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Topic: Ibrahim Egal

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	africast.com - News List
		Somaliland President Muhammad Ibrahim Egal told IRIN that he would like international observers to witness the referendum, which was "also a referendum on the separation of the country and the renewal of [Somaliland's former independent] status".
		Egal said the referendum would be "a very major undertaking" and was likely to cost about US $1 million.
		Egal told IRIN that Somaliland would "borrow from the Nigeria experience" in that any political organisation that won a minimum of 20 percent of the vote in at least four of the six regions in the country would qualify as a legitimate political party.
	news.africast.com /article.php?newsID=10459&strRegion=East (262 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Issaq in Somalia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		President Egal told the delegation he was unhappy with the lack of international recognition for his government and urged the UN to push for that recognition.
		Mohamad Egal was reelected president of the Somaliland Republic gaining 223 of 315 votes in the National Communities Conference which acted as an electoral college.
		Egal continued to criticize the international community for failing to recognize Somaliland's independence and to reject appeals for the reunification of Somaliland with the rest of Somalia.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=52001 (4143 words)

	IRIN Africa \| Horn of Africa \| Somalia \| SOMALIA: Somaliland leader buried \| Governance \| Breaking News
		Egal, who is said to have been in his seventies at the time of his death, was a contemporary of Africa's independence leaders of the 1960s, a Somali expert told IRIN.
		Egal started in politics in the 1950s when he was part of the independence movement of the-then British Somaliland Protectorate.
		Egal's legacy to Somaliland was the constitution, which would serve to render the transition smooth, said former Somali ambassador and writer Husayn Du'ale.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=27613&SelectRegion=Horn_of_Africa&SelectCountry=SOMALIA (811 words)

	Somaliland Times
		Egal who was born in 1929 died from laceration that happened while he was getting a colonoscopy, which is a procedure for examining the colon and rectum.
		Egal’s shroud-wrapped body was then lowered by his three sons into a grave next to his father, Ibrahim Egal.
		Egal was born in 1928 at Odweyne, midway between the historic northern Somali trading center and port of Berbera and the old escarpment town of Sheikh.
	www.somalilandforum.com /news/papers/Somaliland-Times-Issue18.htm (5126 words)

	Profile of Late President Mohamed H. Ibrahim Egal
		Born in Odweine, to Haji Ibrahim Egal and Khadija Mohamed Osman.
		Egal was appointed the third Prime Minister of the Somali Republic.
		Mohamed H. Ibrahim Egal was elected President of Somaliland in a national conference held in Borama.
	www.somalilandforum.com /somaliland/government/presidents/mohamed_ibrahim_egal/profile.htm (424 words)

	In reply to ‘President’ Mohamed Ibrahim Egal of ‘Somaliland’ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Egal was the Minister of Defence of the Somali Republic between 1960 to 1962.
		Between 1967 to 1969, Mohamed Ibrahim Egal was the Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Somali Republic.
		Egal, as the last line of your Who’s Who entry has it, whatever you may have been in the past, you are now the leader of a self-proclaimed republic, a secessionist leader if you like it.
	www.somaliawatch.org /archive/000410202.htm (2663 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| President Egal of Somaliland dies
		Reports said Mohamed Ibrahim Egal had been undergoing treatment at a hospital in the South African city of Pretoria for the past 10 days, but he had not been responding to treatment.
		Mohamed Egal was elected leader of the self-declared republic by a council of elders drawn from the region's main clans.
		In an interview with the BBC three years ago, Mr Egal said he was disappointed that Somaliland's development as an independent state had not been acknowledged, and he rejected any suggestion of reunification with Somalia.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/1966718.stm (414 words)

