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	Ifriqiya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In medieval history, Ifriqiya or Ifriqiyah (Arabic: إفريقية) was the area comprising the coastal regions of what are today western Libya, Tunisia, and eastern Algeria.
		Ifriqiya was bounded on the south by the semi-arid areas and salt marshes called el-Djerid.
		At various times, the rulers of this area also conquered Sicily and parts of mainland Italy, and the western boundary was in continual flux but usually went as far as Bejaia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ifriqiya (149 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Zirid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Zirids were a Berber dynasty, originating in Petite Kabylie among the Kutama tribe, that ruled Ifriqiya (roughly, modern Tunisia), initially on behalf of the Fatimids, for about two centuries, until weakened by the Banu Hilal and finally destroyed by the Almohads.
		When the Fatimids moved their base to Egypt in 972, Ziri's son Buluggin ibn Ziri (971-984) was appointed viceroy of Ifriqiya.
		The relationship with the Fatimid overlords was variable - in 1016 thousands of Shiites lost their lives in rebellions in Ifriqiya, and the Fatimids encouraged the defection of Tripolitania from the Zirids, but nevertheless the relationship remained close.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Zirid (428 words)

	Ifriqiya - TheBestLinks.com - Ifriqiyah, Algeria, Africa, Arabic language, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Ifriqiya - TheBestLinks.com - Ifriqiyah, Algeria, Africa, Arabic language,...
		Ifriqiyah, Ifriqiya, Algeria, Africa, Arabic language, Italy, Sicily, Tunisia...
		Ifriqiya or Ifriqiyah (Arabic إفريقية;) refers in medieval history to an area consisting of most of Tunisia and eastern Algeria, roughly equivalent to the Roman province of Africa; it was bounded on the south by the semidesert areas and salt marshes called el-Djerid.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Ifriqiyah.html (180 words)

	Fez: History and Articraft
		A little later in the town of Al-' Aliya, where dominated a very diversified Arab population in tribal origin, the town elite made up of noblemen was reinforced by the arrival of three hundred kairouanese families and many Jews who soon started trade with all of North Africa.
		In the 10th century, the political fight of influence between Umayyades of Spain and Fatimides of Ifriqiya in the North of Morocco is favourable to artistic orders.
		The invaluable pulpit of the Andalusians’ mosque (end of the 10th century) whose techniques and decorative processes survived in many later works, testifies to the control of the sculptors, painters and wood turners (2).
	www.southbazar.com /english/ev-infos/countries/ev-fes.htm (1002 words)

	meet2
		909-1159: Fatimid (in Cairo; in Ifriqiya, 909-969)and Zirides dynasties.
		PS44-5: Ifriqiya was administered by governors appointed by the Omayyads in Damascus, and afterwards by the caliphs Abassids in Baghdad.
		In 1230, the governor of Ifriqiya (Tunisia) proclaimed himself amir, founded the Hafsid dynasty and renamed the country Tunisia after the new capital Tunis; the Jews who had been forced to convert were permitted to return to Judaism and live under relatively normal conditions.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~shaked/Tunisia/meet2.html (10649 words)

	The Institute of Ismaili Studies - The Ismaili Da'wa Outside the Fatimid dawla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The success of the early Ismaili da’wa was crowned in 297/909 by the establishment of the Fatimid state or dawla in North Africa, in Ifriqiya (today’s Tunisia and eastern Algeria).
		As one of the first acts of the new regime, the jurists of Ifriqiya were instructed to give their legal opinions in accordance with the Shi’i principles of jurisprudence.
		Ziri, the amir of the loyal Sanhaja Berbers, as governor of Ifriqiya.
	www.iis.ac.uk /research/academic_papers/Ismaili_dawa1/ismaili_dawa1.htm (9190 words)

	Wikinfo \| Rise of Islam in Algeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Governors appointed by the Umayyad caliphs ruled from Al Qayrawan, the new wilaya (province) of Ifriqiya, which covered Tripolitania (the western part of present-day Libya), Tunisia, and eastern Algeria.
		In 750 the Abbasids, who succeeded the Umayyads as Muslim rulers, moved the caliphate to Baghdad and reestablished caliphal authority in Ifriqiya, appointing Ibrahim ibn Al Aghlab as governor in Al Qayrawan.
		From its capital at Tunis, the Hafsid Dynasty made good its claim to be the legitimate successor of the Almohads in Ifriqiya, while, in the central Maghrib, the Zayanids founded a dynasty at Tlemcen.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Rise_of_Islam_in_Algeria (3726 words)

	Islam and Africa \|\| Imam Reza (A.S.) Network
		To Al-Bakri, the boundries of Ifriqiya were Barga on the East and Tangier on the West, which means that in addition to the Africa proper of the Romans, it included Tripolitania, Numidia and Mauritania.
		Al-Masudi holds another view that the name Ifriqiya is given after the name of Ifrigos bin Abraha bin al-Raish who built the town of Ifriqiya in the Berber country [4].
		Leo Africanus suggests that Ifriqiya comes from the Arabic word Farawa which means 'to divide' since the Mediterranean divides Africa from Europe while the Nile separates it from Asia.
	www.imamreza.net /eng/imamreza.php?id=2032 (2866 words)

