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	IBM 7090 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The IBM 7090 was a second-generation transistorized version of the earlier IBM 709 vacuum tube mainframe computers and was designed for "large-scale scientific and technological applications".
		The 7090 was the third member of the IBM 700/7000 series scientific computers.
		It operated with a basic memory cycle of 2.18 μs, using the IBM 7302 Core Storage core memory technology from the IBM 7030 (Stretch) project.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/IBM_7094 (786 words)

	IBM 7030 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The IBM 7030, also known as Stretch, was IBM's first attempt at building a supercomputer.
		Even though the 7030 was much slower than expected, the 7030 was the fastest computer in the world from 1961 until 1964.
		While the IBM 7030 was not considered successful, it spawned many technologies incorporated in future machines that were highly successful.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/IBM_7030 (982 words)

	IBM 7030 - "Stretch
		Today it may seem surprising that IBM was undergoing tremendous turmoil about its role in the new field of computers.
		IBM reduced the price from $13.5 million to $7.78 million, thus guaranteeing that every machine was built at a loss.
		Dunwell's star within IBM fell dramatically, and he was given fewer responsibilities.
	ed-thelen.org /comp-hist/vs-ibm-stretch.html (1137 words)

	Encyclopedia: IBM 7030 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Standard Modular System (SMS) was a system of standard transistorized circuit boards developed by IBM in the late 1950s, originally for the IBM 7030, then used in their computers and peripherals until the middle 1970s.
		IBM 7090 console The IBM 7090 was a second-generation transistorized version of the earlier IBM 709 vacuum tube mainframe computers and was designed for large-scale scientific and technological applications.
		The IBM 7302 Core Storage unit was designed in 1957-1958 for the IBM 7030 (Stretch).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/IBM-7030 (2391 words)

	The world's top Historical websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 2002, IBM announced the beginning of a $10 billion program to research and implement the infrastructure technology necessary to be able to provide supercomputer-level resources "on demand" to all businesses as a metered utility.
		IBM's success in the mid-1960s led to enquiries as to IBM antitrust violations by the U.S. Department of Justice, which filed a complaint for the case U.S. v.
		IBM invented many of the core technologies used in all forms of computing, including the first hard disk drive and the Winchester hard disk drive, the cursor (on computer screens), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), the Relational database, Thin Film recording heads, RISC architecture, the Scanning Tunneling Microscope, and the floppy disk.
	dirs.org /dir-wiki.cfm/Top/Computers/Hardware/Historical (1796 words)

	IBM 7030 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The IBM 7030, also known as Stretch, was (Click link for more info and facts about IBM) IBM's first attempt at building a (A mainframe computer that is one of the most powerful available at a given time) supercomputer.
		The first 7030 was delivered to (A town in north central New Mexico; in 1942 it was chosen as a nuclear research site where the first atomic bombs were produced) Los Alamos in 1961.
		Note: The Lawrence Radiation Laboratory's IBM 7030 (except for its (Click link for more info and facts about core memory) core memory) and portions of the MITRE Corporation/Brigham Young University IBM 7030 now reside in the collection, in (Click link for more info and facts about Mountain View, California) Mountain View, California.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/i/ib/ibm_70302.htm (912 words)

	List of IBM products - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		IBM 740 — IBM 701/IBM 704/IBM 709 Cathode Ray Tube Output Recorder
		IBM 7900 — IBM 7070/IBM 7074 Inquiry Station
		IBM 3370 — FBA devices, they are used to store the microcode and configuration information for the 3090.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_IBM_products (1964 words)

	IBM Archives: 7030 Data Processing System
		The IBM 7030 Data Processing System is the fastest, the most powerful and versatile in the world.
		Custom-engineered IBM 7030 systems, based on STRETCH's technology, are being made available by IBM to industry and government under negotiated contract terms.
		The IBM 7030 can also put aside what it is doing and turn in special tasks requiring immediate attention.
	www-1.ibm.com /ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP7030.html (576 words)

	Articles - IBM 700/7000 series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The IBM 700/7000 series was a series of incompatible large scale (mainframe) computer systems made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s.
		Known as the Defense Calculator while in development in the IBM Poughkeepsie Laboratory, this machine was formally unveiled April 7, 1953 as the IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine.
		The IBM 7094, with seven index registers had a "compatibility" mode to permit programs from earlier machines that used this trick to continue to be used.
	www.1shredder.com /articles/IBM_700/7000_series (1199 words)

