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Topic: Hypoplasia

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	Cerebellar Hypoplasia Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Cerebellar hypoplasia is a developmental disorder characterized by the incomplete or underdevelopment of the cerebellum.
		Cerebellar hypoplasia may be caused by thyroid abnormalities, environmental influences such as drugs and chemicals or viral infections, or stroke.
		Cerebellar hypoplasia may be associated with other disorders including Dandy Walker syndrome, Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome, and Walker-Warburg syndrome.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/cerebellar_hypoplasia/cerebellar_hypoplasia.htm (281 words)

	Cerebellar hypoplasia (non-human) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cerebellar hypoplasia is a disorder found in cats and dogs in which the cerebellum is not completely mature at birth.
		Usually symptoms of cerebellar hypoplasia can be seen immediately at birth in cats, but sometimes can take two months or so to become apparent in dogs.
		Cerebellar hypoplasia causes jerky movements, tremors and generally uncoordinated motion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cerebellar_hypoplasia_(non-human) (208 words)

	X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita - Genetics Home Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita is a disorder that mainly affects males.
		X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita is estimated to affect 1 in 12,500 newborns.
		Mutations in the NR0B1 gene cause X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=xlinkedadrenalhypoplasiacongenita?wf=1 (695 words)

	Aniridia Network - Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Hypoplasia is a medical term for underdevelopment therefore optic nerve hypoplasia means underdevelopment of the optic nerve.
		In a recent study of 56 people with aniridia, optic nerve hypoplasia was found in roughly 10% of patients with aniridia and may occur independently or in association with foveal hypoplasia.
		Optic nerve hypoplasia is not a progressive condition, and it cannot be cured.
	www.aniridia.org /conditions/optic.html (463 words)

	Pulmonary hypoplasia -- PORTER 81 (2): 81 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition
		Pulmonary hypoplasia is common in the perinatal period and a significant cause of death in newborn infants.
		The pulmonary hypoplasia associated with trisomy 21 is due to reduced numbers of alveoli and a smaller alveolar surface area.
		Pulmonary hypoplasia: A morphometric study of the lungs of infants with diaphragmatic hernia, anencephaly and renal malformations.
	fn.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/81/2/F81 (2412 words)

	C- Cerebellar Hypoplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		When a puppy or kitten is born with an underdeveloped cerebellum, the condition is known as congenital cerebellar hypoplasia.
		Almost all dogs and cats with congenital cerebellar hypoplasia can live happily as pets with a little special care to compensate for their disabilities.
		This condition can be confused with cerebellar abiotrophy, a different disorder in dogs in which the puppy has a normal cerebellum at birth but it gradually dies.
	www.vetinfo.com /cencyclopedia/cecerhypo.html (351 words)

	Fact Sheet Optic Nerve Hypoplasia
		TM Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH) refers to the underdevelopment of the optic nerve during pregnancy.
		The dying back of optic nerve fibers as the child develops in utero is a natural process, and ONH may be an exaggeration of that process.
		Septo optic dysplasia: a syndrome which includes midline abnormalities of the brain and optic nerve hypoplasia.
	www.blindbabies.org /factsheet_onh.htm (1277 words)

	Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Optic nerve hypoplasia is a congenital condition in which the optic nerve has not developed properly; it is too small.
		Optical nerve hypoplasia was once considered a rare condition, but now it is thought to be the most common congenital defect of the optic nerve.
		Children with bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia usually present in infancy with poor vision and nystagmus, or shaking of the eyes.
	www.nfb.org /fr/fr1/optic.htm (507 words)

