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Topic: Hypospadias

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	(c) UrologyHealth.org - Pediatric Conditions - Abnormalities - Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a common birth defect, occurring in one out of every 150 to 300 boys.
		While the urethral opening is most often found near the head, a position referred to as distal, it also may be located from the middle of the penile shaft to the base of the penis or even behind the scrotum, a position called proximal.
		Hypospadias repair is done while the patient is asleep, under general anesthesia.
	www.urologyhealth.org /pediatric/index.cfm?cat=01&topic=96 (2595 words)

	Hypospadias - My Child Has - Children's Hospital Boston
		Hypospadias is a congenital defect in which the urethral opening (pee hole) is not located at its normal position at the tip of the penis.
		Hypospadias is a congenital (present at birth) abnormality, which means that the malformation occurs during fetal development, but its exact cause is not known.
		As the fetus develops, hypospadias occurs when there is incomplete closure of tissue on the undersurface of the penis, known as the urethral folds, which form the urethra.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site1134/mainpageS1134P0.html (706 words)

	Hypospadias in Children - Keep Kids Healthy
		While hypospadias my be genetically inherited, and is more common in children in which his father and a sibling also have hypospadias, it is usually an isolated abnormality, although it may be associated with undescended testicles and/or inguinal hernias in some children.
		Hypospadias is usually classified by the location of the meatus either before chordee release (Smith's classification) or after chordee release (Schaeffer and Erbes classification), because in many cases, release of the chordee may alter the position of the meatus lower.
		Children with a hypospadias should not be circumcised, and in cases with a complete foreskin, where the hypospadias is not discovered until the circumcision is begun, then the circumcision should not be completed until your child is evaluated by a Pediatric Urologist.
	www.keepkidshealthy.com /welcome/conditions/hypospadias.html (861 words)

	magic foundation for children's growth : Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a common birth defect of the penis.
		Hypospadias is not usually caused by anything the parents did or did not do during pregnancy.
		Studies of boys who had surgery for hypospadias repair show no differences in the average ages at which various sexual milestones (such as kissing, necking and sexual intercourse) were reached as compared to boys without hypospadias repair.
	www.magicfoundation.org /www/docs/107.289 (1293 words)

	Pediatric Urology - Hypospadias - urologychannel
		Hypospadias is a condition that is present at birth (congenital) in which the opening of the tube that carries urine and, in males, semen from the body (the urethra) is located below the normal location.
		Degrees of hypospadias are classified according to location, including anterior (50% of cases), middle (20% of cases), and posterior (30% of cases).
		Hypospadias occurs in approximately 1 in 300 males and 1 in 500,000 females in the United States.
	www.urologychannel.com /pediatric/hypospadias.shtml (971 words)

	Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a birth defect found in boys in which the urinary tract opening is not at the tip of the penis.
		We name the types of hypospadias according to their anatomic location, but one must always determine whether or not there is associated chordee.
		This is often seen in association with hypospadias and may be improved to varying degrees in the course of hypospadias repair.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/urology/hypospadias.htm (1144 words)

	hypospadias (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hypospadias is a congenital abnormality of the penis in which the urethral opening is positioned either along the shaft of the penis on its underside or on the scrotum or perineum instead of being located at the tip of the penis.
		The less common but more severe forms of hypospadias, in which the urethral opening is located on the penile shaft or in the perineum, may interfere with normal urination in the usual male standing position and may interfere with fertility.
		The incidence of other abnormalities of the genitourinary tract in boys with hypospadias is low, and with the probable exception of the most severe cases of hypospadias, xray studies of the urinary tract are usually not justified.
	www.drhull.com /EncyMaster/H/hypospadias.html (317 words)

	Hypospadias (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hypospadias is a malformation that affects the urethral tube and the foreskin on a male's penis.
		Hypospadias is a disorder in which the male urethral opening is not located at the tip of the penis.
		Hypospadias is a disorder that primarily affects male newborns.
	www.muschealth.com /gs/HealthTopic.aspx?action=showpage&pageid=P03087 (482 words)

	Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a congenital (present at birth) condition in which the opening of the urethra (tube that carries urine and, in males, semen from the body) is located below the normal location.
		Hypospadias occurs in approximately 1 in 300 males and 1 in 500,000 females in the United States.
		Cases of hypospadias in which the urethral opening is near the tip of the glans do not require treatment if the urine stream is straight and there is no chordee.
	www.childrensspecialists.com /body.cfm?id=489 (846 words)

	Hypospadias And Epispadias \| AHealthyMe.com
		Hypospadias is a congenital defect, primarily of males, in which the urethra opens on the underside (ventrum) of the penis.
		Female hypospadias may be associated with abnormalities of the genital tract, since the urinary and genital tracts are formed in the same embryonic process.
		Hypospadias in both males and females is more of a nuisance and hindrance to reproduction than a threat to health.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586988 (1312 words)

	Hypospadias -- eCureMe.com
		Hypospadias is a congenital problem with the opening of the penis, or "meatus." Children with this disorder have the meatus placed in an abnormal position, along the underside of the penis, rather than at the tip.
		Because hypospadias is often associated with other urinary tract abnormalities, many children with this condition require other specialized studies to look for problems with the bladder or kidneys.
		Repair of the hypospadias is done by using the foreskin to fashion a new position for the meatus.
	www.ecureme.com /emyhealth/Pediatrics/Hypospadias.asp (373 words)

