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Topic: Ideologies of parties

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	Political party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In presidential systems, the President may be elected as a representative of his party; however, in many nations he is forced to relinquish his connections with his party upon the assumption of office as head of state.
		One right wing coalition party and one left wing coalition party is the most common ideological breakdown in such a system but in two-party states political parties are traditionally catch all parties which are ideologically broad and inclusive.
		The emblem of socialist parties is often a red rose held in a fist.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Political_party (1716 words)

	Ideologies of parties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is an overview of the ideologies of parties.
		In social studies, a political ideology is a certain ethical, set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explain how society should work, and offer some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order.
		A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate power and to what ends it should be used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ideologies_of_parties (287 words)

	Ideologies - dKosopedia
		Political ideologies, movements, parties, theorists and activists of the left have tended to assume that human nature is plastic to a greater or lesser degree, that it is a function of the society in which the individual human being is born and socialized.
		Political ideologies, movements parties, theorists and activits on the right have tended to assume that human nature is fixed to a greater or lesser degree, that it is independent of the society in which the individual human being is born and socialized.
		Political ideologies, movements, parties, theorists and activists of the left have tended to assume that greater equality is necessary to provide everyone in society with opportunities for self-actualization.
	www.dkosopedia.com /index.php/Ideologies (493 words)

	Political Parties in the Legislature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Party discipline is particularly important in parliamentary systems because deviation from the party line could bring down the government and result in the legislature being dissolved.
		Parties in presidential systems are sometimes less structured, and failure to vote with one’s party does not threaten to bring down the government (though it might damage or even ruin one's political career).
		The logic cited by the movement is that political parties in Uganda have historically contributed to regional, religious and ethnic cleavages and violence, and that the main opposition parties are internally undemocratic.
	magnet.undp.org /docs/parliaments/partysystem1.htm (2719 words)

	parties
		Possibly a more accurate equation, would be to state that both parties latch on to an issue if it has political ammunition to either advance their own support or damage the support of the other party.
		Where local party organisations exist, their membership is determined by local and not national issues.
		The ideologies that both parties claim to have is that which is articulated by the presidential candidate.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /parties.htm (866 words)

	Political Parties and Consolidation of Democracy
		In my opinion, a political party is a network organized and steered by politically ambitious people who share similar ideologies and try to enlist people interested in politics in order to extend their influence and strengthen their drive for public positions.
		One indicator of party's roots in society is the percentage of voters who trust parties, have a party preference, or identify with a party.
		Party labels and programs give citizens a way to understand who is who in politics without the need to read all the fine print, and this facilitates accountability.
	oycf.org /Perspectives/6_063000/political_parties_and_consolidat.htm (2715 words)

	Two-party system: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A party system is a concept in political science concerning the system of government in a state where political parties exist....
		A political party is a political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power within a government....
		Smaller parties often represent unconventional or 'alternative' (compared to the main parties) ideologies and formulate policy on the basis of this ideology.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/tw/two-party_system.htm (2115 words)

	Politics :: Web Articles ::
		Socialism is an ideology that advocates state control and ownership of economic activities to democratize the workplace.
		Liberalism is an ideology of international relations that focuses upon cooperation, the creative aspects of human nature, and the use of multilateral institutions.
		Realism is an ideology of international relations that focuses upon individual state action, the destructive aspects of human nature, the prevalence of war, and the need to balance power in order to maintain peace.
	www.webarticles.com /Society/Politics/Politics (1806 words)

