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Topic: Ibn Miskawayh

	MISKAWAYH [VII:143a] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		As a philosopher, Miskawayh is distinguished by the central importance he attached to ethics.
		Miskawayh led the struggle with the constancy and serenity of the sage.
		The global vision held by Miskawayh is that of the Nicomachean ethics linked with the Psychology of Plato, the ideas of Galen on the relationship between psychology and physiology, and of Bryson on domestic economy and the education of children.
	www.encislam.brill.nl /data/EncIslam/S5/SIM-5235.html (1201 words)

	صفحة جديدة 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Miskawayh, as an example, identifies the aim of the Islamic law (shari`a) and philosophy (hikma) as one and the same.
		Miskawayh further claims that the Prophets were sent by God to instruct both speculative and practical philosophy so that they might cure the people's diseases of ignorance and refine their bad morals.
		Miskawayh, in contrast, firmly believes that the world is created by God in time, having been made out of nothing and came into existence from non-existence.
	www.uluminsania.net /a125.htm (3023 words)

	Authors Quoted
		Al-Miskawayh, Ahmad ibn Muhammad; a historian and philosopher of the tenth century in Iran.
		Ibn Abi Talib, Ali; the fourth Islamic caliph and first Shi'ite Imam, the renowned seventh-century master, gnostic and traditionist to whom all Sufi orders trace their origin.
		Ibn Arabi, Muhyiddin; or al-Arabi, sixteenth-century theologian and mystic of Andalusia, Spain.
	www.nuradeen.com /Reflections/JourneyOfTheSelfAuthors.htm (209 words)

	Ahmad Ibn Muhammad
		Ibn Miskawayh was part of the Arabo-Persian artistocracy of his times and frequented the circles of the most learned of representatives of Islamic intellectual tradition.
		According to Yakut, Ibn Miskawayh died on 9 Safar 421/16 Febrary 1030, at the age of 100.
		Ibn Miskawayh considered the religious rituals in their functional aspects only; that is to say that they help us in adapting to religious life, using the dispositions that are natural to us, so that the rules and customs of religion are essentially reasonable.
	www.cis-ca.org /voices/m/makawayh-mn.htm (1251 words)

	RamazanOnline.com - The Ramazan Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The great intellectuals of their age including Avicenna the encyclopaedist, Ibn Miskawayh the historian-philosopher, Al-Fadl-Ibn Naubakht and Humayun Ibn Ishaq the renowned translator were entrusted with the responsibility for the organisation and maintenance of libraries.
		Humayun Ibn Ishaq, the chief of the translation department was also made the librarian of this famous library.
		Ibn Sina(Avicenna), the re-known intellectual luminary of Islam was given access to this library as he had cured the king of a fatal disease.
	www.ramazanonline.com /libraries.htm (3020 words)

	Ibn al
		13 Ibn al-Athīr's account of the Rūs seizure of the town of Barda'a and their eventual defeat by the forces of al-Marzubān Ibn Muhammad (the Musāfrid ruler of Azerbaidjan) is partly derived from Ibn Miskawayh (d.
		The expedition's point of departure cannot be ascertained from either Ibn al-Athīr or Ibn Miskawayh, although it may have used the lower Volga (as did the expedition of 913).
		Ibn Miskawayh notes that the belligerent townsmen were actually lending support to a Muslim force which had surrounded the town, but Ibn al-Athīr omits this point.
	www.deremilitari.org /RESOURCES/ARTICLES/watson1.htm (4480 words)

	Ethics in Islamic philosophy
		Ibn Sina developed a theory of the conjunction of the soul with the active intellect; with this conjunction is bound up the ultimate perfection of the soul which has attained the highest degree of wisdom and virtue.
		Ibn Rushd, the great Aristotelian philosopher and commentator, is known from the bibliographical sources to have written a paraphrase and a middle commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics, which have survived only in Hebrew and Latin, together with a paraphrase of Plato's Republic which is also relevant to his ethical theory.
		Ibn Miskawayh's two best-known Persian followers are Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, author of Akhlaq-i Nasiri (Nasirean Ethics), and Jalal al-Din al-Dawani, author of Lawami al-ishraq fi makarim al-akhlaq (Flashes of Illumination on the Nobility of Character), known also as Akhlaq-i Jalali.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/H018.htm (3436 words)

	PoliticalBranch: Ibn Miskawayh
		Little is known of Ibn Miskawayh's personal life.
		It is believed he converted to Islam from Zoroastrianism, the religion of pre-Islamic Iran.
		This is a paragraph of text that could go in the sidebar.
	politicalbranch.blogspot.com /2005/01/ibn-miskawayh.html (56 words)