	Welcome banadir.com
		Mohamed Ibrahim Egal said reunification of the country was not impossible in the long term, but could never be imposed on his northern Somaliland region.
		Egal did not attend the conference and said Abdiqassim had assured him before the meeting started it would only concern itself with the problems of southern Somalia.
		Egal dismissed the appointments, saying Abdiqassim was only "shooting himself in the leg" by trying to interfere in the north before he had brought peace to the south.
	www.banadir.com /past.shtml (524 words)

	afrol News: Future uncertain after Somaliland President's death
		Egal was elected president by clan elders and a constituent assembly in May 1993.
		Egal repeatedly opposed efforts to reunite Somalia, which he saw as a threat to Somaliland's autonomy and threatened to drag Somaliland back into the country's long-running civil war.
		Egal refused to support the Transitional National Government (TNG) for Somalia that was chosen by clan representatives at the Arta conference of August 2000.
	www.afrol.com /News2002/som007_egal_funeral.htm (1166 words)

	GEESKA AFRIKA MAGAZINE AND HAN- geeskaafrika.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Somaliland's Prime Minister, Mohammed Haji Ibrahim Egal was kept in the dark about the plots which were underway in Mogadishu to fill the key posts of Prime Minister and minister of Interior.
		Egal and Aw Ali were given a rapturous reception when they arrived in Hargeisa on May 27 as witnessed by the UN Secretary General's Special Representative, Admiral Jonathan Howe, who paid his first official visit to Hargeisa on that day.
		Egal persuaded the people of Somaliland to turnout in large numbers for the constitutional referendum voting in order show to the world solidarity with the secession of Somaliland and that we are a government with it institutions and constitution.
	www.geeskaafrika.com /igad2020_7oct04.htm (3165 words)

	Somaliland Times
		Egal was also accompanied by his wife, Kaltum Haji Dahir, and five children from another wife, Asha Saeed Aabi, in addition to a delegation comprising foreign minister Mohamed Saeed Gees, information minister Abdillahi Mohamed Dualle and governor of Bank of Somaliland, Abdirahman Dualle.
		Egal was elected President of the new Republic in Boroma’s National Reconciliation Conference on May 3, 1993.
		It is time to remember Egal’s good legacies as the hero of the struggle for Independence from the British colonial rule and as the man who stood firm and resolutely against all odds for the sovereignty and independence of our country as the President of present-day Somaliland.
	www.somalilandtimes.net /Archive/Archive/00001700.htm (4205 words)

	Somaliland.Org - Sh. Ibrahim Sh. Yuusuf Sh. Madar – An Astute Peacemaker And A Sagacious Elder
		Ibrahim was a leading member of the elders who organized a conference for the clans participating in the struggle, particularly the middle sector.
		Ibrahim was instrumental in the organization of the peace conference held in Borama between February 1991 and March 1991 under the theme “Guul Allah” (Victory of Allah), thus heralding a new era of consolidating peace and restoring broken brotherly ties among Somaliland clans.
		Ibrahim was then elected as the country’s first Speaker at the inauguration session of the first Senate House in early August 1993.
	www.somaliland.org /opinions.asp?ID=04073001 (849 words)

	Somaliland.(Country Profile) - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		The choice of Egal as President in 1993 helped to provide the fledgling mini-republic with international respect and internal solidarity even if its existence was formally rejected.
		Egal was one of Africa's first generation of leaders: he had briefly been President of Somaliland in 1960 before its unification with the south.
		President Egal was temporarily succeeded by his deputy, Dahir Riyale Kahin.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1G1-111617818.html (1076 words)

	Bogga wararka ee www.Somaliland-Democracy-Watch.co.uk
		Egal, 73, who died after bowel surgery at a military hospital in Pretoria.
		Egal, who came to power in 1993, was succeeded by his vice president, Dahir Riyale Kahin, who promised to bring international recognition and continued stability to the breakaway Horn of Africa country.
		Egal's death and was unanimously endorsed Friday night at an emergency meeting of the councils of elders and ministers, as well as parliament.
	www.sdwo.com /eager.htm (836 words)

