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Topic: IBM PC clone

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	IBM PC - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The original 1981 IBM PC's keyboard was severely criticised by typists for its non-standard placement of the return and left shift keys.
		The original IBM PC used the 7 bit ASCII alphabet as the basis, but in addition this was extended to an 8 bit somewhat haphazardly collected set of characters unique for the IBM PC.
		In 1988 IBM introduced a drive for 2.88 megabyte "DSED" diskettes in its top-of-the-line models; it was an instant failure and is all but forgotten today (but survives as a possible "size" choice in disk-formatting utilities).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/IBM_PC (2085 words)

	Limitations of the IBM PC Architecture
		IBM chose the 8086 as the processor for the PC.
		In order to sell a PC clone, the manufacturer had to be able to guarantee that it would run all of the customer's existing PC software, and work with all of the customer's existing peripheral hardware.
		What actually happened was that PC clone vendors used it as a high-performance 8086, users ran it almost exclusively in real mode, and software developers balked at the intricacies and limitations of the protected mode segmented architecture.
	world.std.com /~swmcd/steven/rants/pc.html (2428 words)

	IBM PC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The PC-AT, announced August 1984, used an Intel 80286 processor, originally at 6 MHz.
		The original IBM PC AT used an Intel 80286 processor which can access up to 16 megabytes of memory (though standard MS-DOS applications cannot use more than one megabyte without EMS).
		Google Groups thread from 1982 indicating that IBM PCs with 16 K RAM were actually manufactured and sold.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/ibm_pc (1836 words)

	IBM 5150 Personal Computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The IBM Personal Computer ("PC") was not as powerful as many of the other personal computers it was competing against at the time of its release.
		This time IBM was determined to do it right - in order to save time and money, instead of developing their own hardware and software, they used already available off-the-shelf components.
		But there was one aspect of the PC which could not be legally copied - the BIOS, as it was copyrighted and protected by law.
	oldcomputers.net /ibm5150.html (654 words)

	Mixed record as PC turns 20 \| CNET News.com
		IBM's introduction of the 5150 PC on Aug. 12, 1981, has been viewed alternately as a stroke of brilliant technological foresight and the biggest business blunder of the 20th century.
		The introduction of the IBM PC, a machine that sold for as little as $1,565 with 16 kilobytes of memory, transformed the founders of little-known companies Microsoft and Intel into billionaires and made software the most lucrative product in corporate America.
		The government abandoned the effort entirely in 1982--largely because clones had eroded Big Blue's dominance--but IBM staggered out of the courtroom with a shaken confidence; it was further slowed by a rigid corporate hierarchy that pre-dated the upstarts in Houston and the Silicon Valley.
	news.com.com /2009-1040-271422.html?legacy=cnet (2472 words)

	A Look Back at the IBM PC
		According to IBM officials, the IBM PC was the first to use off-the-shelf components, which came back to haunt the company when the first IBM PC clones started appearing on the market.
		Because the IBM PCs used readily available components, it was easy for competing PC builders to make their own machines and reverse-engineer the BIOS (define).
		The $3,000 IBM 5150 ran on a 4.77 MHz 8088 Intel processor, had 16KB of RAM (upgradeable to 256KB) and came bundled with Microsoft's BASIC and with what was quickly termed the "killer app" for the PC, the 27KB-sized VisiCalc electronic spreadsheet (though VisiCalc v1.37 had been around since October 1979).
	www.internetnews.com /bus-news/article.php/3445951 (1242 words)

	The IBM 5170 (PC/AT) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The IBM 5170 PC/AT was the third generation in the PC series released in 1984 and introduced a new processor to the market -- the 286.
		IBM attempted to impose the PS/2 Micro Channel bus but since they did not release the specifications to card makers and demanded an outrageous license fee for each computer sold, other companies like Compaq, Packard-Bell and many other large computer makers decided to create their own new bus standard, EISA.
		So when production of the AT ceased, so ends the compatibility with modern clone pc's until IBM ceased production of the PS/2 models in the early 90's and adopted the standards imposed by the other computer makers.
	alienc.netcentre.ca /gallante/ibmcpu/5170.html (433 words)

	IBM Compatibles - The Secret Guide to Computers
		IBM listened well: IBM put into the IBM PC all the inexpensive features that business users were begging computer companies to provide.
		IBM had originally planned to charge a high price for the IBM PC; but in August 1981, a week before IBM announced the IBM PC to the world, IBM's top management decided to slash the prices by 25%.
		The IBM division that produced and sold the Ambra was understaffed, confused, and mismanaged: shipments were delayed and unpredictable, many of the Ambras shipped were defective, and customers had difficulty getting IBM's Ambra division to send a repairman.
	www.computercraft.com /docs/ibm.html (13314 words)

