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	Ian Hacking - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ian Hacking, CC (born 1936 in Vancouver) is a philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of science.
		Hacking also took his Ph.D. at Cambridge (1962), under the direction of Casimir Lewy, a former student of Wittgenstein's.
		Hacking is known for bringing a historical approach to the philosophy of science and was one of the important members of the "Stanford School" in philosophy of science, a group that also included John Dupre, Nancy Cartwright, and Peter Galison.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ian_Hacking (350 words)

	Historical Ontology - Ian Hacking - Reviewed by: David Hyder University of Konstanz
		Ian Hacking’s newest book is many things at once: an anthology of occasional pieces, a reflection on the uses of history in philosophy, a treatment of the work of Michel Foucault, a contraction and extension of ideas in Hacking’s earlier work.
		Hacking concedes that he is arguing for a species of conceptual scheme; however, he contends that his notion is immune to the usual Davidsonian critique.
		Hacking’s thinking bifurcates at this point as well: the critical intuition is developed further in the work on styles of reasoning; whereas the strong, ontological version is preserved in what he calls “dynamic nominalism”, even though the latter holds only for a restricted domain.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /hacking.htm (2071 words)

	FT May 2000: Appearances and Realities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Professor Hacking is a distinguished representative of the school of analytic—empirical philosophy, so it is not surprising that he undertakes not to attack or defend the notion of social constructionism but rather to analyze it.
		Hacking’s second conclusion is about what is constructed: if X is in fact socially constructed, then X is not a hard, resistant, and inevitable reality but rather an idea/concept that merely expresses a certain social attitude toward some reality.
		Hacking chooses to say that all the items in this alphabetized list are "in the world in a commonsensical, not fancy meaning of that term," and he goes on to call them "objects, for lack of a better label." It certainly is a poor label for such a heterogeneous list.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0005/reviews/pols.html (1363 words)

	The Social Construction of What ? - Ian Hacking
		Ian Hacking is a philosopher, and philosophically he tries to position himself in the debate about social construction and in the so-called "culture wars" and "science wars" (as epitomized by the Sokal hoax -- see Alan Sokal and Jean Bricmont's Fashionable Nonsense and our review).
		Hacking understands that the debate goes much deeper than this, but his overview of the nominal issues is also a valuable contribution to the raging debate.
		Ian Hacking is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toronto.
	www.complete-review.com /reviews/hackingi/scofwhat.htm (1324 words)

	Ian Hacking. The Social Construction of What?
		The work is of course shaped by the ongoing skirmishes of ‘the science wars,’ although Hacking warns us that the metaphor of war for an academic debate does disservice to both the debate and its intractability, and to the messy ugliness of real war.
		Hacking’s argument overall is weakest here, because, as he notes, realism is not treated as the opposite of nominalism anymore, but he does not review the alternatives.
		Hacking differentiates himself from social constructivists, particularly on the basis of his analysis of contingency, although I am not so convinced by his demarcation efforts.
	www.ualberta.ca /~cjscopy/reviews/what.html (664 words)

	What was Mill's problem really?
		Through a complex process that Hacking calls a "looping effect," however, those classified as homosexuals were able over time to have their classification altered by the group of professional psychological classifiers to the point where homosexuality is no longer seen as a psychological malady (see Davidson, 1990).
		Hacking's thesis about the indeterminacy of the past is the most radical aspect of his theory, and there are good reasons to be skeptical about at least some of its bolder claims, perhaps particularly his claim that present re-descriptions of the past can actually change the truth of the past.
		Hacking's thesis is intriguing with respect to both of these first two points because Hacking is adamant that we keep context, particularly historical context, firmly in mind when evaluating situations and attempting to determine meaning, even if, paradoxically, his claim about the indeterminacy of the past sometimes confuses this point.
	www.radpsynet.org /journal/vol4-2/Stewart2a.html (5493 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Social Construction of What?: Books: Ian Hacking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Hacking, a University of Toronto philosopher and historian of science, is one of those remarkable people who not only explore the jagged edges of human experience with great sensitivity, but seamlessly join them to history, social practices, and societal structures to yield explanations more compelling than any heretofore available.
		Hacking refuses to be bullied into taking either side of the debate on science vs. objective truth, but he recognizes that a dizzying process started with the attempt (which he finds in Kant) to see morality as a human construct.
		Unfortunately, Hacking does not explore the part played by the separation of the good from the true in the press-ganging of much science into the service of the military industrial complex; his weak chapter is on weapons research.
	www.amazon.ca /Social-Construction-What-Ian-Hacking/dp/0674004124 (3062 words)

	Daniel Hoyt: Referat on Ian Hacking
		Here, Hacking's exhaustive defense of entity realism moves directly into an explanation of how apparatus are used in experiments, and how these entities can be viewed as real even if we do not understand every detail of their existence.
		Hacking's disclaimer: "Manipulatability" is not the only means of bringing an entity into definite existence.
		Here, Hacking seems to be dodging the Social Constructivist attacks by telling us that we must not assume that entities exist only when we use them as tools.
	www.drury.edu /ess/philsci/DHIHacking.html (1805 words)

