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Topic: Hyposmia

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	Hyposmia definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Hyposmia definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Hyposmia: A reduced ability to smell and to detect odors.
		MedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9662 (76 words)

	Olfactory Dysfunction—An Early Diagnostic for Parkinson's Disease? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Since at least 1955, hyposmia has been known to occur in patients with Parkinson’s disease, according to Nicolaas Bohnen, MD, Associate Professor of Radiology and Neurology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
		Early results from an ongoing study conducted by his group suggest that in first-degree relatives of patients with Parkinson’s disease, a combination of smell and cognitive testing is better at predicting a dopamine deficit than are motor tests.
		Hyposmia in first-degree relatives of Parkinson’s disease patients also correlates with low caffeine intake, according to a third study.
	www.neurologyreviews.com /aug06/olfactory.html (683 words)

	[No title]
		Composite Score: derived from the performance average of the two components (0-7): anosmia 0.0-1.75 severe hyposmia 2.0-3.75 moderate hyposmia 4.0-4.75 mild hyposmia 5.0-5.75 normosmia 6.0-7.0 d.
		Anosmia and hyposmia have been reported after a single exposure to sulfuric acid, hydrogen cyanide, phosphorous oxychloride, and other agents, but these cases are rare and usually associated with extremely high concentrations of the agent.
		Hyposmia and anosmia have been associated with tetracycline, streptomycin, lincomycin, ZnSO4, D-penicillamine, and griseofulvin.
	www.utmb.edu /oto/Grand_Rounds_Earlier.dir/Olfactory_Disorders_1993.txt (2918 words)

	Use of lecithin to restore olfaction and taste - Patent 5001117
		A therapeutic method for reversing hyposmia or anosmia in a human patient in need thereof comprising orally administering to said patient an amount of a phosphatidylcholine effective to increase pretreatment blood choline levels to reverse hyposmia or anosmia.
		The present invention provides a method to reverse hyposmia (reduction in ability to taste and smell) or anosmia (total loss of ability to taste and smell) in human patients afflicted with these conditions comprising the administration to said patients of an effective amount of a choline-containing compound, such as lecithin.
		The hyposmia or anosmia was confirmed and was demonstrated by a series of standard pre-screen tests to be unrelated to otherwise identifiable, treatable factors, such as B-12 deficiency.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5001117.html (2199 words)

	UCSD Medical Center: Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery : Nasal Dysfunction : Types of Nasal Dysfunction
		Hyposmia - partial loss of the sense of smell.
		Phantosmia is a situation in which one smells an odor for which there is no stimulus; hence it is a phantom smell.
		Dysosmia - any defect or impairment in the sense of smell, and therefore is a collective term which would include hyposmia, anosmia, parosmia, and phantosmia.
	health.ucsd.edu /specialties/Surgery/otolaryngology/nasal/types.htm (1481 words)

	Sense of Smell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Hyposmia — – The most common type of smell loss experienced by humans, it may occur following an influenza like illness, a blow to the head, nasal allergies or from unknown causes.
		A recent survey of the sense of smell determined that 15 million people in the US have had this type of smell loss.
		Type 1 Hyposmia — represents an impairment of smell at the olfactory epithelia area.
	www.senseofsmell.org /resources/glossary.php?item=H (144 words)

	Zinc and Anosmia
		Their research and the results of research they reviewed indicate that zinc treatment may produce considerable hyposmia, but not complete anosmia, at least not in most rats.
		Bulbectomized rats performed at chance level on this task, but rats treated with zinc sulfate (with one exception) performed as well after treatment as they had before treatment, at least when the scent was presented at high concentrations.
		For example, he asked if the fact that zinc sulphate produces anosmia or hyposmia in nonhuman animals means that zinc gluconate does the same in humans.
	personal.ecu.edu /wuenschk/Zinc.htm (2438 words)

	Patent 5,993,782 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		A patient should be started on 1 mg per day dosage and the dosage gradually increased until the patient regains the sense of smell.
		Dosage of patients who have responded should then be reduced to a maintenance dosage sufficient to retain the patient's sense of smell thereby minimizing the possibility of systemic effects.
		A therapeutic method for reversing hyposmia in a human patient in need thereof comprising administering to the olfactory epithelium of said patient a pharmaceutical aerosol composition comprising an effective amount of fluticasone propionate, wherein the effective amount is from 1 to 2 mg per day.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/113099OG/5993782_hyposmia113099.htm (520 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| A preliminary study of neuroSPECT evaluation of patients with post-traumatic smell ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Efforts to establish objective techniques to measure hyposmia and to determine the existence or nonexistence of post-traumatic impaired smell have included EEG, olfactory evoked responses, and magnetoencephalography, but they were without particular success [6].
		Brain activation in response to odors was present in patients with congenital hyposmia, but the activation was significantly lower than in normal subjects and patients with acquired hyposmia.
		One of the most widely referenced studies is that of Levy et al[6], in which the authors found that brain activation to three different olfactory stimuli (pyridine, menthone, amyl acetate) was lower in all nine brain sections in anosmic patients compared with normal subjects.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2385/5/6 (4151 words)

