
	Where results make sense

Topic: Hypochloremia

Related Topics

Electrolyte disturbance

Hyperchloremia

Dehydration

Gastroenteritis

In the News (Mon 4 Jun 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Serum Chloride
		This form of hypochloremia does not reflect total body chloride or sodium depletion, and, in fact, many of the conditions associated with dilutional hypochloremia have a normal or increased total body content of chloride and sodium.
		Individuals with dilutional hypochloremia generally have a normal or elevated blood pressure and evidence of ECF volume expansion.
		Conditions associated with a respiratory acidosis (e.g., retention of CO as with chronic obstructive lung disease) cause the proximal tubule to increase its secretion of hydrogen ion.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?rid=cm.chapter.5559 (2714 words)

	Chloride Imbalance
		Hypochloremia and hyperchloremia are,respectively, conditions of deficient or excessive serum levels of the anion chloride.
		Because of the natural affinity of sodium and chloride ions, chloride imbalance frequently produces signs and symptoms also associated with sodium imbalance.
		A serum chloride level that's less than 98 mEq/L confirms hypochloremia; supportive values with metabolic alkalosis include a serum pH greater than 7.45 and a serum carbon dioxide level greater than 32 mEqIL.
	www.health-care-clinic.org /diseases/chloride-imbalance.htm (539 words)

	Hypochloremia - Low Chloride Count In Blood
		Hypochloremia is a low level of chloride in the blood.
		Many people do not notice any symptoms, unless they are experiencing very high or very low levels of chloride in their blood.
		As with most types of electrolyte imbalance, the treatment of low blood chloride levels is based on correcting the cause.
	www.chemocare.com /managing/hypochloremia-low-chloride.asp (465 words)

	CHLORIDE
		However, chloride content of infant cow's milk and soy formulae has stimulated interest in the past 15 years because of iatrogenic hypochloremia induced by several infant formulas with deficient chloride concentrations.
		Depending on intake of "free" water, hyponatremia (deficiency of sodium in the blood) and hypochloremia may ensue, such as in water overload, wasting, and trauma with sequestration of extracellular fluid as in burns.
		Selective chloride deficiency (without sodium deficiency) may result from vomiting, as in pyloric stenosis in infancy or continuous gastric suction with resulting metabolic alkalosis.
	www.tjclarkco.com /MINERALS/chloride.htm (625 words)

	VENLAFAXINE
		Hyponatremia and hypochloremia were reported following venlafaxine therapy.
		The average onset of the hyponatremia was 9 days after initiation of venlafaxine therapy and the serum sodium concentrations ranged from 116 to 130 mEq/L (normal 135 to 145 mEq/L) (Boyd, 1998a).
		Two cases of hypochloremia were reported following therapeutic use of venlafaxine.
	www.antidepressantsfacts.com /effexor.htm (3288 words)

	Chloride Imbalance
		A deficient serum level of the anion chloride results in hypochloremia; an excessive serum chloride level causes hyperchloremia.
		For patients with hypochloremia, the goal of treatment is to correct the condition that causes excessive chloride loss and to give an oral replacement such as salty broth.
		When oral therapy isn't possible or when emergency measures are necessary, treatment may include I.V. administration of normal saline solution (if hypovolemia is present) or chloride-containing drugs, such as ammonium chloride to increase serum chloride levels, and potassium chloride for metabolic alkalosis.
	www.family-health-information.com /diseases/metabolic-disorders/chloride-imbalance.htm (490 words)

	Bicarbonate (TCO2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This usually indicates a metabolic alkalosis and is associated with hypochloremia.
		The hallmarks of metabolic alkalosis are increased bicarbonate and hypochloremia, usually with volume depletion, hypokalemia (K+ also is lost in gastric secretions) and a paradoxic aciduria.
		In horses, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis can develop when overexerted, through loss of water and electrolytes in sweating.
	www.diaglab.vet.cornell.edu /clinpath/modules/chem/bicarb.htm (603 words)

	[No title]
		For mild to moderate dehydration, D5-0.45 NS with 20-40 mEq KCl/l is often used at a rate 1.5-2 times maintenance until volume is restored.
		Many infants present with some degree of metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, and hypokalemia.
		There may be a paradoxical aciduria which implies a significant potassium deficit.
	www.aims.unc.edu /resources/knowledgebase/entry.aspx?id=128 (609 words)

	Chloride: The Test
		Hyperchloremia also occurs when too much base is lost from the body (producing metabolic acidosis), or when a person hyperventilates (causing respiratory alkalosis).
		Decreased levels of chloride (called hypochloremia) occur with any disorder that causes low blood sodium.
		Hypochloremia also occurs with prolonged vomiting or gastric suction, chronic diarrhea, emphysema, or other chronic lung disease (causing respiratory acidosis), and with loss of acid from the body (called metabolic alkalosis).
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/analytes/chloride/test.html (742 words)

	Hyperkaliemia and Neonatal Bartter Syndrome: an Unusual Association - Health - RedOrbit
		All disease variants follow autosomal recessive inheritance, and recently their genetical basis have been described.
		Grouped by the common definition of hereditary hypokaliemic tubulopathies, they are clinically characterized by the presence of renal hyponatremia, metabolic hypokaliemic alkalosis, hypochloremia and normotensive hyperrreninemic hyperaldosteronism, as well as for an increased renal wasting of sodium, chloride, potassium and calcium with nephrocalcinosis and a severe polyuria.
		The neonatal Bartter variant is frequently associated to the antecedents of polyhydramnios and premature delivery.
	www.redorbit.com /news/health/546825/hyperkaliemia_and_neonatal_bartter_syndrome_an_unusual_association/index.html (298 words)