	Amherst College: News & Events: News Releases : Ian Hacking
		Hacking’s talk, which is free and open to the public, is a part of the “Science and Value” lecture series, organized by the Department of Philosophy at Amherst College and funded by the Forry Fund in Philosophy and Science.
		Ian Hacking was elected in 2000 to a chair in Philosophy and the History of Scientific Concepts at the Collège de France, Paris.
		Hacking earned a B.A. at the University of British Columbia and a second B.A. and Ph.D. in philosophy at Cambridge University.
	www.amherst.edu /~pubaff/news/news_releases/01/hacking.html (357 words)

	Washington University - News & Information
		Hacking is best known for his work in the philosophy of science, language and mathematics and his inquiry into philosophical questions about psycho-pathology.
		In 2000, Hacking was elected to a chair in philosophy and the history of scientific concepts at the College de France in Paris.
		Hacking was born and raised in Vancouver, Canada.
	news-info.wustl.edu /News/2002/hacking.html (506 words)

	The Social Construction of What? by Ian Hacking
		Hacking is a moderate in that he is opposed to both extremes in the constructionist debate.
		Although Hacking frequently shows sympathy with constructionists who possibly are correctly "unmasking" authorities and mythologies that are untrue, he also critiques strongly those that use the idea dishonestly to further some hidden agenda.
		Ian Hacking is University Professor of Philosophy and a member of the Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology at the University of Toronto.
	www.2think.org /hacking.shtml (1002 words)

	The Canada Council for the Arts - Jacques Poulin, Ian Hacking win Canada Council for the Arts Molson Prizes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Hacking is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the British Academy and the American Academy of the Arts and Sciences."
		Ian Hacking's work spans epistemology, philosophy of science, theory and history of probability, sociology, the philosophy and history of psychiatry and the philosophy of language.
		Born in Vancouver in 1936, Ian Hacking received a B.A. in Mathematics and Physics at the University of British Columbia; a B.A. (1st class) in Moral Sciences at Cambridge University and an M.A. and PhD at Cambridge University.
	www.canadacouncil.ca /news/releases/2001/fy127240951116875000.htm (1131 words)

	Mallon: Social Construction, Social Roles, and Stability
		For example, Hacking believes that most or all of the symptoms of most sufferers of multiple personality disorder are to be explained by appeal to the social roles occupied by multiples and not by some underlying biological dysfunction.
		Hacking’s view threatens the second of these claims, since it suggests that the differential features of occupants of social roles will not remain stable enough for terms associated with social roles to play a useful part in explanatory and predictive theories.
		Hacking provides little reason to think that such regimes of labeling must always be so causally efficacious as to undermine the associated conception or theory as an instrument of explanation and prediction.
	www.philosophy.utah.edu /faculty/mallon/Materials/scsrs.html (10886 words)

	social construction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Hacking distinguishes between "interactive" and "indifferent" concepts of "social construction." The former are drawn primarily from the social sciences, where the development of a concept in a matrix of institutions and practices, can effect changes on its very "object," particularly if the term is being applied to conscious human subjects.
		According to Hacking, quarks themselves (the objects and not the concepts) are not constructs, are not social, and are not historical.
		Hacking himself believes that something can be both socially constructed and real, and seems unimpressed by critiques of science, especially the physical sciences, that use the term of "social construction." Yet he is careful to acknowledge that the directions of scientific research reflect social values.
	www.christianhubert.com /hypertext/social_construction.html (466 words)

	[No title]
		Hacking credits Janet as the inventor of the word “dissociation” (in its present psychiatric sense), although he claims that Janet dropped the use of this word after the publication of his philosophical thesis of 1889, L 'automatisme psychologique [Psychological automatism].
		Hacking suggests that Janet eventually ceased taking the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder seriously, as he came to consider it simply as “a special case of what is today called a bipolar illness.
		Hacking also claims that Janet viewed the application of this substitution technique as quite a simple accomplishment where all memories “were removed, with a few words of hypnotic suggestion” (Hacking, 1995, p.
	pierre-janet.com /JSarticles/2005/ovdh05A.doc (6386 words)

	provost - Professor Ian M. Hacking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Ian Hacking received his B.A. in Mathematics and Physics from the University of British Columbia in 1956 and a B.A. in Moral Sciences from Cambridge University in 1958, where he subsequently received both his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in 1962.
		Professor Hacking joined the University of Toronto in 1982, and was selected as a University Professor in 1991.
		But Ian Hacking's influence is not limited to the academic world; he is also a public intellectual.
	www.provost.utoronto.ca /English/Professor-Ian-M.html (610 words)