	Occultation
		The work of Ibn Abi Tayy is not extant, but al-Dhahabi used it in writing al-nawbakhti's biography; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, f.
		Moreover Ibn Barina, the grandson of the second safir, also reports the testament and agrees with the other agents in regard to its authenticity.
		According to some reports, the decision that Ibn Ruh would be the successor of Abu Ja'far had already been revealed by Abu Ja'far himself to a few agents three years before his death in 305/917.
	www.yamahdi.com /books/occultation/fn_chap6.htm (499 words)

	Ibn 'Adi, Yahya (893-974) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Ibn 'Adi can best be described as the Christian philosopher of unity, as he devoted most of his career and used all his logical skills to defend the concept of God's unity and its consistency with the concept of trinity.
		His students, a mixture of Muslims and Christians, included Ibn Miskawayh, Ibn al-Khammar, who wrote a treatise on the harmony between philosophy and dogma (which may have influenced Ibn Rushd in his treatment of the same subject), and Ibn Zur'a.
		Ibn 'Adi responds that it is true that the three figures are composite individuals by virtue of their substance and properties, but their being composite does not make them caused, because it is possible for a thing to be composite eternally if the parts were not separate before the composition.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/h034.htm (1176 words)

	Joseph Kenny OP: PHILOSOPHY OF THE MUSLIM WORLD, Ch. 4 THE HUMAN SOUL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Miskawayh anticipates Ibn-Rushd in speaking of the unicity of the soul or intellect:
		But this passage does not agree with al-Fawz al-asghar, where Miskawayh says that one of the pleasures of the separated soul is the company of other souls that resemble it.
		The soul is not impressed in the body nor does it subsist in it, but its special relationship (ikhtisâs) with it is after the manner of individual configuration (hay’a), which attracts the soul to look after an individual body, with an essential and special providence for it.
	www.diafrica.org /nigeriaop/kenny/phil/phile4.htm (8756 words)

	Sufis, Philosophers, and Nanak by Sanderson Beck
		Miskawayh found that human love for God is too high to be attained by mortals; but the student's love for the teacher is even more important than a son's love for his parents because teachers educate souls and guide them to happiness.
		Ibn Hazm observed that those who worked for this end were joyful and free of cares, even when they underwent unpleasant tests, because of the hope that the end of their life would bring what they sought.
		Ibn Hazm encapsulated the whole of virtue in the saying of the prophet Muhammad on the golden rule - "Do as you would be done by."5 From the prophet's forbidding of all anger Ibn Hazm inferred that the soul should turn away from greed and lust while upholding justice.
	www.san.beck.org /GPJ7-Sufis.html (16668 words)

	Int
		In his capacity as head of Baghdad physicians, he was asked to teach healing art to many students from far and near who after graduation led prominent and successful professional life in their own countries.
		As reported by many historians, Ibn al-Tilmidh made use of the works of the Greek physicians and also the works of Ibn Sina as the main sources of his teaching.
		Ibn Ridwan blamed Ibn Jazzar both for his lack of experience in Egypt and for his misunderstanding of natural theories, particularly of the notion of temperament.
	www.e-imj.com /Vol4-No1/Vol4-No1-L1.htm (1804 words)

	Nahj al-Balaghah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		On Amir al-mu'minin's side Malik al-Ashtar was in command of the horsemen and `Ammar ibn Yasir of the foot soldiers of Kufah while Sahl ibn Hunayf al-Ansari was in command of the horsemen and Qays ibn Sa`d of the foot soldiers of Basrah.
		In the army of the Syrians on the right hand contingent Ibn Dhi'l-Kala` was in command, while on the left hand contingent Habib ibn Maslamah, on horsemen `Amr ibn al-`As and on foot soldiers ad-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri were in command.
		On the sixth day Qays ibn Sa`d al-Ansari came forward with the army and to face him Ibn Dhi'l-Kala` came out with his contingent, and such a severe fighting ensued that at every step bodies were seen falling and blood flowing like streams.
	www.shiarightpath.com /NahjulBalagha/nahj/124.htm (3083 words)

	Muslim "Chicken Soup for the Soul"
		The philosopher Ibn Miskawayh (932—1030) carried on this tradition by identifying Tibb al-Rufus (soul medicine) as an important part of the Islamic corpus.
		Ibn Miskawayh believes that a key factor in Tibb al-Ruhani is the sense of balance within the whole person, and illness therein is an expression of imbalance within the emotional and psychological domains.
		Learning just what fellow countrymen think will go a long way to alleviate the constant pressure to prove their loyalties, since the engagement in ideas and concepts, according to Ibn Miskawayh, is a good way to offset soul malaise.
	www.parkridgecenter.org /Page1945.html (970 words)