	The Daily Princetonian: Thursday, October 14, 1999
		In his speech, "The Sovereignty of Somaliland," Egal explained that his homeland is a tribal and primarily agrarian society located in the northern region of the Somali Republic, which is often called Somalia.
		Egal immediately tried to strike a chord with the audience by paralleling the plight of his breakaway nation with that of another, more familiar republic.
		Egal is travelling in the United States, shuttling between Washington, D.C. and New York City in pursuit of recognition from "the world's only superpower," he said.
	www.dailyprincetonian.com /Content/1999/10/14/news/2oriordan.html (427 words)

	Somaliland
		Formerly the British Somaliland Protectorate, it merged with Italian Somaliland[?] in 1960.
		The prime minister of British Somaliland, Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal[?], became a minister in the new republic of Somalia.
		Egal was elected president in 1993, re-elected in 1998 and remained in power until his death on 3 May 2002.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/br/British_Somaliland.html (166 words)

	El Corresponsal de Medio Oriente y Africa
		Egal was born in 1928 at Odweyne, midway between the historic northern Somali trading centre and port of Berbera and the old escarpment town of Sheikh.
		Mohamed Ibrahim Egal married Asha Said Abi in 1946 - who was to bear him three sons and two daughters - and was soon in the thick of political struggle.
		Southerners held most of the keys to power and patronage but Egal became minister of defence in the new Somali Republic, and it was agreed that a referendum was to be held within a year to ratify a constitution in which all Somali people had a place.
	www.elcorresponsal.com /modules.php?name=ElCorresponsal_Biografias&req_bio_id=478&req_bio_link=114 (1623 words)

	Atricle5.4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Mohamed Ibrahim Egal, the President of the breakaway area of Somaliland, died in a South African military hospital on May 3.
		Egal was receiving medical treatment in South Africa and he passed away during an operation.
		Egal was often described as a "Father figure." He was also instrumental in promoting political harmony that has helped to lead to peace and stability in Somaliland over the past few years.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~jmroth/somalia5.4 (169 words)

	Somaliland eager to prove its worth as independent state - Global Policy Forum - Nations and States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The breakaway Republic of Somaliland, whose leader, Mohammed Ibrahim Egal, died last week while undergoing medical treatment in South Africa, proclaimed its independence almost 11 years ago but has never been recognized by the international community.
		Egal, who came to power in 1993, was succeeded by his vice president, Dahir Riyale Kahin, who promised to bring international recognition and continued stability to the breakaway Horn of Africa country.
		Egal's death and was unanimously endorsed Friday night at an emergency meeting of the councils of elders and ministers, as well as parliament.
	www.globalpolicy.org /nations/sovereign/sover/emerg/2002/0509Som.htm (933 words)

	Somaliland president dies in SA: News24: Archive: News24
		Egal is survived by five children and his wife, Khultun Haji Dahir, who came to South Africa with him.
		Egal's body was being prepared for the flight to be flown back to Hargeisa, capital of Somaliland, as soon as possible.
		Egal's body would be accompanied by his foreign affairs minister, Mohamad Saeed Mohamad, and information minister Abdillahi Mohammed Duale, who came to South Africa with him.
	www.news24.com /News24/Archive/0,9294,2-1659_1176867,00.html (374 words)

	Somaliland news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Accusations against Egal, including those of using government funds and misappropriating money to found his own party, have led to an attempt to impeach him.
		Egal was criticized for forging ahead with the founding of his own political party, the Allied People's Democratic Party (or UDUB, meaning "pillar"), by holding a conference in early July in Hargeysa with representatives from the regions, districts, parliament and current administration.
		Critics of Egal said he was using "state" resources to establish his party, and had brought in leading members of the present government, giving him an unfair advantage in upcoming multiparty and presidential elections.
	www.somalilandnews.com /slnews39.html (255 words)

