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Topic: Hypoxia (environmental)

    Note: these results are not from the primary (high quality) database.

Something is Rotten in the Gulf of St. Lawrence The area affected by lethal hypoxia is expanding in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, threatening "nothing less than an environmental disaster" in the region (1). Adverse environmental conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, including episodes of low temperature, hypoxia and starvation, are thought to have caused undetected mass mortalities of cod in recent years, while the "productivity" of these stocks has been uncharacteristically low (2). Investigators have determined that a significant amount of the hypoxia (15%) can be accounted for by the practice by chum salmon fishermen in the area of stripping the eggs for market and discarding the fish carcasses in the fjord. www.fisherycrisis.com /seals/hypoxia.htm   (2629 words)

Ecosystem Description - Hypoxia in the Gulf Of Mexico A few directed studies in 1975-1976 (Ragan et al., 1978; Turner and Allen, 1982) and a series of environmental assessments revealed midsummer hypoxia in many inner shelf areas. Examples of variability in the midsummer extent of hypoxia due to physical conditions at the time of sampling include the reduced midsummer size in 1997 and 1998 due to the passage of a hurricane on the southeastern portion of the study area, and the current regime, respectively. Hypoxia was first recorded on the continental shelf of the northern Gulf of Mexico in the early 1970s. www.csc.noaa.gov /products/gulfmex/html/rabalais.htm   (3029 words)

April 30, 1998-Vol29n30: What's the real cause of mountain sickness?; Research at UB points to leaks in blood-brain barrier, Krasney and colleagues in UB's Hermann Rahn Laboratory of Environmental Physiology have developed an animal model using sheep for studying hypoxia and cerebral edema in an effort to learn more about how and why these conditions develop and their effect on cognitive function. In addition, Krasney said, it is possible that, in the presence of hypoxia, another chemical messenger, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), acts with nitric oxide, a vasodilator, to promote and sustain permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Research conducted at UB suggests that high-altitude cerebral edema is caused by a disruption in the blood-brain barrier, the specialized layer of cells in cerebral blood vessels that, under normal conditions, allow only certain substances to pass into the brain's circulation. www.buffalo.edu /reporter/vol29/vol29n30/n1.html   (568 words)

Environmental Psychology The study of the influence of hypoxia, noise as a complex of adverse environmental factors (CAEF) on moods and personality traits is presented. Slides will be shown that demonstrate how environmental design principles were applied to (a) the renovation of an existing hospital program area, and (b), the design of a new pediatric hospital. For this reason, we will retrieve the social categorization of the self theory in relation with other works which are located close to urban ecology approach as well as contributions in the environmental psychology field, from works about cognitive maps to the urban-identity concept or works about social identity and environment. www.ucm.es /info/Psyap/23ICAP/abstract/environmental3.html   (568 words)

Doppler Studies in fetal hypoxemic hypoxia Small-for-gestational age fetuses may be constitutionally small, with no increased perinatal death or morbidity, or they may be growth-restricted due to either low growth potential, the result of genetic disease or environmental damage, or due to reduced placental perfusion and ‘uteroplacental insufficiency’. Fetal hypoxia, oxygen deficiency in the tissues, of any cause leads to a conversion from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, which produces less energy and more acid. Nicolaides KH, Bilardo CM, Soothill PW, Campbell S. Absence of end diastolic frequencies in the umbilical artery: a sign of fetal hypoxia and acidosis. www.centrus.com.br /DiplomaFMF/SeriesFMF/doppler/capitulos-html/chapter_04.htm   (568 words)

IFEM - Robert Gelfand, M.E.E. Physiologic and toxic manifestations of hyperoxia in man. Effects of hypoxia at rest and in exercise on perceptual, cognitive, psychomotor and physiological functions. Measurements of physiological responses and changes in mental function and performance to imposed environmental stress; altered respiratory environments; instrumentation adaptation to investigation in environmental chambers. Interactions of arterial carbon dioxide oxygen in reducing CNS tolerance to hyperoxia and extending CNS tolerance to hypoxia. www.uphs.upenn.edu /ifem/rg.htm   (265 words)

Christopher A. Bradfield, Ph.D. Gu, Y.G., Hogenesch, J.B., and Bradfield, C.A. The PAS superfamily: Sensors of environmental and developmental signals. Chan, W.K., Yao, G., Gu, Y.Z., and Bradfield, C.A. Cross talk between the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia inducible factor signaling pathways: Mechanism of competition and compensation. Gu, Y.Z., Moran, S.M., Hogenesch, J.B., Wartman, L. and Bradfield, C.A. Molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of a third-class hypoxia inducible factor, HIF1. www.wisc.edu /molpharm/faculty/bradfield.html   (620 words)