	Vaginal Hypoplasia
		The incidence of significant vaginal hypoplasia among AIS patients does not seem to be known.
		In pubertal girls with AIS, the issue of vaginal hypoplasia should not be ignored or deferred until a girl is considered old enough to begin her sex life.
		What seems to be, in our experience, more important than early 'correction' of vaginal hypoplasia is having an opportunity to talk about the issues involved, both psychological as well as physical, when the girl reaches an age where she can understand about her condition.
	www.medhelp.org /www/ais/31_HPLASIA.HTM (4366 words)

	eMedicine - Adrenal Hypoplasia : Article by Thomas A Wilson, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The X-linked form is associated with hypoplasia of the definitive adult zone of the adrenal cortex with preservation of the fetal zone.
		The estimated equivalency is 1 mg prednisone = 4 mg hydrocortisone, and 1 mg dexamethasone = 40 mg hydrocortisone.
		Congenital adrenal hypoplasia may be overlooked because of the often-insidious nature of the symptoms and the common occurrence of other conditions that mimic this condition (ie, sepsis, hemorrhage, gastroenteritis).
	www.emedicine.com /PED/topic45.htm (3852 words)

	Optic nerve hypoplasia: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Optic nerve hypoplasia is a medical condition that results in underdevelopment of the optic nerve optic nerve quick summary:
		Nystagmus is rapid involuntary rhythmic eye movement, with the eyes moving quickly in one direction (quick phase), and then slowly in the other (slow phase)....
		Septo-optic dysplasia (sod) is a congenital birth defectmalformation syndrome manifested by hypoplasia (underdevelopment) of the optic nerve, hypopituitarism,...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/op/optic_nerve_hypoplasia.htm (817 words)

	Article : Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Hypoplasia Associated with Down’s Syndrome - A Case Report ; Author : DU ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Hypoplasia or aplasia of the carotid arterial system is a rare congenital malformation.
		Hypoplasia of an artery is differentiated from aplasia by the presence of a patent but very reduced vascular lumen, while aplasia is associated with vestiges of nonpatent vessel.
		Anomalies of the internal carotid artery-agenesis, aplasia and hypoplasia.
	www.ijri.org /articles/archives/2002-12-4/vascular_523.htm (964 words)

	Child Health Resources \| Children's Hospital & Regional Medical Center
		The presentation is variable and dependent on the severity of the hypoplasia.
		The most important factors leading to a diagnosis are: history of fetal anomalies associated with lung hypoplasia, history of mom having too little amniotic fluid, and a chest radiograph showing small lungs.
		The hope is that neonates with lung hypoplasia might be treated with lung growth factors that would promote growth of normal lung, reduce the need for artificial support and its attendant propensity to cause injury and allow for a healthier life.
	www.pediatricweb.com /seattle/article.asp?ArticleID=829&ArticleType=9 (1009 words)

	Handbook of Ocular Disease Management - Optic Nerve Head Hypoplasia
		Because optic nerve head hypoplasia is congenital, it is typically diagnosed in younger patients at their initial eye examination.
		ONH hypoplasia may be part of larger clinical syndromes such as septo-optic dysplasia, which is marked by short stature, congenital nystagmus and a hypoplastic disc.
		In cases of ONH hypoplasia, the associated refractive and/or binocular findings are secondary findings rather than primary causes of the problem.
	www.revoptom.com /handbook/sect6i.htm (528 words)

	Syringomyelia (SM) and the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
		Occipital hypoplasia is described as a displacement of the cerebellum into the area of the foramen magnum and a kinking of the medulla and an indentation of the cerebellum.
		"Hypoplasia" is a medical term defined as underdevelopment or incomplete development, and so, "occipital hypoplasia" in this instance means an underdeveloped or incompletely developed occipital bone, which is part of the back of the skull.
		Above: This image shows mild occipital hypoplasia – the cerebellum is very slightly indented, the kinking of the medulla is normal for a toy breed and there is displacement of the cerebellum into and just out of the foramen magnum.
	www.cavalierhealth.org /syringomyelia.htm (4806 words)

	eMedicine - Pulmonary Hypoplasia : Article by Girija Natarajan, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The hypoxemia in pulmonary hypoplasia stems from hypoventilation and right-to-left extrapulmonary shunting.
		In right-sided hypoplasia, the heart is displaced to the right, which may lead to a mistaken diagnosis of dextrocardia.
		When the etiology of the hypoplasia is a neuromuscular disease, the patient may have a myopathic facies with a V shaped mouth, muscle weakness, and growth retardation.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2627.htm (3829 words)

	Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) or McKusick type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia is a rare form of dwarfism.
		Cartilage-hair hypoplasia in the Amish: increased susceptibility to malignancy.
		Makitie, O. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia in Finland: epidemiological and genetic aspects of 107 patients.
	www.hopkinsmedicine.org /greenbergcenter/CHH.htm (658 words)

	Primary renal hypoplasia in humans and mice with PAX2 mutations: evidence of increased apoptosis in fetal kidneys of ...
		Primary renal hypoplasia in humans and mice with PAX2 mutations: evidence of increased apoptosis in fetal kidneys of Pax21Neu +/- mutant mice -- Porteous et al.
		Primary renal hypoplasia in humans and mice with PAX2 mutations: evidence of increased apoptosis in fetal kidneys of Pax2
		Ureteric Bud Apoptosis and Renal Hypoplasia in Transgenic PAX2-Bax Fetal Mice Mimics the Renal-Coloboma Syndrome
	hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/9/1/1 (6747 words)

	FEMORAL HYPOPLASIA - Parents Group - Syndrome Description
		The syndrome includes bilateral femoral hypoplasia; facial dysmorphism with a cleft palate, micrognathia, a long philtrum, a thin upper lip, and a short broad-tipped nose; dysplasia of the hips; and hypoplasia of the fibulae.
		The femoral hypoplasia syndrome and unusual facies in an infant of a diabetic mother
		The infant girl died of lung hypoplasia associated with dysplastic kidneys and widely patent ductus arteriosus.
	home.mchsi.com /~deering9/fh/descripfh.html (1776 words)

	Aniridia Network - Fovea/Macula Hypoplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Hypoplasia is a medical term for underdevelopment therefore fovea/macula hypoplasia means underdevelopment of the macula generally or the fovea specificly, there is no clear distinction between the two doctors have their own preference of which term to use.
		Depending on the how underdeveloped the macula is, the most significant affect of fovea hypoplasia is reduced visual acuity.
		Because aniridia is condition that occurs in both eyes, both eyes will usually have fovea/macula hypoplasia.
	www.aniridia.org /conditions/Fovea.html (442 words)

	Prenatal Prediction of Pulmonary Hypoplasia: Clinical, Biometric, and Doppler Velocity Correlates -- Laudy et al. 109 ...
		Prenatal Prediction of Pulmonary Hypoplasia: Clinical, Biometric, and Doppler Velocity Correlates -- Laudy et al.
		Askenazi SS, Perlman M. Pulmonary hypoplasia: lung weight and radial alveolar count as criteria of diagnosis.
		Risk factors for pulmonary hypoplasia in second trimester premature rupture of membranes.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/109/2/250 (4846 words)

	Hypoplasia definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Hypoplasia: Underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ.
		For example, there can be hypoplasia (underdevelopment) of the enamel of the teeth.
		Hypoplasia is less drastic than aplasia where there is no development at all.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3863 (168 words)

	Underdeveloped or Absent Thumb (Thumb Hypoplasia/Aplasia) - My Child Has - Children's Hospital Boston (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The appearance of these latter conditions -- known hypoplasia if the digit is unusually small and underdeveloped, or aplasia if the digit is missing, can be quite disturbing to parents.
		The thumb is slightly scaled down in size, but all of the structures of the thumb, the bones, tendons, ligaments, muscles and joints are normal.
		It is a term used to describe an operation that involves creating a functional thumb by transferring the child's index finger.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site2011/mainpageS2011P0.html (805 words)

