiomyopathy is a serious disease in which the heart muscle becomes inflamed and doesn't work as well as it should.
		Primary cardiomyopathy can't be attributed to a specific cause, such as high blood pressure, heart valve disease, artery diseases or congenital heart defects.
		The syndrome is known as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (H.O.C.M.) or asymmetric septal hypertrophy (A.S.H.).
	www.americanheart.org /presenter.jhtml?identifier=4468 (978 words)

	WHOI - Therapeutic Heart Attack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Cardiomyopathy is an inflammation of the heart muscle.
		In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the muscle of the left ventricle (the lower, main pumping chamber) enlarges, or hypertrophies.
		The condition is characterized by an abnormal growth and arrangement of the heart muscle fibers, which causes the walls of the heart to thicken.
	www.hoinews.com /news/features/4/444997.html (688 words)

	National Heart Foundation -- Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, the growth and arrangement of muscle fibres are abnormal, leading to thickened heart walls. The greatest thickening tends to occur in the left ventricle (the heart's main pumping chamber), especially in the septum ( the wall that separates the left and right ventricles).
		Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is a rare disease that can affect men and women of all ages.
		Symptoms can appear in either childhood or adulthood. Most cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are inherited. Because of this, a patient's family members often are checked for signs of the disease, although the signs may be much less evident or even absent in them. In other cases, there is no clear cause.
	www.nhf.org.nz /index.asp?PageID=2145823217 (245 words)

	Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
		This pattern is similar to that of a fixed sub-aortic obstruction (as described in an earlier unit of this series) but usually in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy the cusps tend to remain fully open for longer and the fluttering as they partially close is coarser and more irregular.
		Careful examination of the apex is, therefore, requisite in all patients suspected of having obstructive cardiomyopathy.
		The diagnostic problems found in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy are a good example of one of the pitfalls inherent in any technique, namely of inferring that an echocardiographic abnormality reflects a particular pathological process.
	www.echoincontext.com /int2/skillI2_07.asp (1174 words)

	Critical Care Nurse: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and septal ablation - Cardiovascular Medicine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		HOCM is a thickening of the ventricle in the heart that causes a decrease in blood flow.
		(2) The study of gene involvement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has progressed through the use of mice in which the mutation was induced.
		(2,4) These findings may indicate a link between the 2 noted observations: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of death in athletes, and most sudden deaths on the sports field occur in men.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0NUC/is_3_23/ai_103194090 (1424 words)

	U-M CVC - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disease that affects certain proteins within heart muscle cells.
		Children with HCM usually do not participate in vigorous gym class routines, but if light exercise is permitted by their doctor, they should be allowed to self-limit their level of exertion and they should not be graded (which could pressure them to exceed their natural limits).
		Gajarski RJ and Towbin J. Recent advances in the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of myocarditis and cardiomyopathies in children.
	www.med.umich.edu /cvc/mchc/parcarh.htm (1005 words)

	Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: long term follow up ...
		Catheter treatment in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: identification of the perfusion area of septal branches by myocardial contrast echocardiography [abstract].
		Effect of dual-chamber pacing on systolic and diastolic function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: acute Doppler echocardiographic and catheterization hemodynamic study.
		Relief of obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by transient occlusion of the first septal branch of the left coronary artery [abstract].
	heart.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/3/326 (3471 words)

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, HCM, HOCM medical information
		Sudden death in older people is usually due to coronary artery disease (blocked arteries in the heart), where as sudden death in young people (35 years of age or less) is usually from inherited heart conditions that run in families.
		Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) - which in simple terms is called a ‘chunky heart muscle heart disorder - is the most common cause of sudden death in young people.
		HCM was first recognised in the late 1950’s and has been known by a number of names, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy", "idiopathic hypertrophic sub-aortic stenosis" and "muscular sub-aortic stenosis" but it is generally referred to as HCM.
	www.c-r-y.org.uk /hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy.htm (1323 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, Idiopathic Hypertrophic ...
		Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which a portion of the heart muscle is abnormally thick.
		One of the main blood-pumping chambers of the heart, called the left ventricle, is affected in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
		The cause is of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is unknown, but most cases are thought to be inherited.
	www.healthopedia.com /hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy (296 words)

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