Clinical Management of near drowning When fresh water is aspirated (22 cc/kg) the hypotonic fluid is absorbed through the pulmonary capillary membrane resulting in the wash out of the lung surfactant and alveolar collapse, intrapulmonary shunting, and hypoxia. Accidental and suicidal incidence of drowning in the lake water and ocean are further precipitated by alcohol, drug abuse, and underestimation of environmental hazards. Wet Drowning - further hypoxia after the initial period of laryngospasm leads to aspiration of fluids in both lungs due to relaxation of glottis leading to pulmonary edema. www.doctorniruprasad.com /Clinanneardrown.html   (620 words)

Chemoreflex Drive and the Dynamics of Ventilation and Gas Exchange during Exercise at Hypoxia -- Fukuoka et al. 168 (9): 1115 -- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Yoshiyuki Fukuoka, Ph.D., Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Kumamoto 862–8502, Japan. Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Physiology, Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto; Laboratory of Muscle Physiology, Faculty of Education, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto; and Institute of Health and Sports Science, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/168/9/1115   (390 words)

Molecular physiology of oxygen-sensitive potassium channels -- Patel and Honoré 18 (1): 221 -- European Respiratory Journal A rapid response to environmental hypoxia is a reflex increase The primary sensory cells of the carotid body respond to hypoxia Keywords: Acute hypoxia, neutroepithelial body cells, oxygen sensors, potassium channel erj.ersjournals.com /cgi/content/full/18/1/221   (390 words)

WKU Anth 450 Mod Human Bio Var Test 2 Review human variation in skin pigmentation: basic structure of human skin, skin pigments, functions of skin, polymorphic human variation in skin pigmentation, polytypic human variation in skin pigmentation, adaptive advantages of different skin colors in different environmental conditions and with different environmental stresses [lecture and Molnar] Himalayan case study of hemoglobin variation: hypoxia, polytypic variation in hemoglobin between Andean and Himalayan populations, explanations for this polytypic variation [journal reading] human variation in body form and body weight: measures of body form, general patterns of body form variation among populations, case study of African Pygmies (characteristic body form, adaptations to heat stress), polytypic human variation in body mass index [Molnar and lecture] www.wku.edu /~darlene.applegate/humanvariation/test2.html   (869 words)

Metabolic costs induced by lactate in the toad Bufo marinus: new mechanism behind oxygen debt? -- Pinz and Pörtner 94 (3): 1177 -- Journal of Applied Physiology Metabolic responses of the toad Bufo marinus to environmental hypoxia: an analysis of the critical P and the degree of EPOC (40) or hypoxia-induced metabolic stimulation The mechanism of an increase in metabolic rate induced by lactate was investigated in the toad Bufo marinus. jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/94/3/1177   (5846 words)

CT DEP: Summary of Monitoring in Long Island Sound The Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection conducts a Summer Hypoxia Survey which is part of the broader Long Island Sound Water Quality Monitoring Program and has provided a description of the extent and duration of low dissolved oxygen concentrations for the summer months since 1991. As defined by the Long Island Sound Study, hypoxia exists when DO drops below a concentration of 3 milligrams per liter (mg/L), although ongoing national research suggests that there may be adverse affects to organisms even above this level. These data are used specifically to quantify and identify annual trends and differences in various water quality parameters and general conditions of LIS waters. dep.state.ct.us /wtr/lis/monitoring/monsum.htm   (971 words)

Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2004041545 Genetic traces of environmental variations in ancient lakes S.V. Semovski, D.Y. Sherbakov and E. Verheyen 341 15. 1000-year environmental history of Lake Issyk-Kul S. Giralt, R. Julia, J. Klerkx, S. Riera, S. Leroy, T. Buchaca, J. Catalan, M. De Batist, C. Beck, V. Bobrov, V. Gavshin, I. Kalugin, F. Sukhorukov, M. Brennwald, R. Kipfer, F. Peters, S. Lombardi, V. Matychenkov, V. Romanovsky, V. Podsetchine, and N. Voltattori 253 11. Hypoxia and the physics of the Louisiana Coastal Current W.J. Wiseman, N.N. Rabalais, R.E. Turner and D. Justic 359 List of participants 373 www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/fy051/2004041545.html   (971 words)

