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Topic: Illyrian Wars

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Ancient Illyria

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	Illyria - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Illyrians were Indo-European tribesmen who appeared in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula about 1000 BC, a period coinciding with the end of the Bronze Age and beginning of the Iron Age.
		The Illyrians occupied lands extending from the Danube, Sava, and Morava rivers to the Adriatic Sea and the Šar Mountains.
		In the Illyrian Wars of 219 BC and 229 BC, Rome overran the Illyrian settlements in the Neretva River valley.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Illyria (1213 words)

	Encyclopedia: Illyria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It was settled by a number of Illyrian tribes---the Autariatae, Dassaretae, Chelidones, Taulanti, etc.---who are considered by scholars to be the Illyrians proper, whereas the many groups to the north---Pannoni, Dalmatae, Liburni, Iapodes---are considered to be distinct from the "true" Illyrians to the south (Wilkes, 1992, et.
		In the Illyrian Wars of 229 BC and 219 BC, Rome overran the Illyrian settlements in the Neretva river valley and suppressed the piracy that had made the Adriatic unsafe.
		The name Illyrians was used by some groups among the Croats up to their period of romantic nationalism in the 19th century, but was eventually abandoned as a potentially misleading anachronism.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Illyria (3851 words)

	Illyria
		The Illyrians appeared in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula about 1000 BC, a period coinciding with the end of the Bronze Age and beginning of the Iron Age.
		Illyrians distinguished themselves as warriors in the Roman legions and made up a significant portion of the Praetorian Guard.
		The name Illyrians was later used by some groups among the Croats during their period of romantic nationalism up to the end of the 19th century, but was eventually abandoned as a potentially misleading anachronism.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/illyria (1290 words)

	tribes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		There were a number of tribes, of disputed Illyrian origins, that settled the eastern Italian coast such as the Messapi, the Iapyges, the Picenti, and the Veneti to name a few.
		Although it is probable that the Illyrians in general had a kinship with the Thracians, there were several tribes that did.
		The assimilation of these Illyrians into Greek culture is attributed to the control the Greeks had over the island of Corcyra (todays Corfu off the coast of southern Albania), which Epirus (once southern Albania and western Greece) stood in the way of and so, controlling Epirus became a necessity for the Greeks.
	theillyrians.homestead.com /tribes.html (1559 words)

	History - The Ancient Illyrians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Illyrians occupied lands extending from the Danube, Sava, and Morava rivers to the Adriatic Sea and the Sar Mountains.
		In the Illyrian Wars of 229 and 219 B.C., Rome overran the Illyrian settlements.
		Several of the Roman emperors were of Illyrian origin, including Diocletian (284-305), who saved the empire from disintegration by introducing institutional reforms, and Constantine the Great (324-37)--who accepted Christianity and transferred the empire's capital from Rome to Byzantium, which he called Constantinople.
	mysite.verizon.net /vze7b2yg/id42.html (614 words)

	Illyrian Wars biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These were the native ships of the piratical Illyrians, had wider beams than typical warships of the day, and lacked rams.
		In 230 BC the Illyrian pirates stepped up their attacks on Italian merchants, and repeated protests by the latter brought the matter to the attention of the Roman Senate.
		Encouraged by the threats posed to Rome by Hannibal and the Gauls, the Illyrian Demetrius of Pharos raised a fleet of 90 lembi and sailed south of Lissus, in violation of the treaty.
	illyrian-wars.biography.ms (695 words)

	Roman Empire History
		War with the Greek king Pyrrhus, who sought to defend the Greek colony of Tarentum (southern Italy) against the Romans; noted I Rome (empire) Battle of Asculum fought (279 BC); Pyrrhus finally: withdrew to Greece.
		Illyrian Wars conducted on behalf of Greeks against pirates; led to Greek recognition of Roman power.
		Civil war began; Sulla marched his troops into Rome after tribune Publius Sulpicius Rufus tried to impose reforms by force; Marius, a leader of the popular party, fled and Rufus was executed; Sulla, leader of the optimates (aristocrats) became consul (87 BC) and left Rome to lead armies in First Mithridatic War.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/5576/roma-T.html (2623 words)