	Locus Online: Jon Courtenay Grimwood excerpt
		His duty was to defend his father, His Highness Moncef al-Mansur, better known as the Emir of Tunis and ruler of Ifriqiya (father of his people, loved by all).
		On a sidewall of the tent hung the sword his greatgrandfather took from a dying colonel after a skirmish outside Neffatia, the year the French were driven from Tunisia, as Ifriqiya was then called.
		The boy was lunging for this when Emir Moncef stepped forward, grabbed Murad by the shoulder and threw him towards the entrance with more force than the old man knew he possessed.
	www.locusmag.com /2006/Features/CourtenayGrimwood_Excerpt.html (1280 words)

	MIT OpenCourseWare \| Architecture \| 4.615 The Architecture of Cairo, Spring 2002 \| Related Resources \| Glossary of Terms
		It is usually put in the center of the mosque's courtyard for the worshipers to perform their ritual washing before prayer.
		A dynasty that ruled Ifriqiya and Sicily between 800 and 909.
		Probably a development borrowed from residential architecture, this type has a qa'a plan (the most common hall type in Egypt), which normally has two iwans facing each other on the main axis, with wall recesses on the two remaining sides, while the central space is covered with a wooden cupola.
	www.core.org.cn /OcwWeb/Architecture/4-615Spring2002/RelatedResources/detail/glossary.htm (3277 words)

	Middle East - Tunisia - Sbeitla
		Some rare inscriptions discovered in recent years suggest that the city was the subject of classic administrative development in the Roman Province of Ifriqiya.
		The expansion of the olive oil industry [the climate was perfect for the production of olives, the staple diet of Rome's legions] ensured the prosperity of the town from the second century B.C., and provided the finance for the construction of a splendid forum.
		The former inhabitants of Ifriqiya, great lovers of the games in the arena, reinforced the building with stone - some of which bears inscriptions - taken from the forum.
	www.middleeast.com /sbeitla.htm (1093 words)

	Historical Events: Glossary
		Arab dynasty in North Africa (Ifriqiya) whose governors were semi-independent of Baghdad.
		Ismaili Shiite dynasty of independent sovereigns who seized power in Ifriqiya in 909 AD, and later in Egypt in 969 AD where they reigned until 1171.
		The geographical limits of the area known as Ifriqiya are somewhat blurred, but originally the term applied to the territory between Tangier and Tripoli.
	ismaili.net /mirrors/74_glossary/glossary.htm (1807 words)

	Rise of Islam in Algeria: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 750 the Abbasids, who succeeded the Umayyads as Muslim rulers, moved the caliphate to Baghdad and reestablished caliphal authority in Ifriqiya, appointing Ibrahim ibn al Aghlab as governor in Al Qayrawan (Al Qayrawan: kairouan (arabic: al-qayrawn) is a city in tunisia, about 160 km south of tunis....
		In 972 (972: more facts about this subject) the Fatimid ruler Al Muizz established the new city of Cairo (Cairo: The capital of Egypt and the largest city in Africa; a major port just south of the Nile delta; formerly the home of the Pharaohs) as his capital.
		From its capital at Tunis (Tunis: The capital and principal port of Tunisia), the Hafsid (Hafsid: more facts about this subject) dynasty made good its claim to be the legitimate successor of the Almohads in Ifriqiya (Ifriqiya: in medieval history, ifriqiya or ifriqiyah (arabic:)...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/rise_of_islam_in_algeria (4500 words)

	Pictures of Kairouan, Tunisia, by Sophie Roquefort
		A Kairouan grew in size and beauty and no where was this more evident than in the construction and continuing elaboration of its Great Mosque.
		From the 11th century onward, however, Kairouan ceased to be the capital of Arab Ifriqiya and started shrinking in size.
		And yet, as a holy city, Kairouan grew in importance with the passing centuries and its splendid mosque became a magnet for pilgrims from Muslim territories throughout Northern and Saharan Africa.
	www.sophieroquefort.com /html/Tunisia/Kairouan/Kairouan.htm (228 words)

	The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids.
		In fact, the da i al-Shi i managed to organize the converted Berbers into a formidable fighting force, who readily overran Ifriqiya (modern-day Tunisia), preparing the ground for the establishment of Fatimid Ismaill rule in that remote part of the Islamic world.
		The book under review, written originally in German by one of the foremost contemporary authorities in the field,(1) is the fullest scholarly treatment of the religio-political history of the Ismailis during the late pre-Fatimid and early Fatimid periods, until the transference of the seat of the Fatimid state from Ifriqiya to Egypt in 362/973.
		Halm then traces al-Mahdi's fateful journey from Salamiyya to Sijilmasa and Qayrawan in Ifriqiya where his caliphate was eventually proclaimed.
	www.ismaili.net /Source/fd0328e.html (1478 words)

