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Topic: Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov

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	Igor Kurchatov Summary
		Igor Kurchatov and his apprentice Georgy Flyorov discovered the basic ideas of the uranium chain reaction and the nuclear reactor concept in the 1930's.
		In 1942 Kurchatov declared: "At breaking up of kernels in a kilogram of uranium, the energy released must be equal to the explosion of 20,000 tons of trotyl." This announcement was practically verified during the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
		Kurchatov later remarked that his main feeling at the time was one of relief, as he was confident that had the weapon failed, Stalin would have had him shot.
	www.bookrags.com /Igor_Kurchatov (668 words)

	Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov. Who is Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov? What is Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov? Where is Igor ...
		Igor Kurchatov (И́горь Васи́льевич Курча́тов, born January 8, 1903 in Chelyabinsk, died February 7, 1960 in Moscow) was the leader of the Soviet Atomic bomb program.
		On August 29th 1949 the team detonated its initial test device (a plutonium implosion bomb) at Semipalatinsk; Kurchatov later remarked that his main feeling at the time was one of relief, as he was confident that had the weapon failed, Stalin would have had him shot.
		Kurchatov subsequently worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb program (1953), but later worked for the peaceful use of nuclear technology, and advocated against nuclear bomb tests.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Igor_Vasilevich_Kurchatov (421 words)

	93kruglyakov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Igor Kurchatov, for example, had a large department of biology in his institute [working on the atomic bomb project].”
		He said that one day Beria [the secret police chief] suggested to Kurchatov that idealistic physics, such as quantum mechanics and theory of relativity, should perhaps be purged.
		Igor Vasilevich immediately replied that the atomic bomb design is based on these two theories.
	blake.montclair.edu /~kowalskil/cf/93kruglyakov.html (1796 words)

	Igor Kurchatov - Definition, explanation
		Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (И́горь Васи́льевич Курча́тов) (January 8, 1903 – February 7, 1960), Soviet/Russian physicist.
		On August 29, 1949 the team detonated First Lightning, its initial test device (a plutonium implosion bomb) at the Semipalatinsk Test Site; Kurchatov later remarked that his main feeling at the time was one of relief, as he was confident that had the weapon failed, Stalin would have had him shot.
		Kurchatov died in Moscow in 1960 of a blood clot in his brain.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/i/ig/igor_kurchatov.php (526 words)

	Российская наука и мир (дайджест) - Сентябрь 1999 г.
		It is the story of the extraordinary forces that drove Kurchatov to become an organizer and to build and reign over a nuclear weapons empire of scientists, technicians and installations that stretched across the expanse of Stalin's Soviet Union.
		Kurchatov graduated in physics and got a job at the top technical university in Leningrad, even while Stalin was starting to mold a system under which anybody was subject to scrutiny, repression and arrest.
		Buoyed by patriotism and fear of America, Kurchatov and his scientists immersed themselves in the project, knowing full well that the costs of their work would condemn the people of their war-torn country to continued hardship.
	www.prometeus.nsc.ru /science/scidig/99/sept.ssi (5672 words)

	Igor Kurchatov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (И́горь Васи́льевич Курча́тов) (January 8, 1903 – February 7, 1960) was the leader of the Soviet atomic bomb project.
		The team (which included other prominent Soviet nuclear scientists such as Julii Borisovich Khariton and Iakov Borisovich Zeldovich) was assisted both by public disclosures made by the US government and by further information supplied by Fuchs, but Kurchatov and Beria (fearing the intelligence was misinformation) insisted his scientists retest everything themselves.
		On August 29th 1949 the team detonated First Lightning, its initial test device (a plutonium implosion bomb) at the Semipalatinsk Test Site; Kurchatov later remarked that his main feeling at the time was one of relief, as he was confident that had the weapon failed, Stalin would have had him shot.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/I/Igor-Kurchatov.htm (526 words)

	Alsos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Interviews with political scientists, Russian physicists, co-workers, and historians present the view that Kurchatov was an ambitious man who recognized that “fear and opportunity went hand in hand”.
		Espionage reports from America are stressed as being of key importance to Kurchatov’s success in developing the Soviet Union’s atomic bomb.
		The last part of the film discusses Kurchatov’s fears about a possible nuclear holocaust; however, it also states that he continued to encourage development of the hydrogen bomb, which was more destructive than previous bombs.
	alsos.wlu.edu /information.aspx?id=1104 (145 words)

