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Topic: Idiosyncratic usage

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	Supercluster (genetic) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most usage of supercluster in population genetics research articles applies to proposed large groups of human mtDNA haplotype lineages, found by cluster analysis, that are thought to stem from a single distant most recent common ancestor, on a time scale of tens of thousands of years.
		Usage of supercluster for geographically defined human populations instead of mtDNA strains is rarely seen.
		Usage of supercluster for populations as well as haplotypes makes the term ambiguous and may require clarification when the word is used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supercluster_(genetic) (373 words)

	[No title]
		Idiosyncratic Reactions: On very rare occasions, the first dose of carisoprodol has been followed by idiosyncratic symptoms appearing within minutes or hours.
		Therefore, use of this drug in pregnancy, in nursing mothers, or in women of childbearing potential requires that the potential benefits of the drug be weighed against the potential hazards of the mother and child.
		Carisoprodol is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidney; to avoid its excess accumulation, caution should be exercised in administration to patients with compromised liver or kidney function.
	www.best-meds.com /druginfo/soma_warnings.htm (273 words)

	Mosby's Drug Consult Top 200
		Acute intermittent porphyria as well as allergic or idiosyncratic reactions to carisoprodol or related compounds, such as meprobamate, mebutamate, or tybamate.
		In case of allergic or idiosyncratic reactions to carisoprodol, discontinue the drug and initiate appropriate symptomatic therapy, which may include epinephrine, antihistamines, and in severe cases corticosteroids.
		Usage in patients under age 12 is not recommended.
	www.mosbysdrugconsult.com /DrugConsult/Top_200/Drugs/e0664.html (902 words)

	Amazon.com: The New Fowler's Modern English Usage: Books: R. W. Burchfield,Henry Watson Fowler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Instead of writing for a general educated public that would like some guidance in matters of usage, he is instead addressing scholars, linguists and others whose interest in such matters is professional and not practical.
		The problem with this approach is that in a usage book the entire point is to make distinctions between what is acceptable and what is not, between what is effective and what is not.
		Nonetheless, 80 years is a long time to retain the word "modern" in the title of a book, and clearly the examples from newspapers of the first quarter of the 20th century have lost most of their currency, and even the examples from the literature of Fowler's period have aged as well.
	www.amazon.com /New-Fowlers-Modern-English-Usage/dp/0198691262 (2655 words)

	Idiosyncrasy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Idiosyncratic symbols are symbols that may mean one thing for a particular person, as a blade could mean war, but to someone else, it could symbolize a knighting.
		Idiosyncratic stresses here the fact that other individuals would react differently, or not at all, and that the reaction is an individual one based on a specific condition of the one who suffers it.
		Most commonly, this is caused by an enzymopathy, congenital or acquired, so that the triggering substance cannot be processed properly in the organism and causes symptoms by accumulating or blocking other substances to be processed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Idiosyncrasy (319 words)

	Language Log: How innovative is that!
		More subtle are turns of phrase that are not specifically related to baseball but may have first been popularized among ballplayers before spreading to wider usage.
		Nowadays this usage of "How is that!" to mean "That's very " is quite widespread in American English.
		Even though the two earliest cites I've found so far are quotes from ballplayers, that doesn't mean the innovation originated in baseball usage, of course.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/002989.html (641 words)

	Learn more about Linguistics in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		People aside from professional linguists also seem to have different feelings of the importance of the historical portion of linguistic analysis.
		Fans of the Oxford English Dictionary tend to view outdated and aging language as more important in understanding a word's meaning than fans of Webster's Dictionary.
		What to one group is "incorrect usage" is, to the other group, "idiosyncratic usage", or perhaps simply the usage of a particular (and usually less powerful) subgroup.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/linguistics_1.html (1341 words)

	ICSI \| Projects: Speech
		This project is concerned with the discovery of highly speaker-characteristic behaviors ("speaker performaces") for use in speaker recognition and related speech technologies.
		The intention is to move beyond the usual low-level short-term spectral features which dominate speaker recognition systems today, instead focusing on higher-level sources of speaker information, including idiosyncratic word usage and pronunciation, prosodic patterns, and vocal gestures.
		The project goal is two-fold: to conduct fundamental research to discover new speaker-distinctive features and encode them into richer, more informative speaker models; and to evaluate the utility of these feature sets and models for speaker recognition and other speech technology applications.
	www.icsi.berkeley.edu /projects/speech_p.html (927 words)