	The Taste and Smell Clinic - Theophyline Improves Smell Function in Patients with Hyposmia - Washington D.C. - Dr. R.I. ...
		We initially analyzed results in 230 patients tested by 8 different physicians and psychophysicists using the three stimuli, staircase, forced choice, sniff technique previously demonstrated to be effective in measuring smell function in both normal volunteers and in patients with various forms of smell loss (hyposmia).
		Patients with the most severe smell loss, Type I hyposmia, improved much less than those with a lesser degree of smell loss, Type II hyposmia, at each level of drug treatment.
		These results also indicate that patients with lesser degrees of smell loss (Type II hyposmia) improved much more than did patients with greater degrees of smell loss (Type I hyposmia), indicating the importance of quantitative measurements of smell loss by a standard clinical technique to determine treatment efficacy.
	www.tasteandsmell.com /aug05.htm (499 words)

	Cranial One > Physician Resources > Allergy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Simola and Malmberg (1998) found that the prevalence of hyposmia and the degree of smell impairment were significantly higher in the rhinitis group.
		Compared to nonatopic controls, patients with allergic rhinitis had significantly elevated olfactory thresholds and significantly higher total nasal resistance.
		Sinusitis and nasal polyps were significantly associated with hyposmia in the patient group.
	www.cranial-one.com /res_allergy.html (527 words)

	Deafblind International
		Their olfactive capacities were scored in 5 levels, taking into account both quantitative and qualitative results: normal, mild hyposmia, moderate hyposmia, severe hyposmia, and anosmia.
		We found a rather good correlation between the questionnaire answers and our objective results except in 4 cases: 2 cases in which the parents overestimated the olfactory abilities of their child and 2 cases in which they underestimated them.
		Children of the lowest intellectual level groups were almost all anosmic, but severe hyposmia and anosmia were observed in the groups of CHARGE with good intellectual level.
	www.deafblindinternational.org /large_text/cause_conf13.html (1016 words)

	MR evaluation of patients with congenital hyposmia or anosmia -- Yousem et al. 166 (2): 439 -- American Journal of ...
		MR evaluation of patients with congenital hyposmia or anosmia -- Yousem et al.
		MR evaluation of patients with congenital hyposmia or anosmia
		anosmia or hyposmia appears to be an olfactory bulb-olfactory tract
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/abstract/166/2/439 (369 words)

	Smell and Taste Disorders - Otolaryngology Health Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The loss of the senses of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia) are the most common chemosensory disorders.
		The reduced ability to smell (hyposmia) or to taste sweet, sour, bitter or salty substances (hypogeusia) are also common.
		In other disorders of the chemosenses, odors, tastes, or flavors may be misread or distorted, causing a person to detect an unpleasant odor or taste from something that is normally pleasant to taste or smell.
	www.umm.edu /ent/smell.htm (435 words)

	Dissertations from Karolinska Institutet - Published by Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institutet - ki.se
		Seventy-two patients with anosmia (46%) or hyposmia (54%) filled in the validated Multi-clinic Smell and Taste Questionnaire, the validated General Well-being Schedule (GWBS) and answered other questions shown to be of good validity.
		When hyposmia is the main symptom no additional benefit seems to be gained from surgical treatment.
		Moreover, a combination of problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies may be suggested to patients who have recently lost their sense of smell.
	diss.kib.ki.se /2004/91-7349-930-7 (856 words)

	Smell and Taste Disorders: Nose and Paranasal Sinus Disorders: Merck Manual Professional
		Hyposmia (diminished sense of smell) and hypogeusia (diminished sense of taste) can follow acute influenza, usually temporarily.
		Prior URI, especially influenza infection, is implicated in 14 to 26% of all presenting cases of hyposmia or anosmia.
		Most patients with anosmia have normal perception of salty, sweet, sour, and bitter substances but lack flavor discrimination, which is largely dependent on olfaction.
	www.merck.com /mmpe/print/sec08/ch091/ch091i.html (525 words)

	Hyposmia "for as long as I can remember" ... differential diagnosis
		A: Olfaction is the ability to smell; what you describe is, I suspect, diminished olfaction, or hyposmia (complete loss of olfaction is known as anosmia.) Hyposmia and anosmia are serious problems.
		At a minimum, they diminish the quality of life by impairing the sense of taste (which depends heavily on the sense of smell) and lessening the richness of the environment.
		Hyposmia and anosmia can also result in sickness (through ingestion of spoiled or contaminated food) and injury (impaired ability to smell smoke in a burning building, for example.)
	www.doctorhoffman.com /xhypos.htm (663 words)

	Zicam - Drug and Medical Lawsuits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Anosmia is the total loss of smell and consumers have claimed after using Zicam Anosmia, or sometimes hyposmia, or partial loss of smell was suffered.
		The Zicam suits allege it has been a long known fact that direct application of intranasal zinc has been the cause of the anosmia and hyposmia.
		Intranasal zinc solutions were used in 1936-1937 to prevent polio but it was found to be unsuccessful and to cause a loss of smell in some instances.
	www.hhrlaw.com /drugandmedicalinjuries/case_zicam_drug.html (288 words)