	Rutherfordium
		The UC group also stated that they could not reproduce the earlier synthesis by Soviet scientists.
		This resulted in an element naming controversy; Since the Soviets claimed that it was first detected in Dubna, Dubium (Db) was suggested, as was Kurchatovium and symbol Ku for element 104, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov[?] (1903-1960), former Head of Soviet Nuclear Research.
		The Americans, however, proposed Rutherfordium (symbol Rf) for the new element to honor Ernest R. Rutherford a noted New Zealand nuclear physicist.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/un/Unnilquadium.html (204 words)

	Igor Kurchatov - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		A strikingly handsome Kurchatov at around age 20.
		The Soviet atomic bomb project remained a relatively low priority until information from spy Klaus Fuchs and later the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki goaded Stalin into action.
		Beria in particular would use the intelligence as a third-party check on the conclusions of the teams of scientists.
	www.phatnav.com /wiki/index.php?title=Igor_Vasilevich_Kurchatov (489 words)

	NSDL Metadata Record -- Citizen Kurchatov: Stalin`s Bomb Maker
		Interviews with political scientists, Russian physicists, co?workers, and historians present the view that Kurchatov was an ambitious man who recognized that ?fear and opportunity went hand in hand?.
		Espionage reports from America are stressed as being of key importance to Kurchatov?s success in developing the Soviet Union?s atomic bomb.
		The last part of the film discusses Kurchatov?s fears about a possible nuclear holocaust; however, it also states that he continued to encourage development of the hydrogen bomb, which was more destructive than previous bombs.
	nsdl.org /mr/441022 (154 words)

	Kurchatov, I. V. (Igor Vasilevich), 1903-1960. Papers.
		The collection documents Kurchatov's activities at the Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute, 1924-1941; the Radium Institute (Leningrad), 1938-1941); the Ukrainian Physico-Technical Institute (Karkov), 1932; in evacuation in Kazan, 1942-1943; Laboratory no. 2 and the Institute of Atomic Energy, 1943-1960; and the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences, 1946-1960.
		Kurchatov's public activity is documented by reports on nuclear policy, support of genetic theory against Lysenko, and work on the committee for Stalin prizes.
		There are reminiscences of Kurchatov by, among others, his wife, Maria, L. Nemenov, B. Kurchatov, and V. Merkin.
	www.aip.org /history/catalog/icos/1317.html (267 words)

	ELEMENT: RUTHERFORDIUM
		New data, reportedly issued by Soviet scientists, have reduced the half-life of the isotope they worked with from 0.3 to 0.15 s.
		The Dubna scientists suggest the name kurchatovium and symbol Ku for element 104, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960), former Head of Soviet Nuclear Research.
		In 1969 Ghiorso, Nurmia, Harris, K.A.Y. Eskola, and P.L. Eskola of the University of California at Berkeley reported that they had positively identified two, and possibly three, isotopes of Element 104.
	www.radiochemistry.org /periodictable/elements/104.html (485 words)

	LHCMA catalogue: THE COLD WAR, television documentary archive, 1995-1998 - (continued COLDWAR 28/1 - 33/4) -
		Typescript transcript of interview with Igor Ognietov, Soviet Communist Party Vietnam Specialist, relating to Soviet military assistance to North Vietnam during the Vietnam conflict; and relations between USSR, China and Vietnam.
		Typescript transcript of interview with Yuli Kvitsinsky, translator at the Soviet Embassy in Berlin, 1959-[1962] relating to the decision of the German Democratic Republic government to close the border in Berlin and construct the Berlin Wall, 1961, and the significance of Soviet relations.
		Typescript transcript of interview with Igor Kurdin, Soviet submarine officer and author, relating to the sinking of the K-219 SSMN, Soviet submarine, apparently following a collision with USS Augusta, Oct 1986.
	www.kcl.ac.uk /lhcma/cats/coldwar/xc70-28-.htm (2485 words)

	The Plan to Send the World's Spent Nuclear Fuel to The Russian A-Bomb Plant in Krasnoyarsk [Free Republic]
		I think the PBS show about Kurchatov last night might have something to do with it.
		American J. Robert Oppenheimer is renowned for directing the creation of the world’s first atomic bomb, but his Russian counterpart, Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, has remained a mystery.
		Kurchatov walked a knife-edge between glory and the gulag.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a380cd0fa71e2.htm (1949 words)