	Product Label
		BLENOXANE (bleomycin sulfate for injection, USP) is a mixture of cytotoxic glycopeptide antibiotics isolated from a strain of Streptomyces verticillus.
		A severe idiosyncratic reaction (similar to anaphylaxis) consisting of hypotension, mental confusion, fever, chills, and wheezing has been reported in approximately 1% of lymphoma patients treated with BLENOXANE.
		Idiosyncratic REACTIONS In approximately 1% of the lymphoma patients treated with BLENOXANE (bleomycin sulfate for injection, USP), an idiosyncratic reaction, similar to anaphylaxis clinically, has been reported.
	www.accessdata.fda.gov /scripts/cder/onctools/labels.cfm?GN=bleomycin (2697 words)

	Indeed Thy Words Are Dark
		Fox here conflates two quite different usages in which a language may be called "original": the original language of the human race spoken before Babel, and the original language of a particular document, e.g.
		The latter usage appears, for instance, on the title page of the King James Version, which is described as "translated out of the original tongues." For Fox this description is completely inappropriate, because it gives to natural languages such as Hebrew and Greek a title which rightly belongs only to Christ.
		Given that Bunyan's usage is, in most of the cases examined, closer to standard educated English than that of Burrough or Fox, it may reasonably be asked whether this means that Bunyan's earthly education was more advanced than he chooses to advertise.
	www.qhpress.org /texts/bvb/lkbbda3.html (7765 words)

	Kemp, User-Friendly Fallacy
		It will be relegated to the "catch-up" curriculum, or paraded in showcase research labs which produce data and case studies but do little of what the computer should be best at, providing powerful, self-paced writing instruction across the educational spectrum and at every ability level.
		The "facts" of grammar and usage which the programs identify are dependent upon the "facts" which have been loaded into them.
		Rules of usage are applied with a rigidity tar surpassing the worst "Mrs.
	english.ttu.edu /acw/fred/docs/user.friendly.html (2701 words)

	The Misuse of Language: "Selfishness" and "Altruism"
		One feature of Rand’s rhetoric in ethics, but not only there, is her idiosyncratic usage of terms – especially ‘selfishness’ and ‘altruism’.
		Her equation of selfishness and self-interest neither makes any distinction nor marks any commonality not provided for in ordinary uses; instead, it elides an important and relevant distinction already embodied in the ordinary usage.
		Her treatment of ‘altruism’ is no better: It does not succeed even in so much as blurring a distinction made in ordinary usage.
	personal.bgsu.edu /~roberth/misuse.html (1408 words)

	Considering Gestalt Therapy Reconsidered
		Wheeler uses the term ground in an idiosyncratic way, without ever clearly saying what it is or stating how it is constructed or defined.
		Wheeler's discussion of "resistance" is a morass of terminological confusion and idiosyncratic usage.
		His usage has a logic of sorts, and a simplicity to it, but flies in the face of common usage and technically does not treat the existent Gestalt therapy theory with respect and accuracy.
	www.gestalt.org /gary.htm (6373 words)

	Mormon Philosophy & Theology
		From the passage you quote and the argument you describe, Taylor seems to be arguing that the linguistic community is determining the background norms of usage against which a particular idiosyncratic usage gets the meaning it has.
		So, I take semantic authority to be much like the authority of informed common sense: it's not full-blown expertise, but neither is it the bottom of the barrel; it's what people know who (more or less) know what they're doing and what they're talking about.
		I think Mark and I differ with regard to the relative priority of common usage and the principle of charity.
	www.libertypages.com /clark/10526.html (2403 words)