	The Illyrians: Kingdoms, Wars and Culture
		A branch of Illyrian is the Mesapian language of an Illyrian tribe in Southern Italy.
		Typical of Illyrian beliefs was also the cult of the Sun, which later developed smoothly into the adoration of the Greek sun god Apollon, especially in the town of Apollonia.
		Besides „imported“ Greek gods, two authentical Illyrian gods are of special relevance: Redon, the „lord of the sea“ and mythical father of the town of Durres, and Medaur, the god of war, represented with the attribute of a snake.
	www.shqiponja.de /english/albania/illyrians.htm (632 words)

	history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Living in a state of warfare with their neighbors, the necessities of defense would unite the Illyrians.
		In fact, the early history of the Macedonian kings is a constant struggle against Illyrian tribes.
		During the 3rd century BC, the Illyrians are known as pirates.
	theillyrians.homestead.com /history.html (237 words)

	The Roman Navy: The First and Second Illyrian Wars, and incidental operations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Illyrian pirates stepped up their attacks on Italian merchants, and repeated protests by the latter brought the matter to the attention of the Roman Senate.
		Thiel presents the case that the Senate had not ignored the piratical practices of the Illyrians because of their own indifference, but rather because they were hamstrung without the approval of the comitia centuriata.
		After this, the First Illyrian war, the Romans had to contend with a major invasion of the Gauls, which they successfully drove off.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~dpd/roman_navy/illyrian.html (1067 words)

	Beacon Lights of History, Volume III - Ancient Achievements by John Lord eBook by BookRags
		The Illyrian wars opened to the Romans the road to Greece and Asia, and destroyed the pirates of the Adriatic.
		The Macedonian War against Philip put Greece under the protection of Rome, and that against Antiochus laid Syria at her mercy; when these kingdoms were reduced to provinces, the way was opened to further conquests in the East, and the Mediterranean became a Roman lake.
		War had added empire, but undermined prosperity; it had created a great military monarchy, but destroyed liberty; it had brought wealth, but introduced inequalities; it had filled the city with spoils, but sown the vices of self-interest.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/10484/114.html (492 words)

	Fall of the Roman Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Carthage destroyed in Third Punic War 146 BC C. Wars with the "successor states" 1.
		actually, rather a mess (eventually a social war was fought) 2.
		enormous stakes at hand 1) wars used to be fought against other Italian peoples 2) wars now take place all around the Mediterranean world d.
	courses.smsu.edu /jjh117f/gep397/lectures/rom04.htm (512 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Albania
		After having been conquered in the Illyrian wars by Rome, the tribes of this region furnished the best soldiers of the empire, several emperors were of Illyrian stock (Freeman, The Illyrian Emperors, Historical Essays, London, 1892, III, 22-68).
		Christianity probably penetrated these mountain fastnesses through the Roman soldiers and traders from Epirus and Macedonia; it is doubtful whether any traces of the original apostolate survived the ruin of the Roman State in the West.
		After the dismemberment of the Roman Empire, the Illyrian population, gradually driven southward by the invading Slavs, became known as Albanians, were long subject to schismatic Constantinople, then fell under the sway of the Serbs, and finally became (1336-56) a province of the medieval Servian Empire under Tsar Stephen Duschan.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01253b.htm (2272 words)

	[Ancient Source] Appian: Illyrian Wars - www.ezboard.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Julius Cæsar and the Illyrians -- The Pannonians on the Danube
		Y.R. The Illyrians, fearing punishment for what they had done to Cæsar not long before, and thinking that his victory would be their destruction, attacked and slew the whole army under Gabinius, except Gabinius himself and a few who escaped.
		The Illyrians began to fear lest he should attack them, as they were on his intended line of march.
	p083.ezboard.com /fbalkansillyriaforum.showMessage?topicID=479.topic (6354 words)

	Appian's History of Rome: The Illyrian Wars
		The Dalmatians, another Illyrian tribe, made an attack on the Illyrian subjects of Rome, and when ambassadors were sent to them to remonstrate they were not received.
		The Illyrians, fearing punishment for what they had done to Caesar not long before, and thinking that his victory would be their destruction, attacked and slew the whole army under Gabinius, except Gabinius himself and a few who escaped.
		Caesar, that most successful man of war, did not dispatch them during the ten years that he was fighting the Gauls and wintering in that very country.
	www.livius.org /ap-ark/appian/appian_illyrian_3.html (1254 words)

	Early Rome and Roman Expansion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Roman expansion in Italy (to 272 BC) A. wars with Etruscans 1.
		Etruria conquered by late 3d cent BC B. wars with the Latin League 1.
		Tarentum declares war on Rome 280 BC 2).
	courses.smsu.edu /jjh117f/gep397/lectures/rom01.htm (553 words)