JM67 This study (i) underlines the statement that a high resistance to lack of oxygen is not universally found in subterranean organisms, but is more related to oxygen availability and/or to the energetic state of each subterranean ecosystem, and (ii) highlight the diversity of adaptive responses to an environmental constraint expressed by hypogean crustaceans. The locomotory and ventilatory activities, oxygen consumption, and the intermediary and energy metabolism modifications of a spring and a cave population of the aquatic amphipod crustacean Gammarus minus were investigated in normoxia, severe hypoxia (PO2 < 0.03 kPa) and subsequent recovery. The metabolic effects of severe hypoxia and subsequent recovery were significant compared to normoxic conditions, but also similar between both populations for alanine, arginine phosphate, ATP, glycogen and lactate levels. groundwater-ecology.univ-lyon1.fr /JM/jm67.htm   (237 words)

CSCOR: Stressors : Extreme Natural Events : Harmful Algal Blooms Harmful Algal Research and Response: A National Environmental Science Strategy (HARRNESS) 2005-2015 The 2005 National Plan for Algal Toxins and Harmful Algal Blooms provides the consensus of the U.S. scientific and management community on accomplishments and impediments in harmful algae research. HABHRCA also authorizes funding to be appropriated to the Secretary of Commerce for research, education, and monitoring activities related to the prevention, reduction, and control of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (ECOHAB)— a multi-agency partnership between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. - search ECOHAB), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Science Foundation (NSF), NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) www.cop.noaa.gov /stressors/extremeevents/hab/habhrca   (827 words)

Alcoholic Liver Disease Alcohol is known to cause an exaggerated gradient of hypoxia from the portal vein to the central vein, suggesting that the hypoxia induced by chronic alcohol use may contribute to hepatic damage. The prevalence of alcoholic liver disease is influenced by many factors, including genetic factors (predilection to alcohol abuse, gender) and environmental factors (availability of alcohol, social acceptability of alcohol use, concomitant hepatotoxic insults), and is therefore difficult to define. Alcoholic hepatitis is an acute form of alcohol-induced liver injury that encompasses a spectrum of severity ranging from an asymptomatic derangement of biochemistries to fulminant liver failure and death. www.clevelandclinicmeded.com /diseasemanagement/gastro/ald/ald.htm   (827 words)

High-Altitude Cerebral Edema Likely Caused By Leaks In Blood-Brain Barrier Krasney and colleagues in UB's Hermann Rahn Laboratory of Environmental Physiology have developed an animal model using sheep for studying hypoxia and cerebral edema in an effort to learn more about how and why these conditions develop and their effect on cognitive function. Information gained from the study of high-altitude cerebral edema and hypoxia is relevant to many people other than those wealthy enough to afford an Everest trek, Krasney noted. Krasney's research using sheep has shown that the symptoms of high-altitude cerebral edema are not caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen or glucose to the brain. www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/9278DDA70BF331F2852565F400498AF8   (643 words)

Peter Weyer: Should we worry about nitrate in our water? In the July 1999 issue of the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, Alex Avery of the Hudson Institute argues that evidence from clinical evaluation of 40 years of blue baby syndrome cases indicates that environmental sources of nitrate (particularly drinking water) may have little to do with development of the condition (Avery 1999a). This can result in anemic hypoxia (oxygen-deficient blood), which can be life-threatening for an infant. Blue baby syndrome occurs when nitrite mediates the oxidation of the heme ion in hemoglobin (an oxygen-carrying protein pigment in red blood cells) to form methemoglobin. www.leopold.iastate.edu /pubs/nwl/1999/1999-3-leoletter/99-3nitrate.htm   (1606 words)

eMedicine - Gastrointestinal Duplications : Article by Amulya K Saxena, MD Some portions of the intestinal tract have a solid stage during development; therefore, duplications of these structures may result from "aberrant luminal recanalization." Finally, intrauterine environmental factors, such as trauma or hypoxia during a vascular accident, may cause duplications at any level of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal duplications can be found along the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, the complications that may occur after surgical excision of gastrointestinal duplications depend on the location of the lesions. Gastrointestinal duplications have an extremely variable presentation, and the surgical management depends on the location, size, and shape of the duplication. www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2959.htm   (2837 words)

NYC Department of Environmental Protection - Ruling Hypoxia is a common occurrence in Long Island Sound bottom waters during the late summer, and is linked to an overabundance of nitrogen combined with the naturally occurring density stratification of the water column. The City requests that the Long Island Sound approved nitrogen trading ratio should be in effect for the duration of the permits and should be used to determine compliance with effluent limits in the permits. The upper East River WPCPs are Talman Island, Wards Island, Bowery Bay and Hunts Point. www.dec.state.ny.us /website/ohms/decis/nycdepspdesr.html   (4439 words)