	[No title]
		Scholars are sometimes inconsistent in their own usage, or they simply fail to grasp the definitions employed by other researchers.
		Consequently any one idiosyncratic usage of an essentially contestable concept would be as valid as any alternative idiosyncratic usage. In our view, this concern with relativism is reasonable if concept analysis has the prescriptive goal of establishing unambiguous meanings.
		Freeden argues that it is irrelevant to essential contestedness, because analysts often employ concepts in a way that may simply differ from another usage, without framing their usage vis-à-vis an alternative meaning. Proponents of a particular conceptualization may not explicitly acknowledge contending variants of the concept, thus violating this criterion.
	www.polisci.berkeley.edu /courses/coursepages/Fall2006/ps239/articles/Gallie-JPI-Text4.doc (10599 words)

	Thoughts, facts, opinions (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Well - English is hard to learn, hard to pronounce, has a voluminous dictionary of words borrowed from all over and is full of idiosyncratic usage.
		Words appearing as synonyms cannot be substituted one for another - they function correctly only in their environment designed by the intractable minds of native speakers.
		Programming for that system is also full of inconsistencies and idiosyncrasies and forces one to guess around badly formulated paradigms that fail to express what the system does.
	venedi.blogspot.com.cob-web.org:8888 (3179 words)

	The Church-Turing Thesis (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		The word ‘mechanical’, too, in technical usage, is tied to effectiveness and, as already remarked, ‘mechanical’ and ‘effective’ are used interchangeably.
		This usage of ‘mechanical’ tends to obscure the possibility that there may be machines, or biological organs, that calculate (or compute, in a broad sense) functions that are not Turing-machine-computable.
		Thus when, a few pages later, he asserts that "machine processes and rule of thumb processes are synonymous" (1947: 112), he is to be understood as advancing the Church-Turing thesis (and its converse), not a version of thesis M. Unless his intended usage is borne in mind, misunderstanding is certain to ensue.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/church-turing (4919 words)

	Linguistics
		People may disagree, for example, on how important historical usage and etymology are for "truly understanding" a word.
		The two groups may describe the same phenomenon in different language.
		People engaged in descriptive and prescriptive efforts often have serious disagreements about how and why language should be studied.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/Linguist.html (1159 words)

	c is for colossus
		The dictionary supports this usage by implication, and I just saw METE used without OUT or PUNISHMENT in a sports article (to "mete suspensions," meaning the same as "to mete out suspensions"), so I'm leaning toward removing it from the list.
		Arthur pointed out that my example of how not to use "bestride" was confusing, regardless of whether the word is a petrel; since it means "to stand across," you couldn't "bestride through the clouds" even if the "colossus" part weren't an issue.
		Arthur also noted that one of the most interesting things about petrels is that most of them are sort of linguistic fossils, words that once were in common usage but now have fallen out of favor except in one particular context.
	www.kith.org /logos/words/lower/c.comments.html (864 words)

	E-sangha, Buddhist Forum and Buddhism Forum -> Pali Term: Citta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		I think philosophically one should definetly say that the citta is 'inside the khandas', but I suspect that the Dhammayut Kruba Ajahn's idiosyncratic uses of 'citta' mean some kind of special citta, either the arahant-fruition attainment citta or maybe the citta that is imbued with pannya and is experientially as if 'outside' the khandas.
		The problem comes when these different usages are confused and people try to make a metaphysical doctrine out of it (cf.
		'citta' comes from root: 'cint' as in 'cinteti' - he thinks; 'mano' from 'man', also meaning 'think' as in 'ma~n~neti', and 'vi~n~naa.na', although it usually means 'cognition' in sutta usage, in the vedas and upani.sads, and occasionally in the suttas, it means to comprehend a theory intellectually (vijaanati).
	www.lioncity.net /buddhism/index.php?showtopic=18449 (4516 words)

	The Hindu : Literary Review / Columns : When language becomes informal
		It was written on a whim, as an off-the-cuff reaction to a linguistic oddity that I came across often in North America.
		Judging from the way that particular column tickled the fancy of readers, the same idiosyncratic usage is apparently common in very many languages.
		The typical response, as Harshita Yalamarty wrote, was that the readers were delighted to have a name for an expression they all used.
	www.hindu.com /lr/2006/06/04/stories/2006060400320600.htm (765 words)