	Ian Hacking Quotes & Quotations, Biographies And Pictures.
		Ian Hacking, Order of Canada (born 1936 in Vancouver) is a philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of science.
		He has undergraduate degrees from the University of British Columbia (1956) and the University of Cambridge (1958), where he was a student at Trinity College, Cambridge.
		Hacking also took his Ph.D. at Cambridge (1962), under the direction of Casmir Lewy, a former student of Wittgenstein's.
	www.focusdep.com /quotes/authors/Ian/Hacking (231 words)

	Books by Ian Hacking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		In this important new study Ian Hacking continues the enquiry into the origins and development of certain characteristic modes of contemporary thought undertaken in such previous works as his best selling Emergence of Probability.
		Professor Hacking shows how by the late nineteenth century it became possible to think of statistical patterns as explanatory in themselves, and to regard the world as not necessarily deterministic in character.
		Here the distinguished philosopher Ian Hacking uses the MPD epidemic and its links with the contemporary concept of child abuse to scrutinize today's moral and political climate, especially our power struggles about memory and our efforts to cope with psychological injuries.
	author.10books.com /Ian+Hacking (805 words)

	The Social Construction of What? -- Ian Hacking
		The stalemate that Hacking brilliantly describes but does not try to break is between many scientists' intuition of the inevitability of quarks and many philosophers' suspiciaon that the claim of inevitability make sense only if the idea of th intrinsic structure of reality makes sense.
		Hacking’s book is an excellent introduction and exploration of the meaning of this debate.
		Hacking recognizes how the notion of social construction is a liberating idea but also how it has been excessively and unfruitfully employed (“For all their power to liberate, those very words, ‘social construction,’ can work like cancerous cells.
	www.frontlist.com /detail/0674004124 (554 words)

	the untimely past / general bibliography
		Ian Hacking here presents a philosophical critique of early ideas about probability, induction and statistical inference and the growth of this new family of ideas in fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries.
		Hacking, Ian, "The Participant Irrealist at Large in the Laboratory." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 39 (1988), 277-294.
		Hacking, Ian, "On the Stability of the Laboratory Sciences." Journal of Philosophy, 85 (October 1988), 507-514.
	www.untimelypast.org /bibgen.html (15913 words)

	Rewriting the Soul: Multiple Personality and the Sciences of Memory by Ian Hacking
		Hacking's version of social construction does not imply that all reality is socially constructed or even that the phenomena in question are unmixed with unconstructed realities.
		Although Hacking embraces the looping effect in the construction of human kinds, he remains unconvinced of the claim that childhood abuse lies at the root of multiple personality.
		It puzzled me that Hacking, so scrupulously skeptical regarding the claim that childhood abuse is causally connected to multiple personality (calling it "an article of faith"), yet embraced the "looping effect" without so much as raising the question of empirical evidence for the causal relationships it asserts.
	www.apa.udel.edu /apa/archive/newsletters/v97n2/feminism/card.asp (1296 words)

	Record - Sept. 20, 2002
		Ian Hacking will deliver a lecture titled "Body Parts: Large and Small" at 11 a.m.
		Hacking is the University Professor in Philosophy at the University of Toronto.
		Hacking is best known for his work in the philosophy of science, language and mathematics and his inquiry into philosophical questions about psychopathology.
	record.wustl.edu /2002/09-20-02/hacking.html (769 words)

	Is Pi in the Sky? Where Do You Stand on the Question?
		Ian Hacking, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, has given us a number of stunning books on the history and philosophy of science (I think particularly of his Emergence of Probability).
		These principles have been formulated quite forcefully in what Hacking terms three "sticking points." I suppose he means by his choice of adjective that the major philosophical positions by which he characterizes the constructivist position will stick in the throats of those who happen to believe otherwise.
		But physicists, says Hacking, are not "necessitarians." They are "inevitabilists," believing that if successful physics has taken place, it was inevitable that it take place along the lines that it did.
	www.siam.org /siamnews/01-00/pi.htm (1073 words)

	Harvard University Press: Historical Ontology by Ian Hacking
		With the unusual clarity, distinctive and engaging style, and penetrating insight that have drawn such a wide range of readers to his work, Ian Hacking here offers his reflections on the philosophical uses of history.
		Hacking opens the volume with an extended meditation on the philosophical significance of history.
		Against this background, Hacking then develops ideas about how language, styles of reasoning, and "psychological" phenomena figure in the articulation of concepts--and in the very prospect of doing philosophy as historical ontology.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/HACHIS.html (271 words)

	۞ Ian Hacking - Infos und Erklärungen auf www.religionToday.de (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Ian Hacking (* 1936 in Vancouver) ist ein kanadischer Wissenschaftstheoretiker und Sprachphilosoph.
		Hacking wird zusammen mit Nancy Cartwright, John Dupre und Patrick Suppes der Stanford Schule in der Wissenschaftstheorie zugerechtet.
		Ian Hackings Beitrag zur wissenschaftstheoretischen Realismus Debatte mit dem 1983 veröffentlichten Buch Einführung in die Philosophie der Naturwissenschaften (Originaltitel: Representing and Intervening) ist eine Verschi...
	www.religiontoday.de /Ian_Hacking (425 words)

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