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Topic: ISS assembly sequence

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	Chronology of the ISS development
		By November 28, NASA and Russian Space Agency established the new assembly sequence reflecting, the inclusion of the Mir-2 components.
		On March 2, 2006, partners in the International Space Station project, ISS, approved a new assembly sequence, which dedicated 16 remaining Shuttle flights before its retirement in 2010 to the launching of the ISS elements.
		NASA is obligated to deliver the Russian outfitting hardware to the station under a 2006 addendum to the ISS Balance of Contributions Agreement between NASA and the Russia.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /iss_chronology.html (1763 words)

	International Space Station - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		ISS construction began on November 20, 1998 and is now far behind the original planned schedule for completion in 2004 or 2005.
		NASA's ISS schedule still includes one Russian Research Module (RM) as part of the ISS that may be docked to Zvezda and is rumoured to fly to the ISS in 2009 on a Russian Proton rocket.
		The state of weightlessness on the ISS is popularly explained as a result of the cancelling out of the gravitational force of the Earth (that at the ISS altitude is still 88% of 1G) by the centrifugal force produced by the ISS orbiting the planet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Space_Station (5298 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In mid-1995, Revision A to the baseline assembly sequence was adopted.
		The eight month slip in the assembly sequence resulted in a utilization gap in the research community's access to space, so, separate from the ISS assembly sequence, two new Shuttle utilization flights were added to the Shuttle manifest to maintain adequate research access.
		ISS Phase II is scheduled to be completed after Flight 7A in August of 1999; ISS Phase III is scheduled to be completed after Flight 16A in December 2003.
	home.comcast.net /~newkirk20/documents/CAVsec2_4-21-98.html (4377 words)

	International Space Station Overview
		Orbital assembly of the International Space Station will begin a new era of hands-on work in space, involving more spacewalks than ever before and a new generation of space robotics.
		The timetable and sequence of flights for assembly, beyond the first two, will be further refined at a meeting of all the international partners in December 1998.
		Assembly is planned to be complete by 2004.
	www.shuttlepresskit.com /ISS_OVR (1822 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In September 1997, after coordination with the International Partners on out-year ISS assembly flights, a new manifest was released that reflected a slip of over a year in completion of ISS assembly.
		ISS Program management, primarily due to past annual funding constraints, has not fully developed and implemented cost and schedule risk mitigation plans to minimize or eliminate larger schedule stretchouts or increased costs.
		Further, modifications to the assembly sequence, ground operations, and on-orbit operations all require integration and various levels of coordination and joint approval.
	home.comcast.net /~newkirk20/documents/CAVsec1_4-21-98.html (3200 words)

	An Assessment of US-Russian Engagement in Space - ISS - The Eisenhower Institute, Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The flight that began the construction of the ISS in space took place in November of 1998 when a Russian Proton rocket lifted off and placed the first module in orbit: the Russian-made Zarya module ("Zarya" means "sunrise" in Russian).
		ISS expansion continued with the arrival of the Russian Docking Compartment on Sept. 16, 2001, called Pirs, the Russian word for pier.
		Its ISS hardware includes the truss structures that provide the station's framework, four pairs of large solar arrays, three nodes with ports for spacecraft and for passage to other ISS elements, and an airlock that accommodates U.S. and Russian space suits.
	www.eisenhowerinstitute.org /programs/globalpartnerships/fos/usrussianspace/iss.htm (1223 words)

	Assembly Sequence
		On-orbit assembly of the Space Station began in November 1998 when a Russian Proton rocket placed the Zarya module in orbit.
		ISS Expedition One Commander Bill Shepherd is flanked by Soyuz Commander Yuri P. Gidzenko (right) and Flight Engineer Sergei K. Krikalev (left) in this photograph, taken during a training break in Russia.
		The Assembly Sequence is considered a working schedule and is subject to adjustment as programmatic needs arise.
	stationpayloads.jsc.nasa.gov /D-aboutiss/D4.html (460 words)

	Boeing: Integrated Defense Systems - NASA Systems - International Space Station - Assembly Sequence
		November also marked the seventh anniversary of the first assembly mission and five years of continuous human presence on board.
		ISS assembly is expected to be completed in 2010.
		Boeing is the prime contractor for the ISS.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/spacestation/assembly.html (416 words)

	Statement of Daniel S. Goldin 6/24/98 ISS program
		The near-term schedule risk to the ISS assembly sequence identified by the CAV Task Force has been largely dealt with by the recent revision of the ISS schedule by the international partners.
		While this amount represents an increase in the percentage for the direct RSA budget previously allocated for the ISS, it is far short of the total 1998 requirement of $340 million previously identified for ISS activities ($100 million in direct funds, and $240 million in planned "supplemental" funds).
		ISS Program Management has initiated a process to assess options and refine and validate these estimates with the objective of having more reliable estimates, as well as lower cost alternatives available to review within the Administration as part of the FY 2000 budget formulation process.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /congress/goldin6-24.html (2232 words)

