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Topic: Hypoxia

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Hypoxia (medical)

Hypoxic hypoxia

Respiration

Dissolved oxygen

Chemical oxygen demand

Anoxia

Respiration (physiology)

Oxygen

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Asphyxia

Oxidizer

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	Hypoxia (medical) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hypoxia is a pathological condition in which the body as a whole (generalized hypoxia) or region of the body (tissue hypoxia) is deprived of adequate oxygen supply.
		Hypoxia is often associated with high altitudes, where it is called altitude sickness.
		Histotoxic hypoxia in which quantity of oxygen reaching the cells is normal, but the cells are unable to effectively use the oxygen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hypoxia_(medical) (294 words)

	Hypoxia
		Hypoxia may be caused by climbing to an altitude where the body is susceptible to a loss of arterial oxygen below that required by the body.
		Hypoxia symptoms are diverse, varying from person to person, depending on variables such as absolute altitude, rate of ascent, duration at altitude, ambient temperature and physical activity.
		Hypoxia may be prevented with the use of supplemental oxygen at altitudes specified by regulation, or by flying pressurized airplanes.
	www.mountainflying.com /hypoxia.htm (639 words)

	Hypoxia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hypoxia (medical), the lack of oxygen in tissues
		Hypoxia or Oxygen depletion, a reduced concentration of dissolved oxygen in a water body leading to stress or even death in aquatic organisms
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hypoxia (104 words)

	Brain Anoxia or Hypoxia
		Hypoxia is a condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen to the tissue in spite of adequate blood flow to the tissue.
		Anoxia and hypoxia, however, are often used interchangeably -- without regard to their specific meanings -- to describe a condition that occurs in an organ when there is a diminished supply of oxygen to the organ's tissues.
		Anoxia and hypoxia may be caused by a number of events, such as smoke or carbon monoxide inhalation, high altitude exposure, strangulation, anesthetic accidents, or poisoning.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/921384224.html (303 words)

	Physiological and Genomic Consequences of Intermittent Hypoxia: Selected Contribution: Pulmonary hypertension in mice ...
		of pulmonary hypertension in mice in intermittent hypoxia and
		The pulmonary circulation of homozygous or heterozygous eNOS-null mice is hyperresponsive to mild hypoxia.
		Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic responsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/90/6/2502 (3734 words)

	Hypoxia Definition Page
		Hypoxia means "low oxygen." In estuaries, lakes, and coastal waters low oxygen usually means a concentration of less than 2 parts per million.
		Hypoxia can be caused by the presence of excess nutrients in water.
		Hypoxia can cause fish to leave the area and can cause stress or death to bottom dwelling organisms that can't move out of the hypoxic zone.
	toxics.usgs.gov /definitions/hypoxia.html (522 words)

	Osteocyte hypoxia: a novel mechanotransduction pathway -- Dodd et al. 277 (3): 598 -- AJP - Cell Physiology
		Mean ± SE percent osteocyte hypoxia in experimental bones (Exp) subjected to 24 h of disuse (n = 4) or 24 h of disuse superimposed with a brief loading regimen (Disuse + Load; n = 2).
		Evidence that hypoxia markers detect oxygen gradients in liver: pimonidazole and retrograde perfusion of rat liver.
		Hypoxia and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human squamous cell carcinomas using pimonidazole as a hypoxia marker.
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/277/3/C598 (2639 words)

	Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and anaemia in the toad Bufo marinus -- Andersen et al. 206 (5): 857 -- Journal of ...
		Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and anaemia in the toad Bufo marinus -- Andersen et al.
		Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and anaemia in the toad Bufo marinus
		Significant effects of hypoxia within each of the two groups (normal and low haematocrit, respectively) are marked with an asterisk, and significant differences between the groups are marked with a dagger.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/206/5/857 (3948 words)

	GulfBase - Hypoxia
		Hypoxia refers to a condition that exists in a body of water when dissolved oxygen falls below healthy levels necessary to support animal life.
		Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico is caused primarily by excess nitrogen delivered into Gulf waters from the Mississippi river.
		Some management practices necessary to achieve this include but are not limited to: Application of nitrogen fertilizers at the recommended rates and not higher; implementation of alternative cropping systems; improvement of manure management; increase of the area of wetlands and vegetated riparian buffers to enhance denitrification and increase nitrogen retention.
	www.gulfbase.org /issue/view.php?iid=hypoxia (612 words)

	Biochemistry- Hypoxia
		Hypoxia is a condition when the tissues are deprived of oxygen.
		Stagnant hypoxia is when there is a low level oxygen to the tissues that is caused by reduced blood flow.
		Hypoxia inducing factor is a specific protein involved in maintaining oxygen homeostasis and regulates hypoxia inducible genes that include human erythropoietin (EPO) gene [1].
	www.cs.stedwards.edu /chem/Chemistry/CHEM43/CHEM43/hypoxia/structure.htm (377 words)