	Electrolytes, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Bicarbonate by MedicineNet.com
		Increased chloride (hyperchloremia): Elevations in chloride may be seen in diarrhea, certain kidney diseases, and sometimes in overactivity of the parathyroid glands.
		Decreased chloride (hypochloremia): Chloride is normally lost in the urine, sweat, and stomach secretions.
		Excessive loss can occur from heavy sweating, vomiting, and adrenal gland and kidney disease.
	www.medicinenet.com /electrolytes/article.htm (672 words)

	SCHOOL HEALTH MANUAL
		Biliary cirrhosis and portal hypertension symptoms include: jaundice in newborn; firm, modular liver, often palpable in midline; splenomegaly; hypersplenism - decreased white blood count and platelets, anemia; hematemsis and melena from esophageal varices; and ascites.
		Sweat gland problems also occur - Hyponatremia and Hypochloremia.
		Because of the high concentration of salt and chlorine secreted by the sweat glands, those suffering from Cystic Fibrosis experience extreme heat exhaustion during periods of exercise, hot weather or febrile states (fever).
	www.state.me.us /education/sh/cysticfibr.htm (888 words)

	EHS: Nursing Care Planning Guides - Care Planner: Diagnosis: Altered fluid and electrolyte balance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis related to loss of electrolytes and hydrochloric acid associated with vomiting and nasogastric tube drainage;
		The client will not experience fluid volume deficit, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, or metabolic alkalosis as evidenced by:
		to prevent or treat fluid volume deficit, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis:
	www1.us.elsevierhealth.com /SIMON/Ulrich/Constructor/diagnoses.cfm?did=4\|5\| (670 words)

	Cardiology Case Study 12 Instructor's Assessment
		Diuretic therapy can cause hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia (unless potassium sparing), metabolic alkalosis, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypomagnesemia, and calcium abnormalities (hypocalcemia with loops and hypercalcemia with thiazides).
		Diuretics may cause prerenal azotemia characterized by an increased BUN/creatinine ratio of > 20:1.
		Amlodipine or mibefradil would also be good choices since these CCB do not have significant negative inotropic effects and therefore do not aggravate CHF.
	www2.kumc.edu /instruction/pharmacy/old_cardiocases/case12/return.html (242 words)

	Cl (chloride) definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Increased chloride (hyperchloremia): Elevations in chloride may be seen in diarrhea, certain kidney diseases, and sometimes in overactivity of the parathyroid glands.
		Decreased chloride (hypochloremia): Chloride is normally lost in the urine, sweat, and stomach secretions.
		Excessive loss can occur from heavy sweating, vomiting, and adrenal gland and kidney disease.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2742 (198 words)

	eMedicine - Bartter Syndrome : Article by Prasad Devarajan, MD
		Background: Bartter syndrome, originally described by Bartter and colleagues in 1962, is known today to represent a set of closely related autosomal recessive renal tubular disorders characterized by hypokalemia, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, and hyperreninemia with normal BP.
		Evaluation of hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis is essential for diagnosis.
		Hypomagnesemia may be present and necessitates exclusion of Gitelman syndrome, in which hypomagnesemia is a cardinal finding.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic210.htm (3249 words)

	A brief note on Stewart
		Chloride shifts occur in relation to gastrointestinal abnormality.
		If the hyperchloric gastric contents are lost through vomiting or through gastric tube suction then a hypochloremia can result.
		The positive charge increase associated with the SID must be balanced by an increase OH-.
	www.anaesthetist.com /icu/elec/ionz/useful1.htm (1522 words)

	[No title]
		Additional findings: decreased skin turgor, dry mucous membranes Significant Laboratory Findings: Serum electrolytes: Na+ 141mEq/L K+ 2.5 mEq/L Cl 85mEq/L (we did not talk about Chloride in class — no test questions on it) HCO3 43mEq/L BUN 42mg/dl Hct 49% Evaluate Kathleen’s fluid volume and electrolyte status.
		B is most likely experiencing fluid volume deficit; hypokalemia; hypochloremia; metabolic alkalosis.
		Increased BUN & increased Hct indicate hemoconcentration — blood is more concentrated than it should be (due to lack of fluid) so these values are elevated.
	www.queens.edu /pdf/upload/nursing/fluidcasestudyanswers.doc (411 words)

	What are the complications of bulimia nervosa?
		Potentially fatal irregular heart rhythms can occur as a result, so testing patients for these imbalances is very important.
		Certain electrolyte imbalances—hypokalemia (potassium too low), metabolic alkalosis (blood too alkaline), and hypochloremia (chloride too low) occur more often in patients who purge through vomiting or abuse diuretics.
		The menstrual cycles of females with bulimia nervosa can be altered, although few patients have long-term cessation of menses, and many patients maintain their normal level of sexual activity.
	www.bulimiaguide.org /summary/detail.aspx?doc_id=9461&hide=1 (539 words)

	Definition of hypochloremia - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Click here to search for another word in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
		Visit Britannica.com for more information on "hypochloremia "
		Get the Top 10 Search Results for "hypochloremia "
	www.bonus.com /contour/merriam_webster/http@@/www.m-w.com/dictionary/hypochloremia (55 words)

	Hypotension in NKCC1 null mice: role of the kidneys -- Wall et al. 290 (2): F409 -- AJP - Renal Physiology
		water excretion did not respond appropriately to the hypochloremia
		thus limiting the hypochloremia observed in NKCC1 null mice.
		attenuates the hypochloremia observed in NKCC1 null mice ingesting
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16159893 (4166 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)