	Administrator Goldin's statement during the 3/12/98 hearing--Space Station status (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The ISS utilization program has been restructured to better phase the on-orbit deliveries of research equipment to be more in concert with the actual availability of the on-board resources for research, particularly during the assembly sequence.
		There are recognized difficulties in performing research during ISS assembly, but we are committed to taking maximum advantage of any opportunities during that period, as we did during the early flight tests of the Space Shuttle program.
		The total $430 million estimated additional requirement for ISS in FY 1998 was developed in recognition of the critical importance of maintaining both adequate prime contractor funding levels and adequate reserves to address unanticipated requirements in the major hardware and software integration effort planned this year.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /congress/goldin3-12.html (5013 words)

	ISS Background Info - International Space Station
		Assembly of the more than 100 components will require a combination of human space walks and robot technologies.
		In early December of that same year, the STS-88 mission saw Space Shuttle Endeavour attach the Unity module to Zarya initiating the first ISS assembly sequence.
		The third ISS mission was STS-96 in June 1999 with Discovery supplying the two modules with tools and cranes.
	www.calgarycoin.com /jupiter51/iss_background.htm (448 words)

	ISS assembly sequence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The following is the assembly sequence of the major components of the International Space Station.
		NASA Human Spaceflight - ISS Assembly Sequence webpage
		This page was last modified 10:50, 16 June 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ISS_assembly_sequence (79 words)

	ISS heads of agency meet at Kennedy Space Center
		The partners reaffirmed their agencies' commitment to meet their mutual obligations, to implement six person crew operations in 2009, and an adequate number of Shuttle flights to complete the assembly of ISS by the end of the decade.
		The partners also affirmed their plans to use a combination of transportation systems provided by Europe, Japan, Russia, and the United States in order to complete ISS assembly in a timeframe that meets the needs of the partners and ensures full utilisation of the unique capabilities of the ISS throughout its lifetime.
		The ISS Heads of Agency expressed their appreciation for the outstanding work being conducted by the ISS on-orbit crews and ground support personnel, commending them for their creativity in making full use of available resources to operate the ISS, prepare for assembly missions and carry out scientific research aboard the ISS.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-03/esa-iho030306.php (327 words)

	ISS assembly sequence: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Iss zvezda is a russian service module for the international space station....
		The iss truss forms the backbone of the international space station, with mountings for unpressurized logistics carriers, radiators, solar arrays, and other...
		The science power platform (spp) is a russian element of the international space station (iss) brought up by the space shuttle to provide additional power...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/i/is/iss_assembly_sequence2.htm (1189 words)

	American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology -- Revised Space Station Assembly Schedule Approved (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The revision in the station's assembly schedule is the direct result of funding delays in the construction of the Service Module, the primary Russian contribution to the early assembly of the station and a component that will supply the early living quarters, life support systems, and propulsion.
		The flights, called flight 2A.1 in late 1998 and flight 7A.1 in late 1999, may be used to offload cargo from adjacent assembly flights and assist with U.S. outfitting of the station.
		Assembly flight 13A, a shuttle mission that carries two additional solar arrays, has been realigned earlier in the assembly sequence and will provide additional power for scientific activities and station assembly.
	baby.indstate.edu /asgsb/newsletter/v13_2/station.html (512 words)

	AIAA - Aerospace America Online - STEERING THE STATION BACK ON COURSE - Uncertainties about cost estimates for a ...
		Without it, the ISS could well become a shell of its formerly promising self, one that is far too costly to complete, maintain, and operate.
		ISS assembly sequence changes also would be needed, and this would cut the number of shuttle flights that support the station to four per year.
		Sugawa reiterated a theme sounded by each of the foreign partners speaking at the NAC meeting: U.S. core complete is a term not identified in the intergovernmental agreement or the memorandum of understanding documents that were forged among nations to move forward on building the station.
	www.aiaa.org /aerospace/Article.cfm?issuetocid=200&ArchiveIssueID=25 (2842 words)

	Space Station \| The Station \| Space Station Assembly
		Assembly of the more than 100 components will require a combination of human spacewalks and robot technologies.
		The third ISS mission was STS-96 in June 1999 with Discovery supplying the two modules with tools and cranes.
		When the ISS is completed, an international crew of up to seven will live and work in space between three and six months.
	www.pbs.org /spacestation/station/assembly.htm (311 words)