	The History of the Shadhiliyya Path
		Later, on the advice of ‘Abd as-Salam, he left Morocco to go into retreat in a cave near a village of Ifriqiya called Shadhila.
		In Ifriqiya, he periodically went out on preaching and teaching tours, thereby incurring the hostility of the Tunisian ‘ulama.
		So bitter did the persecution become that, in spite of the support of the sultan, Abu Zakariyya al-Hafsi, he was driven to take refuge in Egypt where he spent most of his years and won great renown.
	www.suficenter.org /Tariqa/history.html (657 words)

	Books, Travel, Africa, Tunisia Products (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Ifriqiya: Tredici Secoli D'Arte E _ D'Architettura in Tunisia [Itinerario Mostra Series]
		"Ifriqiya: Tredici Secoli D'Arte E _ D'Architettura in Tunisia" is available for just $27.00 from our shop.
		"Ifriqiya: Tredici Secoli D'Arte E _ D'Architettura in Tunisia is very pretty, it is worth all the money Elemond Electa wants for this product.
	books.lowcost.us.com /list_16763_8/Books_Travel_Africa_Tunisia.php (809 words)

	More Accusations Against Uthman
		For example, they accused him of making a gift of one-fifth of the spoils gained in the war that liberated today’s Tunisia, which was known as Ifriqiya, to Marwan.
		Ibn Al-Arabi has the following to say about this: “As for gifting one-fifth of the spoils of Ifriqiya to one person, it is not true.
		However, Imam Malik and other scholars are of the view that the ruler has complete discretion on how to divide the share of one-fifth, and to act on his discretion.
	www.arabnews.com /?page=5§ion=0&article=33894&d=25&m=10&y=2003&pix=islam.jpg&category=Islam (1096 words)

	RCAJA Jewish Queen of the Aures
		(At that time, the late 7th century, only the Mediterranean littoral was known as Africa (Ifriqiya), a fact that those who speak of Africa and North Africa blithely ignore.
		His successor general Hassan bin Numan was forced to retreat before Dahya's defensive onslaught.
		Al-Kahina's combined forces of Jews, Imazighen, Byzantines and Copts expelled the Arab armies from African soil west of the Mashreq.
	www.fortunecity.com /millenium/zebedee/67/kahina.htm (524 words)

	Amazon.ca: Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Amazon.ca: Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia: Books
		Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/1874044449 (122 words)

	Alkebulan - the real name of Africa (?) - Page 2 - Black People
		A historical tradition ascribed to be Leo Africanus has it that a Yemeni chief named Africus invaded North Africa in the second millennium, and founded a town called “Afrikyah.” But it is more likely that the Arabic word “Ifriqiya” is the Arabic transliteration of the word “Africa.” It means, "Queen of Heaven."
		I too have heard that the real name for Africa was Alkebulan.
		Its nice to see people are sharing knowledge of the motherland so generously.
	www.destee.com /forums/showthread.php?p=282901 (975 words)

	Tombouktou's Azawakh: Puppies and Litters
		There are plans for two litters with two of my females, Malian import TAYTOK and TAKTUTE´al IFRIQIYA in spring/early summer 2006.
		In combinaton with Taytok, Okalan´s gransire, the Malian import AMANAR, will enrich the pedigree of this litter with 62,5 % of new African genes.
		LITTER II (Kusaylah al Ifriqiya x Iman al Ifriqiya) will be bred to CH.
	www.tombouktous-azawakhs.de /epn.html (366 words)

	Three Bits o Trivia: Ifriqiya, Greenland and Gunpowder
		Three Bits o Trivia: Ifriqiya, Greenland and Gunpowder
		The Accidental Sea, Reds and Grays, and Phone Firsts
		"Ifriqiya" was the name by which Muslims once referred to Tunisia.
	lexicon.typepad.com /triviums/2005/04/ifriqiya_xxx_an.html (119 words)

	Ifriqiya Travel agency in Tunisia with more than 30 years of
		Ifriqiya Travel agency in Tunisia with more than 30 years of
		Ifriqiya Travel agency in Tunisia with more than 30 years of experience in tourism
		Report It Incentive Maroc Organisation de séminaires incentive au maroc
	www.arab.de /arab/Tourism_Travel/Travel_Agencies/more4.html (263 words)

	American Azawakh Association Specialty Shows
		Xanadu Farms Tella (Kaisoun Al Ifriqiya X Tafzint Al Ifriqiya) FCI Pending, DOB:
		Imood Al-Ifriqiya (Kusaylah Al Ifriqiya X Iman Al Ifriqiya) FCI# H3 008, DOB:
		Exotic type, nice clean head, pretty dark eye.
	www.azawakhs.org /aaaspecialty.htm (890 words)

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