The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome -- Aird 101 (10): 3765 -- Blood At the same time (or later during the sepsis cascade), the endothelium may be conditioned by other environmental factors, such as hypoxia, low blood flow, changes in temperature, acid-base/electrolyte abnormalities, and/or hyperglycemia. In sepsis, the endothelium is activated by LPS-mediated engagement of the toll-like receptor (TLR4) or by the interaction of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF- Not shown are the critical interactions between the endothelium and underlying extracellular matrix and parenchymal cells. www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/101/10/3765   (6863 words)

Upper Mississippi River Integrated Assessment for Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico (NOAA) The briefing featured discussions of the environmental restoration plans for the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, state partners, and conservation interests. Institute staff work closely with the Upper Mississippi River Task Force, which was formed in 1998 to disseminate information and coordinate legislative efforts on areas of agreement for the benefit of the Upper Mississippi River. www.nemw.org /uppermiss.htm   (6863 words)

Metabolic costs induced by lactate in the toad Bufo marinus: new mechanism behind oxygen debt? -- Pinz and Pörtner 94 (3): 1177 -- Journal of Applied Physiology Metabolic responses of the toad Bufo marinus to environmental hypoxia: an analysis of the critical P The mechanism of an increase in metabolic rate induced by lactate was investigated in the toad Bufo marinus. Role of central chemoreceptors in behavioral thermoregulation of the toad, Bufo marinus. jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/94/3/1177   (6863 words)

Representative Publications: Metabolic responses of the toad Bufo marinus to environmental hypoxia: an analysis of the critical PO Phys. Compensation of progressive hypercapnia in the toad (Bufo marinus) and the bullgrog (Rana catesbeiana). Acid-base-electrolyte balance responses of Bufo marinus to aminoglutethimide, corticosterone, and aldosterone during hypercapnia. ace.acadiau.ca /Science/Biol/DTOEWS/pub/home.html   (6863 words)

Metabolic costs induced by lactate in the toad Bufo marinus: new mechanism behind oxygen debt? -- Pinz and Pörtner 94 (3): 1177 -- Journal of Applied Physiology Metabolic responses of the toad Bufo marinus to environmental hypoxia: an analysis of the critical P The mechanism of an increase in metabolic rate induced by lactate was investigated in the toad Bufo marinus. Role of central chemoreceptors in behavioral thermoregulation of the toad, Bufo marinus. jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/94/3/1177   (5846 words)

Staff details Mysids and trace metals: disruption of swimming as a behavioural indicator of environmental contamination. Behavioural responses of estuarine mysids to hypoxia and disruption by cadmium. Disruption of swimming in the hyperbenthic mysid Neomysis integer (Peracarida: Mysidacea) by the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. www.plymouth.ac.uk /staff/mjones   (5846 words)

Finfish Culture From the perspective of water flow, which is the essence of fish culture, the reader is directed to the proper methods to analyze: growth rates, hydraulic characteristics of rearing units, oxygen consumption rates in relation to oxygen solubility and fish tolerance of hypoxia, water conditioning by re-aeration and ammonia filtration. Special emphasis is placed on environmental factors affecting growth in both the wild and cultured varieties of this valued commodity. Culture and management expertise is illustrated vividly yielding useful production schedules, record systems, pond designs, equipment diagrams, diets, fertilization guidelines, breeding methods, induced spawning practices, health evaluations, and economic guidelines. www.argent-labs.com /Finfishculture.htm   (3595 words)

AgricultureLaw.com News - April 24, 2001 Not only is this a logical way to deal with the environmental problem of runoff, but it could also reduce a farmer's input costs, especially with the high costs of nitrogen fertilizers," added Mitchell. Larry Mitchell, CEO, American Corn Growers Association, said, "It is clear that the problem of hypoxia and high nitrate levels is due, in part, to nitrogen fertilizer use. The bills, titled The Fishable Waters Act (S 678 and HR 325), would provide $350 million per year for clean water projects geared towards reducing the amount of nitrogen and chemicals that run off into waterways. www.agriculturelaw.com /headlines/apr01/apr24b.htm   (3595 words)

Hypothermia There are many possible complications from hypothermia, including hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the tissues), gangrene in the hands and feet, inflammation of the pancreas, fluid in the lungs, pneumonia, kidney failure, and heart irregularities. Hypothermia can usually be prevented by preparing appropriately for environmental conditions and by recognizing the early symptoms. In the elderly, hypothermia may develop over hours or days as a result of poor body heat regulation, inability to properly sense the cold, or living in a cold environment in the winter. www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsConditions/Hypothermiacc.html   (1826 words)

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