	United Space Alliance Newsletter Article
		The partners also affirmed their plans to use a combination of transportation systems provided by Europe, Japan, Russia, and the United States in order to complete ISS assembly in a timeframe that meets the needs of the partners and to ensure full utilization of the unique capabilities of the ISS throughout its lifetime.
		The revised assembly sequence calls for 16 Space Shuttle flights, two "Shuttle-equivalent" commercial logistics flights, advances the European Columbus Laboratory module to the seventh Shuttle flight of the sequence and the JEM and associated equipment to the eighth, ninth and 12th Shuttle flights.
		ISS Expedition 12 commander and NASA Space Station science officer Bill McArthur maneuvers the Space Station Remote Manipulator System from the Destiny laboratory during a survey of the Unity node berthing mechanism.
	www.unitedspacealliance.com /news/newsletters/Issue056/Articles/ISS_Partners_Set_Out_Plan_for_Assembly.asp (460 words)

	CSA - International Space Station - Heads of Agency
		The partners reaffirmed their agencies' commitment to meet their mutual obligations, to implement six person crew operations in 2009, and an adequate number of Shuttle flights to complete the assembly of ISS by the end of the decade.
		The partners also affirmed their plans to use a combination of transportation systems provided by Europe, Japan, Russia, and the United States in order to complete ISS assembly in a timeframe that meets the needs of the partners and to ensure full utilization of the unique capabilities of the ISS throughout its lifetime.
		The ISS Heads of Agency expressed their appreciation for the outstanding work being conducted by the ISS on-orbit crews and ground support personnel, commending them for their creativity in making full use of available resources to operate the ISS, prepare for assembly missions and carry out scientific research aboard the ISS.
	www.space.gc.ca /asc/eng/media/news_releases/2006/0302.asp (349 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| NASA, partners unveil new station assembly sequence
		The revamped assembly sequence was unveiled by NASA Administrator Mike Griffin today after a "heads of agencies" meeting at the Kennedy Space Center.
		It is the first assembly plan that fully takes into account President Bush's 2004 directive to complete the station and retire the space shuttle by 2010 and develop a new spacecraft to return astronauts to the moon by the end of the next decade.
		But confronted with a choice between having the high confidence to be able to complete the assembly of the station and deferring utilization, or utilizing it heavily as we built it and possibly not finishing, we chose the former course.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0603/02isssequence (1514 words)

	STS-98 Shuttle Press Kit
		The primary objective of STS-98, International Space Station Assembly Mission 5A, is to deliver and install the U.S. Destiny Laboratory onto the ISS.
		The ISS crew and/or ground controllers will perform some activation and checkout tasks of the laboratory after the orbiter crew ingress is complete.
		Other activation procedures that will be performed by the ISS crew after Atlantis leaves, include the activation and checkout of the water vent system, inhibiting the water vent system, and activation and checkout of the vacuum vent system.
	www.shuttlepresskit.com /STS-98 (2599 words)

	International Space Station (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The International Space Station ('''ISS''') is a joint project of 16 countries: the USA, Russia, Japan, Canada, Brazil and 11 countries of the European Union.
		In many ways the ISS represents a merger of previously planned independent space stations, especially Russias Mir 2, United States Space Station Freedom and the planned European Columbus, representing a permanent human presence in space: it has been manned with a crew of at least two since November 2, 2000.
		Astronaut Michael Foale on a construction EVA outside the ISS in February 2004 On 27 February 2004, ISS crew Michael Foale and Alexander Kalery conducted the first spacewalk involving its entire crew (Soyuz 26 was the first involving the whole crew of a vehicle).
	international-space-station.ask.dyndns.dk (1833 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| NASA, partners unveil new station assembly sequence
		The revamped assembly sequence was unveiled by NASA Administrator Mike Griffin today after a "heads of agencies" meeting at the Kennedy Space Center.
		It is the first assembly plan that fully takes into account President Bush's 2004 directive to complete the station and retire the space shuttle by 2010 and develop a new spacecraft to return astronauts to the moon by the end of the next decade.
		But confronted with a choice between having the high confidence to be able to complete the assembly of the station and deferring utilization, or utilizing it heavily as we built it and possibly not finishing, we chose the former course.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0603/02isssequence (1397 words)

	The mission of the International Space S (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Completion of ISS assembly is likely to be delayed from one to three years beyond December 2003.
		The ISS Program has been diligent and resourceful in managing the unique challenges of this complex venture given the significant complexity and uncertainty of international involvement and the difficult task of staying within annual and total funding caps established prior to final Program content definition.
		This phase of the ISS Program requires simultaneous integration of launch operations, on-orbit assembly operations, engineering support, and logistics and maintenance support with mission operations over an extended period of time.
	permanent.access.gpo.gov /lps1011/cavtf_1.html (3311 words)

	Frontier Status #100 - 5 June 1998
		This is contradictory to news announced June 1 when Russia committed to funding the ISS through termination of the Mir space station program.
		Following a meeting on May 31, the partners in the International Space Station have announced a revised schedule revised schedule for the on-orbit assembly of the station.
		Final launch in the assembly is slated for January of 2004.
	www.frontierstatus.com /fs0100.shtml (2524 words)

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