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Topic: Hystricognathi

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	Hystricognathi - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Hystricognathi is a suborder of the Rodentia, or rodent, branch of the mammal tree.
		The lack of infraorbital plate to which to anchor the masseter lateralis and the relative size of the infraorbital foramen distinguishes hystricognathi from the Sciuromorpha.
		There are 18 families within the Hystricognathi, divisible into a dual classification of infraorders, the Phiomorpha and the Caviomorpha.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/h/y/s/Hystricognathi.html (183 words)

	Suborder Hystricognathi or hystricognath rodents
		Moreover, Hystricognathi is well supported by molecular data studies (e.
		By the way, the larger branch, Hystricognathi, is as yet a hypothetical construct.
		Because placental development of the hystricognath rodents is complex and difficult to understand, several diagrams are now illustrated.
	www.thewebsiteofeverything.com /animals/mammals/Rodentia/Hystricognathi.html (64 words)

	Hystricognathi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hystricognathi is a suborder of the Rodentia, or rodent, branch of the mammal tree.
		The lack of infraorbital plate to which to anchor the masseter lateralis and the relative size of the infraorbital foramen distinguishes hystricognathi from the Sciuromorpha.
		There are 18 families within the Hystricognathi, divisible into a dual classification of infraorders, the Phiomorpha and the Caviomorpha.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hystricognathi (201 words)

	Comparative Placentation
		Systematics: The degu belongs to the rodent suborder Hystricognathi.
		From the mid -1980's on, phylogenetic studies respecting characters of fetal membranes and placentation support the monophyletic hypothesis of Hystricognathi (Luckett, 1985) and have been accepted by former critics of the concept (Wood, 1985).
		However, the presence of a subplacenta appears to be a derived character of Hystricognathi (Luckett, 1985).
	medicine.ucsd.edu /cpa/degu.htm (3451 words)

	Porcupine
		Porcupines occupy a wide range habitats in tropical and temperate parts of Asia, Italy, Africa and the Americas and vary in size considerably: Rothschild's Porcupine of South America weighs less than a kilo; the African Porcupine[?] can grow to well over 20 kilos.
		The two families are quite different and although both belong to the Hystricognathi[?] branch of the vast order Rodentia, they are not closely related.
		The 11 Old World porcupines are almost exclusively terrestrial, tend to be fairly large, and have quills that are grouped in clusters.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Porcupine.html (254 words)

	Hystricognathi Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This, together with their lack of an infraorbital plate and the relative size of the infraorbital foramen, distinguishes hystricognaths from other rodent groups.
		There are 18 families within the Hystricognathi, divided into two infraorders, the Phiomorpha and the Caviomorpha.
		results suggest that the Suborders Hystricognathi and Sciurognathi are polyphyletic...
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Hystricognathi.html (206 words)

	Laotian Rock Rat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Both morphology and molecules show Laonastes as a member of the rodent suborder Hystricognathi.
		In other words, all living members of the suborder Hystricognathi are more closely related to one another than to the Laotian Rock Rat.
		The molecular analyses suggest that Laonastes is related to the living African hystricognaths such as the dassie rats and the Naked Mole Rat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Laotian_Rock_Rat (751 words)

	Porcupine
		Porcupines occupy a wide range habitats in tropical and temperate parts of Asia, Italy, Africa and the Americas and vary in size considerably: Rothschild's Porcupine of South America weighs less than a kilo; the African Porcupine[?] can grow to well over 20 kilos.
		The two families are quite different and although both belong to the Hystricognathi[?] branch of the vast order Rodentia, they are not closely related.
		The 11 Old World porcupines are almost exclusively terrestrial, tend to be fairly large, and have quills that are grouped in clusters.
	www.fastload.org /po/Porcupine.html (293 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Phylogenetic analyses of complete mitochondrial genome sequences suggest a basal ...
		For example, while the monophyly of many classically diagnosed Rodentia groups (Hystricognathi – a grouping of Myoxidae and Sciuridae – and the Muroidea/Dipodidae group) have been supported by molecular analyses (eg [4,7]), relationships between these groups as well as the placement of a few under-studied taxa (such as the Anomaluridae) are controversial.
		In accordance with other molecular studies [11,12], Bayesian analyses of protein sequences strongly support the monophyly of Hystricognathi, the monophyly of Myoxidae and Sciuridae and the monophyly of the Muroidea/Dipodidae grouping (all with BP = 100, PP = 1.0).
		We wished to investigate whether the observed lineage specific shifts in amino acid substitution rates were a general property of mitochondrial protein coding genes or whether particular genes (or respiratory complexes) have undergone changes in evolutionary rates (a scenario that might indicate adaptive or functional changes).
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2148/7/16 (6283 words)

	Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências - Karyotypic analysis in species of the genus Dasyprocta (Rodentia: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The Dasyprocta (Hystricognathi) genus includes about 11 species and 33 subspecies, and occurs from the south Mexico as far as high Amazon, including the Antilles, Colombia and Peru (Eisenberg 1989, Emmons 1990).
		Supernumerary chromosomes are considered common among the Hystricognathi, mainly in the Chinchillidae, Octodontidae, Caviidae, Ctenomyidae, Hydrochaeridae and Echimyidae (George and Weir 1974, Kasahara and Yonenaga-Yassuda 1984, Leal-Mesquita 1991a, b, Gallardo 1991, 1992, Fagundes and Yassuda 1995, Moreira et al.
		In C banding analysis, it was evident the pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin is all chromosomes, including the supernumerary chromosome and X and Y sexual pair.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652003000100007&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en (2281 words)

	47-717EN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The anteriormost three lophids of the pentalophodont dp4 of the Erethizontidae would be homologous to the anterolophid, metalophulid II, and mesolophid, respectively.
		In addition, it may be proposed that the lophids of the dp4 of the Baluchimyinae and Old World Hystricognathi are homologous to those of the erethizontids and the remaining South American Hystricognathi.
		The pentalophodont pattern is probably the primitive condition of the dp4 of the Hystricognathi.
	app.pan.pl /acta47/47-717EN.htm (148 words)

	IngentaConnect Adaptive Evolution of the Insulin Gene in Caviomorph Rodents
		Insulin is a conservative molecule among mammals, maintaining both its structure and function.
		Rodents that belong to the Suborder Hystricognathi represent an exception, having a very divergent molecule with unusual physiological properties.
		While there is no clear hypothesis regarding the cause of this drastic change, experimental evidence does show that this group of rodents has some peculiarities in growth function, and, whether coincidental or not, these changes appeared together with important changes in life-history traits.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/oup/molbev/2005/00000022/00000005/art01290 (319 words)

	..::treeBASE::.. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This allows to test the congruence between the different hypotheses and to propose evolutive scenarios hypothesizing how the current distribution of the hosts and parasites could have evolved during the paleontological times.
		These points also are supported by most of the works based on morpho-anatomical studies and dealing with the phylogeny and evolutive history of the Hystricognathi.
		Conversely, the hypotheses based on the distribution and phylogeny of the parasites generally disagree with the conclusions of works based on molecular data.
	www.phylo.org /treebase/view/view_study.php?studyID=S540 (269 words)

	CAPYBARA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The capybara's Kingdom is Animalia, Phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, Order Rodentia, Sub Order Hystricognathi, Family Hydrochaeridae, and Genus species Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris.
		The name 'capybara' means 'master of the grasses' in the language of the Guarani Indians and water pig in another language.
		She was born in the Cleveland Metro Park Zoo on November 26, 1996.
	www.k12.de.us /warner/capybara.htm (579 words)

	Cospeciation Symposium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Two hypothesis are conflicting: (i) Phiomorpha is the sister-group of Caviomorpha with both lineages originating from a common ancestor in Africa, or (ii) the Hystricognathi are polyphyletic with the Caviomorpha originating from a North-American ancestor.
		If this genus, which includes all the pinworms known from porcupines is monophyletic, its present-day geographic distribution requires that its ancestor must have invaded the Hystricognathi before the break-up of the southern land masses.
		The morphological study of these parasites reveals original derived characters which are used to propose a phylogeny of the pinworms.
	taxonomy.zoology.gla.ac.uk /~rdmp1c/sa/cospeciation.html (1540 words)