	IBM said to be eyeing a sale of its PC business \| CNET News.com
		IBM, which gave legitimacy to the personal computer business in the 1980s, is said to be negotiating the sale of its PC unit in a move that could reshape the industry.
		The report warned that IBM needs to be wary of the potential to lose sales to corporate users, as competitors may use their PC sales as a means to land the more profitable and large deals that involve servers and software.
		As many as three of the top 10 PC manufacturers may be forced out of the global PC market by 2007, according to a report issued earlier this week by market research company Gartner.
	news.com.com /2100-1042_3-5476256.html (1063 words)

	[No title]
		The introduction of the PC changed the structured of computer industry from one based on vertically-integrated production to one characterized by horizontal ‘slices’ in which companies focused their production on a distinct segment of the value chain.
		Japanese manufacturers could be generally characterized as believing that they could establish themselves in the US PC market by virtue of: their marketing position — their brand name recognition, and especially their vertically integrated production capacity — their established position as PC component manufacturers.
		This was largely successful because of the changed structure of the PC market (horizontal versus vertical organization) and increased computer literacy/comfort with computers.
	www.geocities.com /gsbfreeride/T255/dell.doc (694 words)

	IBM PC - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		IBM PC (http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=274) The beginning of the PC: the IBM PC - model 5150.
		Limitations of the IBM PC Architecture (http://world.std.com/~swmcd/steven/rants/pc.html) History of the IBM PC Architecture
		Google Groups (http://www.google.com/groups?q=ibm+group:net.micro.pcandhl=enandlr=andie=UTF-8andscoring=dandas_drrb=bandas_mind=1andas_minm=1andas_miny=1981andas_maxd=1andas_maxm=1andas_maxy=1983andselm=bnews.mhuxh.1069andrnum=28) thread from 1982 indicating that IBM PCs with 16K RAM were actually manufactured and sold.
	www.grohol.com /wiki/IBM_PC (2169 words)

	Compaq I Portable computer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Because the IBM PC was extremely popular, and taken very seriously by businesses looking for a computer system.
		Problem: Compaq couldn't just copy IBM's BIOS to make their new machine guaranteed IBM compatible, this would be illegal, and easily proven by IBM.
		More than a mere IBM clone, the Compaq Portable is something different, it's transportable, designed so it can easily be taken aboard an airliner as carry-on luggage.
	oldcomputers.net /compaqi.html (554 words)

	Build your own computer...
		The IBM PC was so successfully cloned because it was cobbled together from off the shelf standard parts.
		This fact has lead us now to the position where anyone can build their own PC clone.
		Well, even though the internal architecture of the PC is a mess, its backwards compatibility and world domination makes it the only serious choice for a computer, and luckily its ease of assembly makes it the ideal DIY computer.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~jchap/tvbui.htm (393 words)

	MacWhiz Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Today, IBM itself is a bit player in personal computers, but IBM-type computers have the majority of the market.
		The disadvantages to the IBM PC clone may not be obvious.
		A cheap IBM PC clone is like a stripped Chevy, where the least expensive Mac is more like a mid-range Buick: a higher starting trim level.
	www.macwhiz.com /drummer/onramp.html (1678 words)

	Compiling RCOS
		IBM PC clone with Borland C++ version 2.0,
		IBM PC clone with Borland C++ version 3.1,
		IBM PC clone with Borland C++ version 4.0,
	cq-pan.cqu.edu.au /david-jones/Projects/rcos/guide/chap5.html (848 words)

	Login - PC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Login - PC IBM/PC CLONE in Carr or Dwight Computer Labs
		1) In the Main Menu, choose the option "Network Communications," as you would if you were logging into e-mail on an IBM.
		You are logged in through NCSA TELNET FOR THE PC.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~tlouie/CAS/login-pc.htm (114 words)

	x
		For assembly and machine languages, the differences between dialects are much greater: the assembly language on an IBM PC is almost entirely different from the assembly language on an IBM maxi.
		You can buy a used IBM XT clone for under $150, or a more primitive computer (such as a Radio Shack Color Computer) for under $50.
		The best business software is on the IBM PC, the best graphics and music software is on the Macintosh, and the best educational software is on the Apple 2GS.
	secretguide2pcs.tripod.com /Your-future.htm (13113 words)