	Somaliland History
		The prime minister of British Somaliland, Muhammed Ibrahim Egal, became a minister in the new republic of Somalia.
		A highly practical and uncanny politician, Egal reconciled grievances among disparate groups, disarmed militias, and gradually oversaw the state take control of infrastructure such as airports and ports from militia groups.
		Egal's moderate governance, along with the counsel of the clan elders, probably saved Somaliland from following the route taken by its southern neighbor.
	www.world66.com /africa/somaliland/history (1232 words)

	Resolutions and Related Reports: Somalia, Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia
		Egal told my Representative, David Stephen, on 24 November 1997, that, given the peaceful environment established there, "Somaliland" should be given special status as an autonomous territory until such time as the leaders of "the South" were in a position to negotiate a mutually acceptable future.
		Egal proposed that "Somaliland" should assist the clans in the "South" in reaching peace and subsequently enter into negotiations on an appropriate formula for reuniting the country.
		Egal said that the neighbouring countries should be told in unmistakable terms to stop giving arms and ammunition to the warring factions in Somalia.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/rwb.nsf/AllDocsByUNID/913d0c98168a5f1a852567d10052e931 (8073 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| Somaliland leader warns against union
		The president of the self-declared state of Somaliland, Mohammed Ibrahim Egal, has warned that moves to unify Somalia could allow "the seeds of civil war to be sown in Somalia forever".
		Mr Egal, who was visiting Ethiopia to strengthen bilateral links, said the endorsement of the Djiboutian-led initiative would be the "biggest mistake Igad could possibly make".
		Mr Egal, accompanied by eight of his cabinet ministers, arrived in Addis Ababa on Wednesday for talks primarily aimed at strengthening economic links between the two sides.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/1021193.stm (537 words)

	Peace in Somalia goes unnoticed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		President Mohammed Ibrahim Egal says that lack has cost his 5-year-old state badly needed aid and trade, and he fears it could jeopardize the security and renascent prosperity of the region.
		The breakaway republic claims the northern leg of Somalia in the Horn of Africa, from the Djibouti border east along the Gulf of Aden for 350 miles.
		Egal, who was prime minister of Somalia before Barre imprisoned him in 1969, said Somaliland has been able to fend for itself because British rule left clan and cultural traditions intact.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/96/04/08/somalia.html (630 words)

	Resolutions and Related Reports: East Africa Drought, Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia ...
		Mohamed Ibrahim Egal of "Somaliland" declined to attend.
		Egal told my Representative that the Djibouti initiative would provide the "south" of Somalia with a leadership with which he could negotiate.
		Egal and seek his participation, but the delegation was not allowed to disembark at Hargeisa airport.
	www.reliefweb.int /w/rwb.nsf/480fa8736b88bbc3c12564f6004c8ad5/df573bcda30d8609c12569c8003beb3d?OpenDocument (6789 words)

	Somalia's Last Foreign Minister Warns Somaliland on Secession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The self-styled Somaliland government of President Mohammed Ibrahim Egal has yet to be recognized by any foreign power, but the secessionists are taking advantage of Somalia's continuing instability to press their claim to independence.
		Somaliland President Egal, for instance, was prime minister of Somalia from 1967 to 1969, and has also held the education and defense portfolios.
		The Egal government still faces two serious challenges, however: the economic weakness of Somaliland and the lack of formal international recognition.
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/0494/9404053.htm (1609 words)

	Somalia's Last Foreign Minister Warns Somaliland on Secession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The self-styled Somaliland government of President Mohammed Ibrahim Egal has yet to be recognized by any foreign power, but the secessionists are taking advantage of Somalia's continuing instability to press their claim to independence.
		Somaliland President Egal, for instance, was prime minister of Somalia from 1967 to 1969, and has also held the education and defense portfolios.
		The Egal government still faces two serious challenges, however: the economic weakness of Somaliland and the lack of formal international recognition.
	www.wrmea.com /backissues/0494/9404053.htm (1609 words)

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