	Visible Storage
		The IBM Model 7030 was one of the world's first supercomputers.
		Originally conceived as an internal development project to improve, or "stretch," IBM's computer skills, the first Stretch was delivered to the Los Alamos National Laboratory to aid in the design of nuclear weapons.
		Stretch did not meet its "100 times the IBM 704" performance objectives, and was initially viewed as a failure by IBM.
	www.computerhistory.org /VirtualVisibleStorage/artifact_main.php?tax_id=02.04.04.00 (121 words)

	Computers Hardware Historical IBM Directory IndiaPress
		All about the IBM 1130 Computing System - The IBM 1130 Computing System, introduced in 1965, was IBM's most "personal" system to date.
		IBM Advanced Computing Systems - A description of the first superscalar computer system + the IBM ACS project in the 1960s.
		IBM Stretch - A brief description of the hardware parallelism of the IBM Stretch computer (also known as the IBM 7030).
	www.indiapress.org /directory/Computers-Hardware-Historical-IBM.html (123 words)

	IBM Archives: Mainframe family tree & chronology
		Plotting the family tree of IBM's "mainframe" (or relatively large-scale) computers might not be as complicated or vast a task as charting the multi-century evolution of, say, the Smith or Lee families but it nevertheless requires far more than a simple linear diagram.
		Back around 1964, in what were still the formative years of computers, an IBM artist attempted to draw such a chart, beginning with the IBM 701 of 1952 and its follow-ons, for just a 12-year period.
		IBM's "big iron" Data Processing Division (DPD) was formed in 1956 to focus on the development and marketing of mainframe products.
	www-1.ibm.com /ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_FT1.html (494 words)

	IBM Stretch (aka IBM 7030 Data Processing System)
		IBM was not able to commit to as rapid a delivery as UCRL desired, so instead proposed a more powerful machine.
		IBM feared that Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) might order a LARC, but in September of 1955 made a preliminary proposal to LASL which was received with interest.
		IBM began design studies, and starting in November of 1955, a series of "Stretch Memos" proposed the development of a computer with performance "100 to 200 times the 704".
	www.brouhaha.com /~eric/retrocomputing/ibm/stretch (1840 words)

	Lonely Lion » Blog Archive » IBM Stretch (aka IBM 7030 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		IBM Stretch (aka IBM 7030 Data Processing System) “In 1954 IBM initiated a project “Datatron”, with the intent of taking a “giant step” to secure their position as the preeminent vendor of high-performance computers.
		Later renamed Stretch, the project’s primary objective was to produce a computer with 100 times the speed of the IBM 704 scientific computer.
		This goal was perhaps even more aggressive than it sounds, given that the performance of the logic circuits increased by only a factor of ten to twenty, and memory performance by only a factor of six.
	weblog.lonelylion.com /index.php?p=43 (183 words)

	looking.back -- April
		For many "old-timers" in the computer industry, April is remembered as the month in which IBM announced System/360 and thus changed the target against which the competition would be judged for many years.
		Another IBM employee was Frederick P. Brooks, Jr., (born 19 April 1931), 1980 recipient of the Pioneer Award for his work in the development of OS/360.
		Alan Perlis was recognized in 1985 for his work in computer language translation, that started with his development of the IT (Interpretive translator) for the IBM 650 in 1956 and his later involvement in the development of ALGOL.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~history/50th/April.html (1163 words)

	Gene Amdahle
		In 1955, Amdahl worked with others to design the Datatron, which led to a computer called the Stretch, and eventually became the IBM 7030, a computer that used the new transistor technology.
		The IBM System 360 was based on the Stretch, which Amdahl had worked on in 1955.
		He recommended that the laboratory be shut down, which IBM did, and presented his ideas about the internal barriers that prevented IBM from shooting for the high end of computer development.
	www.thocp.net /biographies/amdahl_gene.htm (1207 words)

	Ibm
		IBM this month will sweeten the low-end of its Unix server line with a new two-processor box and a new cluster system.
		IBM is a major distributor of Linux, especially on servers that use Intel's computer chips.
		IBM and the Holocaust is the stunning story of IBM's strategic alliance with Nazi Germany -- beginning in 1933 in the first weeks that Hitler came to power and
	infowide.info /q/ibm.html (520 words)

	CNN - 1961: Learning to share - June 29, 1999
		IBM's Stretch (7030) is delivered to Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.
		For instance, the IBM 7090 used by Corbato's team lacked a keyboard.
		Working with IBM, the team was able to modify a second machine, an IBM 7094, to solve that and many other problems.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/computing/9906/29/1961.idg (860 words)