	Blogger: Email Post to a Friend (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Under the terms of the deal, which ends IBM's long transition from PC pioneer to peripheral player, IBM will keep an 18.5 percent stake in the company, said Lenovo's chairman, Liu Chuanzhi.
		Lenovo is taking over IBM's desktop PC business, including research and development and manufacturing, Liu told reporters in Beijing.
		Globally, [in 2004] IBM [had] a 5 percent market share [compared to] 16.4 percent for Dell Inc. and 13.9 percent for Hewlett-Packard Inc., which makes both the HP and Compaq brands.
	www.blogger.com /email-post.g?blogID=6406841&postID=110247245031752650 (208 words)

	Kenton Lee: PC Motif Update
		Prices for Pentium chips, RAM memory, and disk drives have gone way down, so I my new PC is 10 times faster than the old one, but cost only a little more.
		Clones tend to use more standardized (and often better quality) components, so are often more popular with Linux users, than are proprietary PCs.
		The Linux 2.0 kernel includes a number of improvements, including support for many of the newer PC hardware components.
	www.rahul.net /kenton/xlinux_update.html (478 words)

	Rogue Clone IV
		Rogue Clone IV Rogue Clone IV Rogue is an old computer game from 1980.
		If you are interested in changes that may have been made since the latest official release, the nightly tarball contains the most recent "stable" source code.
		Previous versions of rogue clone dating as far back as 1986 are also available.
	rogueclone.sourceforge.net (258 words)

	Computer Basics: IBM/PC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Your inexperience with a PC is not an indication of your intelligence.
		This program gets the PC up and running, checks the drives, circuit boards, memory, keyboard and mouse to make sure everything is OK. Then DOS puts the so-called "DOS prompt" up on the screen and waits for further instructions.
		Just because your co-workers have mastered the fine points of PC applications while you're still having difficulty with the basics doesn't mean they're smarter than you are.
	www.ku.edu.tr /text/help/ibm_pc.html (2777 words)

	Columbia VP Portable Computer
		The Columbia VP was an early PC clone, similar to the Compaq Portable
		The Columbia VP was another Compaq Portable like IBM PC compatible from 1983.
		It was built using a very rugged metal case and sported a larger internal monitor then the Compaq.
	www.vintage-computer.com /columbiavp.shtml (89 words)

	Compaq Portable Computer
		Compaq was one of the first successful IBM PC clones.
		Their success was largely based on a fl-box cloning of the IBM PC BIOS (Basic Input Output System) that allowed them to be virtually 100% compatible with PC software and hardware.
		The idea was a hit and catapulted Compaq to the lead in the PC Clone market.
	www.vintage-computer.com /compaq_portable.shtml (456 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Description: This program is meant to transfer files and FULL DISKS track by track from and back to Amiga computers using an IBM-PC clone and a serial null-modem cable.
		Please send me any material concerning Amiga & PC serial & parallel ports programming info & help, questions, bug reports or comments to:
		License agreement: I, the programmer, won't be held responsible for damage that might happen (until now it never has occured) the use of this program or its contents in any way.
	ftp.uni-paderborn.de /pub/aminet/comm/misc/orion.readme (321 words)

	alt.sys.pc-clone.gateway2000 FAQ Part 1 of 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		You call up Gateway and order your PC to either your specifics or choose a general configuration it is then shipped to you.
		There are many different companies that make IBM PC clones; most of these are viable machines that will do the job for you.
		The latest rumor (end of December, 1997) is that Gateway will be bought or merge with IBM at the beginning of 1998.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/pc-hardware-faq/gateway2000/part1 (6472 words)

	IBM PC/XT Club (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Please use the form below to enter details of your IBM PC/XT into the PC/XT club.
		All entries will be manually checked before appearing on the site to prevent Spam.
		If you don't know any of the details requested on the form, just leave that part blank.
	uncreativelabs.org /pcxtclub/add.php (47 words)

	Aminet - comm / misc / orion.lzh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		- A IBM-PC clone would also be nice :-)).
		That one will have a graphical interface and much larger.ADF support.
		Please send me any material concerning Amiga and PC serial and parallel ports programming info and help, questions, bug reports or comments to:
	www.aminet.net /package.php?package=comm/misc/orion.lzh (283 words)

	Strange Systems seen at Ford's place (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		These are generally running and on the net:
		One Micron IBM PC clone (RedHat Linux 6.1)
		Other strange devices that might be indirectly connected to the net, but aren't really proper nodes:
	www.omnicron.com /~ford/systems.html (68 words)

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