	Centerfield: Ideology is good...
		My assessment is that these two parties DO stand for two different somethings (with variations at the level of state government), however, they don't REALLY trust the great mass of Americans with any of their core issues and instead push nice sounding pablum instead.
		There are other ideologies to be represented most of whom would never vote for one of the two parties, but desire a third party to give them a voice.
		"ideology" is another innocuous word that we should be able to use and understand only in the sense in which it is supposed to be understood.
	www.centristcoalition.com /blog/archives/003250.html (10542 words)

	ipedia.com: Two-party system Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Two-party systems naturally get installed when the voting system used for elections discriminates against third or smaller parties, because the number of votes received for a party in a whole country is not directly proportional to the number of seats it receives in the country's assembly/assemblies.
		The two parties that dominate thus have an incentive to keep the rules as they are, so as to prevent electoral losses to smaller parties.
		Smaller parties will be unrepresented, they will not receive a number of seats in the country's assembly that reflect the number of votes received for them (and therefore the amount of support for them).
	www.ipedia.com /two_party_system.html (1069 words)

	parties
		Each of these parties is generally similar to one of the "family of parties" generally discovered in Europe.
		A good way to make comparisons is to look at the distribution of ideologies and parties in various countries in Scandinavia, Europe, North America, and the world.
		All of the parties in Ruritania are allocated finacial resources to expend during the election campaign(s).
	homepages.udayton.edu /~aherndaw/rpartys.htm (187 words)

	Liberian Political Culture: The State, Civil Society, and Political Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A somewhat more expansive view of politics looks beyond leaders, governmental systems, and parties to consider the importance of civil society (the complex of relationships and organizations such as the media, lobby groups, business organizations, religious and civic assemblages, educational institutions, and interest groups) that seek to influence, but not actually run government.
		Public office, political parties, military systems, educational institutions, businesses, the media, and religious establishments will again be used as tools to promote and demonstrate hierarchy, order, patronage, deference, status, and intolerance.
		In Liberia, political culture has dictated that government, political parties, the military, schools, businesses, the media, and churches are shaped by values of order and hierarchy that bolster the system of patronage.
	www.copla.org /yoder.htm (4346 words)

	Political Ideologies, American Government - US News Classroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Within parties, there are people who hold a variety of opinions on social and economic issues that fall along the spectrum of political ideologies, such as moderate Democrats, liberal Democrats, conservative Republicans, and moderate Republicans.
		The early political party of Thomas Jefferson was called the Democratic-Republicans, and they were the liberals of their day.
		The Republican Party was formed to fight the spread of slavery during the 1850s, and their views were seen as quite liberal, if not radical, during the time of Abraham Lincoln.
	www.usnewsclassroom.com /resources/activities/act010604.html (1552 words)

	The Evolving Ideologies of the Parties - Gerald Pomper
		The Evolving Ideologies of the Parties - Gerald Pomper
		This demonstrates the parties' readiness to change their ideology to fit new social and electoral demands.
		The party was born in opposition to slavery, led the Civil War, and devised Reconstruction on behalf of fls.
	www.worldandi.com /specialreport/1988/november/Sa14718.htm (216 words)

	Amazon.ca: Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996 is a synthetic history and analysis of the ideologies of the major American parties from the early nineteenth century to the present.
		By far the most interesting reversal of views is the attitude of the parties concerning the state and by extension the national government.
		The claims of the pro-business party to be representing small businessmen in an era of massive corporate consolidations would seem to be of dubious validity.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0521785901 (611 words)

	Department of Education & Social Science - University of Central Lancashire - PO3133 - Ideologies, Political ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Be able to identify the affinities and differences between parties of the same familles spirituelles.
		Have the ability to make critically informed judgements on the relationship between ideology, political parties and party systems.
		Ideologies, mass democratization and the emergence of political parties
	www.uclan.ac.uk /facs/class/edustud/modules/po3133.htm (436 words)

	List of political parties - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This is a list of political parties around the world.
		A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections.
		Election results for the parties can be found at List of election results or among the external links at the end of the article.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/list_of_political_parties (522 words)

	TakingITGlobal - Panorama - Political Parties in the Arab
		The ideologies of nowadays parties were in the phase of an embryo during the colonial era.
		Later on, the parties calling for an Arab nation state, such as the Nasserite Party of Egypt, and the Ba’th Party of Syria and Iraq, found in the idea of nationalism brought from Europe, the only effective means towards their independence.
		Summing up, one can say that the political parties in the Arab world could be categorized by their points of view regarding two main issues: The interpretation of the word “nation,” and the stance towards the role of religion in state affairs.
	www.takingitglobal.org /express/panorama/article.html?ContentID=4993 (542 words)