	Hypospadias Repair Information on Healthline
		Hypospadias repair refers to a group of surgical approaches used to correct or reconstruct parts of the external genitalia and urinary tract related to a displaced meatus, or opening of the urethra.
		Hypospadias is the medical term for a birth defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis (in boys) or into the vagina (in girls).
		Hypospadias is known to run in families; a boy with hypospadias has a 28% chance of having a male relative with the condition.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/hypospadias-repair (1144 words)

	urologyweb Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a congenital disorder wherein the urethral meatus fails to open at the tip of the glans penis and may appear anywhere between the ventral glans and the perineum.
		The incidence of hypospadias is approximately 1 in 300 live male births, and the majority of these defects are in the distal shaft of the penis.
		Hypospadias repairs are not only of great functional importance to allow normal urination and later intercourse, but also normalize the appearance of the penis and attempt to prevent "locker room problems".
	www.urologyweb.com /Production/Urology_Primer/Pediatric/Hypospadias.htm (1298 words)

	Hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a relatively common anomaly of the male external genitalia, occurring in approximately 1 in 300 male infants.
		Glandular hypospadias is one of the more common types and occurs when the external urethral orifice is on the ventral surface of the glans.
		Penile hypospadias is also relatively common and occurs when the external urethral orifice is on the ventral surface of the penis itself.
	sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca /embryology/ug/Reproductives/Anomalies/Hypospadias.html (144 words)

	Hypospadias - Children's Memorial Hospital (Chicago, IL)
		Hypospadias (sometimes misspelled as hypospadius) is a condition in which the end of the urethra (the tube in the penis through which urine passes out of the body) is not located at the tip of the penis.
		Hypospadias is also associated with penile curvature in which the penis curves in a downward direction.
		In most routine cases of hypospadias where the opening is located near or within the glans, the opening defect and associated chordee can be corrected in a one-stage operation on an outpatient basis.
	www.childrensmemorial.org /depts/urology/hypospadias.asp (1024 words)

	Hypospadias (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly(birth defect) of the penis.
		In addition, boys with hypospadias are often missing the undersurface half of their foreskin so that forms a hood.
		Hypospadias may cause deviation of the urinary stream so that the boy is forced to sit to urinate.
	www.pedsurology.com /hypospad.htm (333 words)

	Hypospadias Information on Healthline
		Hypospadias is a relatively common abnormality in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, rather than at the end, of the penis.
		Hypospadias is a congenital defect that affects up to 3 in 1,000 newborn boys.
		During the surgery, the penis is straightened and the hypospadias is corrected using tissue grafts from the foreskin.
	www.healthline.com /adamcontent/hypospadias (377 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hypospadias repair
		Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a birth defect in boys called hypospadias.
		Hypospadias can be a mild defect -- with the urethral opening slightly out of place, near the tip of the penis -- or a severe one -- with the urethral opening closer to the scrotum.
		Hypospadias is also frequently associated with a shortening or downward bending of the penis and malformation of the foreskin.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003000.htm (513 words)

	CDC Media Relations: Hypospadias Trends in Two US Surveillance Systems, New Release from the CDC Office of ...
		The cause of the increase in hypospadias is not known.
		Hypospadias is also often accompanied by a downward bowing of the penis called chordee.
		Hypospadias and chordee of all but the most minor degree are generally corrected surgically in infancy.
	www.cdc.gov /od/oc/Media/pressrel/hypospad.htm (460 words)

	CIGNA - Hypospadias (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hypospadias is a male birth defect in which the opening of the tube that carries urine from the body (urethra) develops abnormally, usually on the underside of the penis.
		Hypospadias is usually diagnosed during the physical examination of a newborn.
		Hypospadias is sometimes treated with surgery to correct the placement of the urethral opening, usually during the first year of life.
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/tv7720spec.html (430 words)

	Our Stolen Future: Changes in the rate of hypospadias
		Hypospadias is a birth defect of the penis in which the position of the opening is shifted from its normal place on the head of the penis to somewhere along the shaft.
		The cause of hypospadias in humans has not been established, other than to observe that it must result from a developmental error in the womb that has prevented complete masculinization of the reproductive tract.
		Experiments with laboratory animals reveal that hypospadias can be repeatedly and reliable produced by exposure to several endocrine disrupting chemicals, including DDE and vinclozilin, a commonly used fungicide.
	www.ourstolenfuture.org /NEWSCIENCE/reproduction/hypospadias.htm (422 words)

	Hypospadias - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
		Hypospadias is a malformation that affects the urethral tube and the foreskin on a male's penis.
		Hypospadias is a disorder in which the male urethral opening is not located at the tip of the penis.
		Hypospadias is a congenital (present at birth) anomaly (abnormality), which means that the malformation occurs during fetal development.
	www.lpch.org /DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/urology/hpospads.html (491 words)

	eMedicine - Hypospadias : Article by John M Gatti
		Hypospadias is an abnormality of anterior urethral development in which the urethral opening is abnormally located on the ventrum of the penis proximal to the tip of the glans penis.
		Proximal hypospadias is commonly associated with a bifid scrotum and penoscrotal transposition, in which the rugated scrotal skin begins lateral to the penis, instead of its normal posterior origin.
		Fathers of children with hypospadias have been noted to be affected in 8% of patients, and 14% of brothers of children with hypospadias are affected as well.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic1136.htm (4301 words)

	eMedicine - Hypospadias : Article Excerpt by John M Gatti
		Hypospadias is an abnormality of anterior urethral and penile development in which the urethral opening is ectopically located on the ventrum of the penis proximal to the tip of the glans penis, which, in this condition, is splayed open.
		Hypospadias is a congenital defect that is thought to occur embryologically during urethral development, from 8-20 weeks' gestation.
		In several countries, the incidence of hypospadias may be rising but seems rather constant at 0.26 per 1000 live births in Mexico and Scandinavia and 2.11 per 1000 live births in Hungary.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/byname/hypospadias.htm (1036 words)

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