	Hypoxia and Mitochondrial Inhibitors Regulate Expression of Glucose Transporter-1 via Distinct Cis-acting Sequences -- ...
		In particular, the response to hypoxia is mimicked by transition metal ions such as cobalt (4) and by iron chelating agents (5) but not by inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration(6, 7, 8).
		Both inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and cellular hypoxia are accompanied by an increase in the rate of glucose uptake, which is largely mediated by increased Glut-1 activity(18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23).
		In the case of erythropoietin regulation, this is not the case, indicating that the mechanism of oxygen sensing is not dependent on the consequences of hypoxic limitation of mitochondrial metabolism(6, 7, 8).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/270/49/29083 (6458 words)

	Hypoxia
		Hypoxia or "low oxygen" describes a condition in water.
		Hypoxia causes a severe reduction of the amount, or in in extreme cases, the complete loss of animal life in hypoxic zones.
		Following are examples of key journals to locate information on hypoxia in lakes, estuaries, and coastal waters.
	www.library.umass.edu /subject/hypoxia (636 words)

	Something is Rotten in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
		The area affected by lethal hypoxia is expanding in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, threatening "nothing less than an environmental disaster" in the region (1).
		Adverse environmental conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, including episodes of low temperature, hypoxia and starvation, are thought to have caused undetected mass mortalities of cod in recent years, while the "productivity" of these stocks has been uncharacteristically low (2).
		Investigators have determined that a significant amount of the hypoxia (15%) can be accounted for by the practice by chum salmon fishermen in the area of stripping the eggs for market and discarding the fish carcasses in the fjord.
	www.fisherycrisis.com /seals/hypoxia.htm (2629 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Cerebral hypoxia
		The term cerebral hypoxia technically refers to a lack of oxygen supply to the cerebral hemispheres (the outer portion of the brain), but it is more typically used to refer to a lack of oxygen supply to the entire brain.
		This is an emergency condition and the sooner medical attention is given and the oxygen supply restored, the lower the chances of severe brain damage and death.
		Complications of cerebral hypoxia include brain death (prolonged vegetative state) -- basic life functions, such as breathing, blood pressure, sleep/wake cycle, and eye opening may be preserved, but there is no consciousness or response to the environment.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001435.htm (776 words)

	Ecosystem Description - Hypoxia in the Gulf Of Mexico (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The difference in hypoxia in a drought (1988) versus a flood (1993) year suggests a relationship between river discharge and the extent of hypoxia.
		Examples of variability in the midsummer extent of hypoxia due to physical conditions at the time of sampling include the reduced midsummer size in 1997 and 1998 due to the passage of a hurricane on the southeastern portion of the study area, and the current regime, respectively.
		Hypoxia was first recorded on the continental shelf of the northern Gulf of Mexico in the early 1970s.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /products/gulfmex/html/rabalais.htm (3029 words)

	Long Island Sound Study CCMP: Hypoxia
		Excessive discharges of nitrogen, a nutrient, are the primary cause of hypoxia.
		Hypoxia develops and usually persists as long as the stratification lasts (usually one to two months in late summer).
		The goal of the hypoxia management plan is to eliminate adverse impacts of hypoxia resulting from human activities.
	www.longislandsoundstudy.net /ccmp/hypox.html (3036 words)

	US EPA - Science for the 21st Century - Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico
		Hypoxia is a symptom of too many nutrients flowing into coastal waters, overstimulating the growth of algae.
		The largest zone of coastal hypoxia in the Western Hemisphere is in the Gulf of Mexico.
		This project will produce data that is relevant to efforts to protect the sustainability of Gulf of Mexico fisheries and efforts to mitigate the effects of ecological changes induced by high nutrient loads which include the proliferation of harmful algal species.
	www.epa.gov /futureofscience/promote/hypoxia.html (507 words)

	Interactive effect of hypoxia and otolith organ engagement on cardiovascular regulation in humans -- Monahan and Ray 93 ...
		The algebraic sum of the individual responses to HDR and to hypoxia was not different from the increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity during HDR and hypoxia performed simultaneously.
		of the vestibulosympathetic reflex response is augmented by hypoxia.
		The mechanism(s) underlying the inhibitory influence of hypoxia and the vestibulosympathetic reflex on HR responses is unclear.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/93/2/576 (2424 words)

	Cerebral Hypoxia Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Cerebral hypoxia refers to a condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen supply to the brain even though there is adequate blood flow.
		Symptoms of mild cerebral hypoxia include inattentiveness, poor judgment, memory loss, and a decrease in motor coordination.
		Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the hypoxia, but basic life-support systems have to be put in place: mechanical ventilation to secure the airway; fluids, blood products, or medications to support blood pressure and heart rate; and medications to suppress seizures.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/anoxia/anoxia.htm (436 words)