	Mark Melara's Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Due to the absence of a socialist party in the history of American politics, with the exception of Eugene Debs, the concept of ideology has been hard to grasp.
		Tocqueville argues, "The parties by which the Union is menaced do not rest on principles, but upon material interests." American politics, as I said earlier, have been known to be interest driven, yet Gerring supports that self-interests can be converted into ideologies.
		Gerring states, "the party was enamored of free trade, free markets, laissez-faire, industrial development, philosophical individualism, and the task of protecting civil liberties and civil rights." (161) To combat the Nationalist Republicans of the era, these Democrats were highly supportive of antistatism.
	web.syr.edu /~mamelara/gerring.html (1519 words)

	Hans Noel, Political Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A lot of students get frustrated when there is no candidate or party that perfectly represents them, but when they see parties in the context of the political process, they should understand that the system needs parties to work.
		They can see that voting for a party is not about expressing their opinion, but about helping make choices in those institutions.
		The center of the course was an exercise in which students build party coalitions by communicating with each other outside class using the discussion board and e-mail.
	www.college.ucla.edu /edtech/interviews/noel.htm (995 words)

	Referendum Getup @ LaunchBase.net (Launch Base) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A referendum can be called in order to abrogate totally or partially a law, but only at the request of 500,000 electors or five regional councils.
		In cantons and municipalities, the required number of people is smaller, and there may be additional causes for a faculatative referendum, e.g., expenditures that exceed a certain amount of money.
		The facultative referendum is the most usual type of referendum, and it is mostly carried out by political parties or by interest groups.
	www.launchbase.net /encyclopedia/Referendum (2759 words)

	VishalMagic - Ideologies
		The BJP, the single largest party and biggest constituent of the victorious National Democratic Alliance (NDA), which has now won over 302 seats out of the 538 which have gone to the polls already, gets the first chance to to have their ideology aired.
		But there is also no doubt that it leaves the person or his party free to use the appeals of caste, religion, language etc. up to the day elections are notified, and then rely on the associations which he has already formed in the minds of the voters to deliver the votes.
		It is the image of the BJP as a party rooted in the traditions of Bharat, its principled stand on national and international affairs and a firm refusal to compromise with any humiliation to the nation that has made it so popular with large sections of nonresident Indians.
	members.tripod.com /~vishalmagic/ideologies.htm (8436 words)

	Political Science 3531 Political Parties WINTER 2003
		Duverger, Maurice, "Caucus and Branch, Cadre Parties, and Mass Parties" in Mair, ed., ch.
		Does the number of parties reflect the electoral law, and particularly the use of proportional representation, or does the use of proportional representation reflect the number of parties?
		Dalton, "The Decline of Party Identifications" in Dalton and Wattenberg, ch.
	www.ucs.mun.ca /~swolin/posc3531/3531readings.htm (900 words)

	Learner Resource – Life Before Electricity
		The political life of this nation runs on the attitudes and sense of identification that its citizens develop with parties and ideologies.
		Of the two major political parties, for example, Democrats are generally seen as liberal because they support government regulation of the economy.
		Finish with a discussion about how positions are taken based on political ideologies and help the students develop and understanding on what they use to base their political positions.
	www.livinghistoryfarm.org /farminginthe30s/lrSocStud02.html (1106 words)

	Nigeria.com Discussion Forums - INEC Registers 22 New Parties
		The nation’s political horizon widened yesterday with the registration of 22 additional parties to bring the number of political parties to slug it out in next year’s crucial elections to 28.
		He stated that the Forum deliberates on key issues involving electoral matters, and serves as a focal point for enhancing the levels of trust and confidence among and between parties, as well as the parties and the commission.
		I mean, if parties are platforms for the espousal of a common ideology for the people, how can we have 22 parties.
	www.nigeria.com /dcforum/DCForumID1/1574.html (1100 words)

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