	Homeschool Study Guides - Periodic Table
		New data, reportedly issued by Soviet scientists, have reduced the half-life of the isotope they worked with from 0.3 to 0.15 s.
		The Dubna scientists suggest the name kurchatovium and symbol Ku for element 104, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960), former Head of Soviet Nuclear Research.
		In 1969 Ghiorso, Nurmia, Harris, K.A.Y. Eskola, and P.L. Eskola of the University of California at Berkeley reported that they had positively identified two, and possibly three, isotopes of Element 104.
	www.teach-at-home.com /FastFacts/PeriodicTable/104-Rutherfordium.asp (512 words)

	Rutherfordium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		During 1964, the Dubna researchers isolated the element 104, through collision reactions between Pu 242 and Ne 22 ions.
		They suggested the name Kurchatovium and symbol Ku, in honour of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, chief member of the Soviet Nuclear Research.
		However, in 1969 the Berkeley team succeeded in isolating an isotope of element 104 involving the collision of Cf 249 and C 12.
	nautilus.fis.uc.pt /st2.5/scenes-e/elem/e10400.html (111 words)

	Virtual Azerbaijan (VAR): Famous People from Azerbaijan list
		Igor Ashurbeyli (general director of Antey-Almaz, named one of 50 most influential businessmen by Nezavisimaya Gazeta (Russia) in July 2003)
		Vasiliy Vasilevich Vereshagin -- famous Russian painter whose grandmother on father's side was Azerbaijani.
		Academician Kurchatov (lived in Baku in the 1920s)
	www.zerbaijan.com /azlist.htm (1081 words)

	KET - Citizen Kurchatov: Stalin's Bomb Maker - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Episode description: American J. Robert Oppenheimer is renowned for directing the creation of the world's first atomic bomb, but his Russian counterpart, Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, has remained a mystery.
		While building the bomb for Russia, Kurchatov walked a knife's edge between glory and the gulag.
		He survived Stalin, but later developed a troubled conscience over his creations.
	www.ket.org /cgi-plex/watch/episode.pl?nola=CKUS++000000 (89 words)

	Scientific Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Name (Kurchatovium) was suggested by Dubna scientists in Russia in honor of
		Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903—1960), late Head of Soviet Nuclear Research.
		Accepted name (Rutherfordium) was picked in honor of Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist.
	artistic.fadingwhispers.org /cornucopia/elements.html (1972 words)

	Rutherfordium (Rf) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		New data, reportedly issued by Soviet scientists; have reduced the half-life of the isotope they worked with from 0.3 to 0.15 sec.
		The Dubna scientists suggest the name kurchatovium and symbol Ku for Element l04, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960), late head of Soviet Nuclear Research.
		The Dubna Group also has proposed the name dubnium for Element 104.
	www.sunysccc.edu /academic/mst/ptable/Unq.html (494 words)

	PBS> PBS Teacher Previews: October 18-24, 1999
		This documentary presents the fascinating story of Igor Vasilevich
		Kurchatov, a physicist who walked a knife-edge between glory and the
		At the companion site, learn more about this world-class Soviet
	scout.wisc.edu /Projects/PastProjects/K12news/99-10/99-10-15/0002.html (1583 words)

	The 200 Largest Russian companies available for acquisition
		Igor Dmitriyevich Il'in, Deputy Director for Commercial Questions Valeriy Borisovich Martynov, Head of Marketing
		The plant is being transformed to joint stock ownership, to be completed by the end of 1993.
		PRINCIPAL OFFICERS: Alexander Vasilevich Shlyakhtenko, Director General and Chief Designer
	www.friends-partners.org /~ppalms/texts/pd70.html (13489 words)

	Russian Defense Business Directory - S
		CONVERSION PROJECTS: TsKBM began about 1989 to produce turbo-molecular pumps for the chemical industry, microelectronics components, a deep vacuum system to ensure the purity of microelectronics materials produced at the facility and at other plants throughout Russia, and furniture.
		OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION: TsKBM, together with the Kurchatov Atomic Energy Institute, Moscow, and the Luch Scientific Production Association, Podolsk, developed the "Topaz-2", a small nuclear reactor capable of powering various types of spacecraft for periods of up to five years.
		The program was stopped for lack of funds, but the International Scientific Production Corporation, a U.S. firm, has proposed a joint project to use Topaz systems in civilian space programs.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/russia/industry/docs/rus95/s_list.htm (13656 words)

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