	GEArray Q Series Human Hypoxia Signaling Pathway Gene Array
		Hypoxia activates its specific transcriptional pathway via stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and its subsequent binding to a defined hypoxia response element in the promoter of the affected genes.
		Hypoxia is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes such as erythropoiesis, ventilatory adjustment, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and hypertension, sleep apnea, vascular remodeling, angiogenesis and tumor growth, myocardial and brain ischemic/reperfusion damage.
		Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) alpha4 is the predominant isoform of the nuclear receptor RORalpha in the liver and is up-regulated by hypoxia in HepG2 human hepatoma cells.
	www.superarray.com /gene_array_product/HTML/HS-032.html (1011 words)

	Hypoxia and Photofrin Uptake in the Intraperitoneal Carcinomatosis and Sarcomatosis of Photodynamic Therapy Patients -- ...
		Hypoxia and Photofrin Uptake in the Intraperitoneal Carcinomatosis and Sarcomatosis of Photodynamic Therapy Patients -- Busch et al.
		Hypoxia and Photofrin Uptake in the Intraperitoneal Carcinomatosis and Sarcomatosis of Photodynamic Therapy Patients
		Hypoxia induces renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in chronic renal disease.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/14/4630 (4835 words)

	FOCUS - Hypoxia Issue Paints a Murky Picture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		What hasn't been proved, however, is to what extent various sources contribute to the hypoxia problem and which corrective measures, if any, could be employed to address the situation.
		Hypoxia is a low oxygen condition in the water that occurs when a nutrient-laden, free-flowing body of water (like a river) enters a lake or ocean.
		The task force hopes to determine the ecological and economical consequences hypoxia presents, and to try to pinpoint why increased amounts of nutrients are found in the Gulf.
	www.fb.org /views/focus/fo97/fo0929.html (687 words)

	CNN - Can ecotechnology cure the dead zone? - June 22, 1998
		The technical name for the condition -- hypoxia -- means the depletion of oxygen in a body of water.
		Nitrogen and other nutrients cause hypoxia, or as William Mitsch, professor of natural resources at Ohio State University and the leader of one of six federal task forces studying hypoxia says, "Hypoxia is the result of living in an over-fertilized society.
		Hypoxia happens when excess nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, accumulate in a body of water and cause algae to flourish into algal blooms.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/science/9806/22/deadzone.yoto (645 words)

	Hypoxia modifies the effect of PDGF on glycosaminoglycan synthesis by primary human lung cells -- Papakonstantinou et ...
		Hypoxia modifies the effect of PDGF on glycosaminoglycan synthesis by primary human lung cells -- Papakonstantinou et al.
		Hypoxia modifies the effect of PDGF on glycosaminoglycan synthesis by primary human lung cells
		Effects of hypoxia on heparan sulfate in bovine aortic and pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
	ajplung.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/279/5/L825 (5385 words)

	NCCOS: Stressors : Hypoxia & Nutrient Pollution: Gulf of Mexico Factsheet
		Data obtained through the program was used to calculate a five-year average size of the hypoxic zone in the Gulf, which is a key metric for setting and determining upstream nutrient management strategies.
		Hypoxia, Fish, and Fisheries in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: An Ecosystem Approach
		Hypoxia, Nekton and Habitat in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Modeling and Retrospective Analyses
	www.cop.noaa.gov /stressors/pollution/current/gomex-factsheet.html (741 words)

	HSP in Hypoxia
		OBJECTIVE: To characterize the role of the heat shock proteins (hsp) in the cellular response to hypoxic cell damage in the gut; to determine the function of the hsp in the cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions and development of tolerance to subsequent hypoxic assaults.
		Hypoxia: Mice were subjected to hypoxia in a special chamber which provided a controlled atmosphere containing 6% oxygen and the balance made up of nitrogen for 2, 8, and 16 hours.
		The results indicate that hsps are expressed in different cellular populations and in different patterns after hypoxia and heat shock.
	www.ecu.edu /physio/labakm/hypoxia.htm (920 words)

	CSCOR: Stressors : Hypoxia & Nutrient Pollution
		Hypoxia and nutrient pollution are two major stressors contributing to the degradation of aquatic ecosystems, often with adverse impacts to plants, animals, and coastal economies.
		The Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act (HABHRCA) authorizes funding and is a legislative driver for this research...
		Funding Announcement to Study Hypoxia in Coastal Regions is Released.
	www.cop.noaa.gov /stressors/pollution/welcome.html (268 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Hypoxia
		Hypoxia is a deficiency of oxygen in inspired (inhaled) gases or in arterial blood and/or in the tissues.
		The most common symptom of hypoxia is cyanosis, a bluish cast to the skin, lips and/or fingernails.
		Cerebral hypoxia at the Nation Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/hypoxia.html (352 words)

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