	[No title]
		However, the major text on which al-Tusi’s reputation as an interpreter of Ibn Sina’s philosophy rests is his commentary on the Kitab al-Isharat (Remarks and Admonitions), written towards the end of his stay with the Isma‘ilis.
		Al-Tusi’s vehemently anti-Isma‘ili defence of Ibn Sina is unreservedly polemical, using the same tactic of accusations of weak logic and feeble-mindedness which he had employed against al-Razi.
		However, al-Tusi expands on Ibn Miskawayh both in the initial section on principles, mainly a theoretical treatment of psychology (the soul), and in his subsequent treatment of character and the virtues.
	www.wmif.org /philosofer15.html (1996 words)

	Joseph Kenny OP: PHILOSOPHY OF THE MUSLIM WORLD, Ch. 2 GOD AND THE WORLD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He accepts the principle that from one there can only come one thing, and thus proposes that the first creature is the Agent Intellect, by which he creates the soul and the body of the first heavenly sphere.
		Miskawayh’s ambiguous use of the term `adam, a translation of Aristotle’s “privation”, could apply equally well to “nothing” or to privation in a pre-existing subject.
		But Thomas refined this distinction, rejecting the idea of Miskawayh (less clear with Ibn-Sînâ) that existence is an accident, and showing that its relationship to essence is that of act to potency.
	www.diafrica.org /nigeriaop/kenny/phil/phile2.htm (8756 words)

	Libraries
		Khalid bin Yazid, a learned scientist of the Omayyad dynasty is credited with being the originator of libraries in Islam.
		The Samanid King of Bukhara, Nub bin Mansur owned a magnificent library, which according to Ibn Khalikan possessed rare books on almost all subjects specially on philosophy.
		A number of special libraries had sprung up dealing with particular subjects.
	www.netmuslims.com /info/libraries.html (3020 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		721- 815 Jabir ibn Hayyan, Abu Musa (Geber); alchemist.
		1090-1162 Ibn Zuhr, Abu Marwun `Abd al-Malik (Avenzoar, Abumeron); physician.
		1332-1406 Ibn Khaldun, Abu Zayd `Abd al-Rahman; historian, sociologist.
	web.umr.edu /~msaumr/reference/articles/science/contributors.html (98 words)

	Tusi, Nasir al-Din al- -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		in full Jamal Ad-din Hasan Ibn Yusuf Ibn 'ali Ibn Muthahhar Al-hilli theologian and expounder of Shi'i doctrines one of the two main systems of Islam, the other being the Sunni, which is the larger.
		in full Abu 'ali Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ya'qub Ibn Miskawayh Persian scientist, philosopher, and historian whose scholarly works became models for later generations of Islamic thinkers.
		In the 12th century the physician as-Samaw'al continued and completed the work of al-Karaji in algebra and also provided a systematic treatment of decimal fractions as a means of approximating irrational quantities.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9073899 (649 words)

	Mslim-sentist-2
		912 (died) - Al-Tamimi Muhammad Ibn Amyal (Attmimi) -
		1341 (died) - Al-Jildaki, Muhammad Ibn Aidamer -
		Professor of Chemistry at Faculty of Science-University of Cairo Giza-Egypt and director of Science Heritage Center
	theislam.itgo.com /Sci-sentist-2.htm (368 words)

	Alternative Sources of Nahjul Balagha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		(6) Muhammad ibn Habib, al-Mughtalin, on the authority of Abu `Abd al-Rahman al-Salami;
		(6) Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 132 (b.d.d), II, 287 (`a.a.z).
		(2) Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 27, II, 140 (d.w.r), III, 238 (`a.s.l.j).
	www.holynajaf.net /eng/html/nahjulbalaga/altsourc.htm (1955 words)

	Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy Online : Islamic philosophy
		Ibn Rushd, Abu’l Walid Muhammad: 2 God and the world
		Causality and necessity in Islamic thought: 3 Natural philosophy
		Ibn Rushd, Abu’l Walid Muhammad: 5 The role of philosophy
	www.rep.routledge.com /article-related/H057 (205 words)

	Timeline of Islamic Scientists
		800 Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (Alkindus) (Philosophy, Physics, Optics)
		815 Al-Dinawari, Abu Hanifa Ahmed Ibn Dawood (Mathematics)
		1095 Ibn Bajah, Mohammad Ibn Yahya (Avenpace) (Philosophy, Medicine)
	adw.hct.ac.ae /til/inventors/timeline_islamic_scientists.htm (114 words)

	Timeline of Islamic Scientists
		By placing each writer in a historical context, this will help us understand the influences and borrowing of ideas.
		(died) - Khalid Ibn Yazeed - Alchemy
		- Ibn Bajah, Mohammed Ibn Yahya
	www.levity.com /alchemy/islam10.html (861 words)

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