	Pulmonary Hypoplasia: Prediction with Use of Ratio of MR Imaging-measured Fetal Lung Volume to US-estimated Fetal Body ...
		Dots represent 73 fetuses at low risk for pulmonary hypoplasia; open triangles, eight fetuses at high risk but without pulmonary hypoplasia; and gray triangles, nine fetuses at high risk and with pulmonary hypoplasia.
		The FLV/FBW was significantly lower in the fetuses in the high-risk group with pulmonary hypoplasia than in those in the high-risk group without the abnormality.
		hypoplasia is characterized by a substantial reduction in lung
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/232/3/767 (3610 words)

	FOCAL DERMAL HYPOPLASIA (GOLTZ SYNDROME): Contact a Family - for families with disabled children: information on rare ...
		There are a few entities like MIDAS that can resemble Focal Dermal Hypoplasia to a great extent.
		Focal Dermal Hypoplasia is thought to be inherited as an X-linked dominant condition.
		Males with the affected gene are thought not to survive early pregnancy.
	www.cafamily.org.uk /Direct/f31.html (968 words)

	What is Optic Nerve Hypoplasia?
		Optic nerve hypoplasia, sometimes called septo-optic dysplasia or deMorsier’s syndrome, is the under-development or absence of the optic nerve combined with possible brain and endocrine abnormalities.
		Even with close and careful monitoring of these endocrine deficiencies can be dangerous to those afflicted…without careful monitoring these conditions can be deadly.
		View a video clip of one family’s OHN story in “Lessons from Jack,” a March 15 news report provided courtesy of Los Angeles’ KTTV Channel 11.
	www.onesmallvoicefoundation.org /whatisonh.html (384 words)

	Retinal neovascularisation in Goltz syndrome (focal dermal hypoplasia) -- DUNLOP et al. 83 (9): 1088 -- British Journal ...
		Retinal neovascularisation in Goltz syndrome (focal dermal hypoplasia)
		Focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare disorder of ectodermal and mesodermal dysplasia originally described by Goltz et al.
		Warburg M. Focal dermal hypoplasia: ocular and general manifestations with a survey of the literature.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/9/1088i (595 words)

	porencephaly-cerebellar hypoplasia-internal malformations syndrome
		A congenital syndrome of bilateral porencephaly, absence of the septum pellucidum, and cerebellar hypoplasia.
		Situs inversus and tetralogy of Fallot were observed in one of the original cases and atrial septal defect in the other.
		Nervous system: Porencephaly, absence of septum pellucidum, cerebellar hypoplasia, hydrocephalus, cerebral cortex abnormalities, hyperactive tendon reflexes, and seizures.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /mesh/jablonski/syndromes/syndrome535.html (127 words)

	Mid-face hypoplasia after long-term nasal ventilation -- Villa et al. 166 (8): 1142 -- American Journal of Respiratory ...
		Mid-face hypoplasia after long-term nasal ventilation -- Villa et al.
		the maxillary hypoplasia and the mandibular protrusion had visibly
		we cannot say exactly when her mid-face hypoplasia began.
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/166/8/1142 (752 words)

	DermAtlas: Online Dermatology Image Library dermatology image,Goltz syndrome,focal dermal hypoplasia,syndactyly ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Goltz syndrome or Focal Dermal Hypoplasia (FDH) was first described by Dr. Robert Goltz in 1962.
		This 4 week old girl was born with multiple cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and orthopedic anomalies.
		The presence of syndactyly, ectrodactyly, linear atrophic yellow plaques with telangiectasias, and longitudinal striations in the metaphyseal areas of the long bones in this child is typical of focal dermal hypoplasia.
	dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu /derm/result.cfm?Diagnosis=2077915330 (1140 words)

	Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med -- Abstract: Congenital adrenal hypoplasia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, October 1977, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		A 19-year-old male patient with congenital adrenal hypoplasia and elevated
		the cytomegalic form of congenital hypoplasia of the adrenals is suggested.
		X-Linked Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita: A Mutation in DAX1Expands the Phenotypic Spectrum in Males and Females
	archpedi.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/131/10/1117 (178 words)

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