	Google Test
		Note that there are cases where this googletest can be overruled, such as when an international standard has been set, as in the case of aluminium.
		Especially when trying to determine the frequency of use of diacritic vs. non-diacritic versions of a word, the internet (and therefore Google) is extremely biased towards the non-diacritic versions.
		This is often more an example of laziness and cluelessness of those who created the webpages than a real test of usage.
	www.business.teleactivities.org /google/Google_test.html (2322 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Also note that in order to speak of "mental states" proper, we would denote, as common usage would dictate, that such states are marked by consciousness.
		equivocating on usage of "sentient" to bootleg a false conclusion.
		Again, we have either an equivocation of usage to bootleg false conclusion, or we simply have a re-defninition of our ordinary meanings to something idiosyncratic and morally irrelevant.
	www.textfiles.com /fun/plantpai.txt (5176 words)

	Categorical Misfit Statistics
		Indeed, if category 2 is off-dimension or used idiosyncratically, then it is not measuring the desired dimension and all observations in category 2 could be treated as missing.
		From the perspective of measuring "Liking for Science", these idiosyncratic ratings are off-dimension and so perturb the measuring system.
		The INFIT mean-squares, which are more sensitive to idiosyncratic usage of adjacent categories, are within their typical range.
	www.rasch.org /rmt/rmt93j.htm (930 words)

	Rodrik Wade, MA Thesis, Ch 3: Methods of data collection and analysis
		I approached it with few expectations of what I would find although I was guided to some extent by the literature on African Englishes (Platt, Weber and Ho 1984; Schmied 1991; Bamgbose 1992 and Bokamba 1992) and Buthelezi's (1989: 52-56) list of approximately eight features of BSAE (see section 4.3.
		In order to establish the systematicity of a feature one needs to show that i) it is used frequently and in a regular fashion and ii) speakers know how to use it, where and to whom.
		Obviously categorisation of a non-standard usage as either systematic or idiosyncratic was not a once off decision since an initial dismissal of a feature as idiosyncratic might need to be reassessed in the light of analysis of subsequent data.
	www.und.ac.za /und/ling/archive/wade_ch3.html (6801 words)

	GreenBooks.TheOneRing.net™ \| Note on the Text by Douglas A. Anderson
		The first volume, The Fellowship of the Ring, was published in Great Britain by the London firm George Allen and Unwin on 29 July 1954; an American edition followed on 21 October of the same year, published by Houghton Mifflin Company of Boston.
		The revisions themselves mostly include corrections of nomenclature and attempts at consistency of usage throughout the three volumes.
		His third son and literary executor, Christopher Tolkien, sent a large number of further corrections of misprints, mainly in the appendices and index, to Allen and Unwin for use in their editions in 1974.
	greenbooks.theonering.net /turgon/noteontext.html (1919 words)

	Cult, Rite, and the Tragic: Appropriating Nietzsche's Dionysian with Florenskii's Titanic - Joseph E. Steineger IV - ...
		The assumption is that humans seemingly determine the content of truth, goodness, and beauty in a way akin to their apodictic experience of taste (see Hume's "On the Standard of Taste," Essays: Moral, Political, and Literary (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1987), 242, for just such an example of taste as a criterion for meta-philosophical reflection).
		Such an idiosyncratic usage entails that Nietzsche's emphasis on the autonomy of subjective truth ("of inner willing") is nothing more than a co-opted form of the first principle of faith that founds human religious existence.
		Hence, my use of 'perdurance' is idiosyncratic to say the least; on the one hand is confirms the attempt at delineating the complexities of a persisting self within time-on the other hand, it does not recognize the obsolete nature of its ontological framework.
	www.theandros.com /cultrite.html (6768 words)

	Studies in Contemporary Islam
		Regional building traditions outside Madinah had a direct influence on the early development and aesthetic relationship between what was perceived by convention to be modeled after the Madinah prototype.
		The Madinah prototype was conveniently modified to accept idiosyncratic aesthetic themes found in later regional models.
		Rational sciences were engaged as means of expressing the idiosyncratic aesthetic themes and a holistic architectural expression, in view of
	members.tripod.com /american_mosques/his_studies.htm (4982 words)

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