	Olfactory Dysfunction and Disorders
		Nearly 2/3 of cases of chronic anosmia and hyposmia that present to a clinic are likely due to prior upper respiratory tract infection, head trauma, and nasal and paranasal sinus disease.
		In patients with hyposmia following a URI, biopsy studies show greatly reduced number of olfactory receptors while the rest of the epithelial structures appear normal.
		No effective treatment has been found for post-URI hyposmia.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Olfactory-2003-1126/Olfactory-2003-1126.htm (3417 words)

	Anosmia
		Patients usually do not have total anosmia when tested, but instead the demonstrate hyposmia or partial loss of normal smell function.
		Costanzo et al demonstrated that the prevalence of anosmia is directly proportional to the severity of the head injury.
		The patient was diagnosed with hyposmia secondary to a viral upper respiratory tract infection and the nasal steroid spray was discontinued.
	www.bcm.edu /oto/grand/91594.html (2357 words)

	Disorders of Smell
		Without smell, you would not be able to distinguish toxic substances, you would be unaware of smoke from a fire, and you would not be able to recognize the odor of spoiled food.
		Disorders of smell can be classified as either hyposmia (a decrease in sensitivity) or anosmia (the complete absence of smell).
		However with hyposmia, the sense of smell can be either entirely or partially recovered.
	www.macalester.edu /psychology/whathap/UBNRP/Smell/disorders.html (489 words)

	Calcification of the Olfactory Bulbs in Three Patients with Hyposmia -- Ishman et al. 24 (10): 2097 -- American Journal ...
		Calcification of the Olfactory Bulbs in Three Patients with Hyposmia -- Ishman et al.
		smell), and hyposmia (a decreased sense of smell).
		of olfactory bulb calcification to their hyposmia is uncertain.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/24/10/2097 (1890 words)

	The Taste and Smell Clinic - Decreased cAMP and cGMP in Patients with Smell Loss - Washington D.C. - Dr. R.I. Henkin
		Results indicate that cAMP and cGMP are decreased in patients with hyposmia compared to subjects with normal smell function.
		This finding is important since it establishes for the first time that levels of these critical signalling moeities are decreased in patients with hyposmia.
		This finding is also important since it can serve as a marker to identify patients with hyposmia.
	www.tasteandsmell.com /sep03.htm (376 words)

	Smell - Problems
		In about 40% of older people, the ability to smell is significantly reduced.
		A reduced ability to smell (hyposmia) and loss of smell (anosmia) are the most common disorders of smell and taste.
		Because distinguishing one flavor from another is based largely on smell, people often first notice that their ability to smell is reduced when their food seems tasteless.
	library.thinkquest.org /05aug/00386/smell/noseproblems.htm (565 words)

	Cure rhinosinusitis, Nasal sinusitis
		etid thick and sticky nasal discharge are accompanied by nasal obstruction hyposmia or loss of the sense of smell.
		Main symptoms: Much yellow turbid nasal discharge, long duration of nasal obstruction, hyposmia, the middle and inferior nasal conchae swollea with empyema or polyp around the former.
		There are many kinds of Qigong in the China and world, yet many practitioners waste their time and money to learn the false kinds.
	www.damo-qigong.net /rhinosinusitis.htm (1867 words)

	Dissertations from Karolinska Institutet - Published by Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institutet - ki.se
		This is the main reason why we decided to explore these questions in Sweden, in an attempt to find reasonable grounds for a logical way of treating these disorders in patients with CF.
		The frequency of hyposmia and anosmia, as determined by a newly launched paediatric smell test in combination with other well-known olfaction tests (butanol and SOIT), was increased in a CF-population of 122 patients (aged 5-65 years).
		An increased knowledge of the immunological influence of the normal microflora is important for developing strategies to inhibit pathological colonisation in the upper and lower airways in chronic diseases such as CF.
	diss.kib.ki.se /2004/91-7140-151-2 (929 words)

	Sense of Smell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		It may occur with hyposmia or it may occur alone.
		Dysosmia occurs in about 5 million people in the US, based upon a recent survey on the sense of smell.
		Hyposmia The most common type of smell loss experienced by humans, it may occur following an influenza like illness, a blow to the head, nasal allergies or from unknown causes.
	www.senseofsmell.org /feature/whitepaper/disorders.php (611 words)

	rt-image.com: Your weekly source for RT Imaging, Radiology Jobs, Editorials and Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Patients who were born without a sense of smell, a rare condition called congenital hyposmia, show activity in the areas of the brain responsible for smell, according to a study in the Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography.
		However, from there it may be a case of "use it or lose it." The brain areas responsible for smell remain underdeveloped if they're never called on to function.
		The fact that brain activation occurs even when patients with congenital hyposmia imagine odors they have never smelled suggests that smell may be more "primitive" than the other senses, the researchers suggest.
	www.rt-image.com /content=6904J05C4896948440769C764480B0441 (527 words)

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