	Living Fossil: DNA puts rodent in family that's not extinct after all: Science News Online, April 28, 2007 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The Laotian rock rat's family, they claimed, belongs within the Hystricognathi group, which includes guinea pigs, chinchillas, and porcupines.
		Huchon says that when she read about the new family, she was unconvinced because the researchers had studied DNA from only one of its sources within cells.
		Instead, its closest living relatives are African rodents called gundies, the researchers report in a paper now online for an upcoming Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
	www.sciencenews.org /articles/20070428/fob3.asp (713 words)

	ORDER RODENTIA
		Two major divisions appeared early – sciurognathous and hystricognathous types, based on the character of the mandibular apparatus.
		Taxonomic suborders Sciurognathi and Hystricognathi are based on these characters.
		Students should also know the descriptive terms sciuromorphous, hystricomorphous, myomorphous, and protrogomorphous.
	www-msc.bhsu.edu /biology/bsmith/Rodents.htm (898 words)

	Rodentia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Variance of molecular datings, evolution of rodents and the phylogenetic affinities between Ctenodactylidae and Hystricognathi.
		The simultaneous diversification of South American Echimyid rodents (Hystricognathi) based on complete cytochrome b sequences.
		Review and analysis of the radiation of the South American Hystricognathi (Mammalia, Rodentia).
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Rodentia&contgroup=Eutheria (1021 words)

	Revista del MACN, vol4-2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Kramarz, A. Roedores chinchilloideos (Hystricognathi) de la Formación Pinturas, Mioceno temprano-medio de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina.
		Differences among Rebuffoichnus, Monesichnus, Teisseirei, and particularly Fictovichnus, are analyzed based on the type of wall, chamber fillings, and chamber shape.
		Abstract: Chinchilloid rodents (Hystricognathi) from the Pinturas Formation, early-middle Miocene of the province of Santa Cruz, Argentina.
	www.macn.secyt.gov.ar /vol4-2.htm (1592 words)

	CiteULike: Relationships among extant and fossil echimyids (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		CiteULike: Relationships among extant and fossil echimyids (Rodentia: Hystricognathi)
		Relationships among extant and fossil echimyids (Rodentia: Hystricognathi)
		Note: You or your institution must have access rights to this article.
	www.citeulike.org /article/5228 (106 words)

	V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		There are 6 other apomorphies (including molecular ones) that unite the Hystricognathi*
		There has long been controversy as to whether this is a “natural” grouping or whether the features of the African and South American forms are convergent
		Phoberomys: buffalo size 700 kg, from 8 mya
	www.bio.georgiasouthern.edu /Bio-home/Pratt/mammsept5_06.htm (340 words)

	Babel \| Paleontology of Porcupines
		Using a nuclear marker, the exam 28 of the von Willebrand Factor gene (vWT), we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among the 23 Hystricognathi species.
		Porcupines are of the order Rodentia and the suborder Hystricognathi.
		The Fine Print: The following comments are owned by whoever posted them.
	towerofbabel.com /map/articles/05/03/11/0334251.shtml?tid=269 (702 words)

	Bristle-Spined Rat - educational resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		You can submit additional web links for the Bristle-Spined Rat using the form below.
		ADW: Hystricognathi: Pictures:...bristle-spined rat Chaetomys subspinosus, chinchilla Chinchilla lanigera, Brazilian
		Contact me to correct errors, submit additional links, or make comments on the Bristle-Spined Rat page.
	animals.mongabay.com /iucn/B/Bristle-Spined_Rat.html (55 words)

	Brazilian Guinea Pig - educational resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		You can submit additional web links for the Brazilian Guinea Pig using the form below.
		ADW: Hystricognathi: Specimens: Desmarest's hutia Capromys pilorides, Desmarest's hutia Capromys pilorides, Brazilian guinea pig Cavia aperea.
		Contact me to correct errors, submit additional links, or make comments on the Brazilian Guinea Pig page.
	animals.mongabay.com /iucn/B/Brazilian_Guinea_Pig.html (73 words)

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