	[No title]
		A total of eight are built; much of the technology is re-used in the IBM 7090 which is delivered this same year.
		Machine is similar to IBM 7090, featuring 48 bit words and a 6 microsec memory cycle time.
		The project was shelved in 1969, but many of the techniques were incorporated into later IBM machines.
	www.csci.csusb.edu /egomez/ref/Parallel.txt (8496 words)

	Ibm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		IBM offers a world of opportunity with unlimited challenges and endless possibilities to start something BIG.
		A brief description of the hardware parallelism of the IBM Stretch computer (also known as the IBM 7030).
		An earnings miss from IBM and slowing growth at Apple renewed fears of an economic slowdown on Thursday.
	aliveinfo.com /q/ibm.html (347 words)

	Platform Solutions, Inc. (PSI) The New Choice in Mainframe Computers.
		After receiving his M.S. and Ph.D in Theoretical Physics from the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Amdahl was hired by IBM to head the design and development of the IBM 704.
		A few years later, Dr. Amdahl was selected to manage the architecture for the IBM System 360 family of computers.
		Amdahl is best known for founding Amdahl Corporation in 1970, for it became one of IBM's principal competitors and the first successful IBM compatible manufacturer.
	www.platform-solutions.com /about-advisory.php (315 words)

	'Ibm' sites, 'Ibm' directory. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The IBM Accessibility Center is dedicated to making a difference in the lives of those with disabilities.
		As the leader in worldwide e-business, IBM is the largest and most advanced source of information technolog y, hardware, software and services anywhere.
		The "mouse" is IBM's Trackpoint device, located amongst the G, H and B keys.
	globalinfoindex.com /?q=ibm (654 words)

	FW: FW: [inforoots] Price Reduction on IBM 7030 Stretch Computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Our information indicates the IBM 7030 is where the selectric first appeared as a console.
		Another of the Museum's IBM 7030's came from Lawrence Livermore National Labs and is complete except for the RAM memory which they sold to someone a long time ago.
		The other day someone tried to correct me that it was the IBM 701 and not the IBM 704, but subsequently has reversed himself and indicated it really was the IBM 704.
	mail2.computerhistory.org /pipermail/inforoots/2004-August/000697.html (547 words)

	List of IBM products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		IBM 370 - IBM 305 Printer (not to be confused with the much later System/370 computers)
		IBM 7151 - IBM 7090/IBM 7094 Console Control Unit
		IBM 7617 - IBM 7090/IBM 7094 Data Channel Console
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/L/List-of-IBM-products.htm (1110 words)

	comphis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Some older architectures used "byte" for quantities of 6 or 7 bits, and the PDP-10 and IBM 7030 supported "bytes" that were actually bit-fields of 1 to 36 (or 64) bits!
		The term was coined by Werner Buchholz in 1956 during the early design phase for the IBM Stretch computer.
		James S. Jones adds: I am sure I read in some historical brochure by IBM some 15-20 years ago that BYTE was an acronym that stood for "Bit asYnchronous Transmission E__?__" which related to width of the bus between the Stretch CPU and its CRT-memory (prior to Core).
	hagar.up.ac.za /catts/learner/heilap/assignments/byte.html (255 words)

	Computer: looking.back
		For many computer industry "old-timers," April is remembered as the month in which IBM announced System/360 and thus set the standard by which the competition would be judged for many years.
		Cuthbert C. Hurd, born April 5, 1911, joined IBM in 1949 and formed the Applied Science Department, which was responsible for introducing the 701, the 650, the 704, and Fortran.
		Alan Perlis was recognized in 1985 for his work in computer language translation, which began with his development of the IT (interpretive translator) for the IBM 650 in 1956.
	www.indwes.edu /Faculty/bcupp/lookback/hist-04.htm (958 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Getting Up to Speed: The Future of Supercomputing (2004)
		8-bit byte were all concepts later incorporated in the IBM 360 line of computers as well as almost all third-generation processors and beyond.
		Instruction pipelining, prefetch and decoding, and memory interleaving were used in later supercomputer designs such as the IBM 360 Models 91, 95, and 195, as well as in computers from other manufacturers.
		As suggested by Figure 3.2, computing power was delivered by the 6600 at a price comparable to or lower than that of the best cost/performance in mainstream commercial machines.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309095026/html/33.html (640 words)

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