	Country Study - Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		During the fifth century B.C., a well-developed Illyrian population center existed as far north as the upper Sava River valley in what is now Slovenia.
		The Illyrian kingdom of Bardhyllus became a formidable local power in the fourth century B.C. In 358 B.C., however, Macedonia's Philip II, father of Alexander the Great, defeated the Illyrians and assumed control of their territory as far as Lake Ohrid (see fig.
		By the end of the third century, an Illyrian kingdom based near what is now the Albanian city of Shkodër controlled parts of northern Albania, Montenegro, and Hercegovina.
	www.world-digest.com /Studies/al/al0014.html (1071 words)

	Illyricum
		The Romans waged two Illyrian wars: in 229-228 bc and in 219 bc, but no province was formed until 167, when, after the fall of the Macedonian power, Illyria received its provincial constitution (Livy, xlv.26).
		Two years later the province was extended to the Danube, but in 9 ad, at the close of the 2nd Pannonian War, it was divided into two separate provinces, Pannonia and Illyricum (Dalmatia).
		The extension of Paul's preaching to the Illyrian frontier must be assigned to his 3rd missionary journey, i.e.
	holycall.com /biblemaps/illyricum.htm (668 words)

	Kings Before 360 BC .: macedonia clasp of the world :. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In the period of his authority he carried on with the Macedonian - Illyrian war.
		Not even he took part in that war, he was even killed there.
		He used the war among the democrats from Athens and aristocrats from Sparta.
	www.popovashapka.com /macedoniainfo/history/ancient_kings1.htm (563 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A lot of smaller Illyrian tribes were pacified, and no traces of arms were found in their gravesites.
		Romans had sent envoys to Teuta with request to stop Illyrian piracy in Adriatic sea, but she had envoys murdered, and that brought revenge of rising Rome, and after a punismhent expeditions, Romans took coastal region and set up Roman colony under Demetrios from Pharos.
		In Illyrian wars 229-219 BC, Rome got Neretva river valley, in 168 BC they defeated Illyirian king Gentius at Shkoder, and finaly in 9 AD, under the rule of Tiberius, all Illyrian teritories were under Roman control.
	www.rootsweb.com /~bihwgw/history/illyrians.html (371 words)

	Appian's History of Rome: The Illyrian Wars
		Although only his books on the Roman Civil Wars survive in their entirety, large parts of other books have also come down to us.
		The Illyrian wars, which were part of the book on the Macedonian wars, belong to these better preserved parts.
		§12: Julius Caesar and the Illyrians; defeat of Gabinius
	www.livius.org /ap-ark/appian/appian_illyrian_00.html (156 words)

	Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (236-184) : Youth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Scipio's father was elected Consul for 218 BCE on the outbreak of the Second Punic War.
		The Scipionic faction would appear to have been strongly in favour of the war and their strategy called for a two-pronged attack on the Carthaginian possession in Africa and Spain, the attack on Spain to be led by Scipio's father.
		The first battle of the war took place at the River Ticinus, between the cavalry and light troops of the armies.
	www.fenrir.dk /history/bios/scipio/youth.php (2673 words)

	[No title]
		This is in addition to that gained by the Optional Spoils of War Rule.
		Can only be played after the 1st Alexandrian War is defeated, and if the 2nd Alexandrian War, Cleopatra VII, and Cleopatra's Bequest are not in play.
		Once played, Cleopatra VII can only be played either as a special veto to cancel this vote (after which she is discarded) or as an Enemy Leader.
	grognard.com /variants/ror1.txt (1000 words)

	Fondazione Niccolò Canussio: Riassunti Convegno 2003
		When G. De Sanctis referred to the events of 167 BC, the situation after the Third Illyrian War and the division of Illyria into three districts, he remarked that between the Arsia and Narenta Rivers there was an immense lacuna, an extensive area none of which had yet been subdued by the Romans.
		Thus the conquest of Illyricum was postponed, it was being conquered gradually, and Octavian's Illyrian wars were the first systematic attempt to bring it under Roman control.
		In chapters 7-9 he gave a short account of the three Illyrian wars; several important events in the course of these wars took place in the area of later Dalmatia.
	www.fondazionecanussio.org /rias2003.htm (5547 words)

	[Projekat Rastko] Djordje Jankovic: Archeological Evidence of Slav Cultures on the Eastern Adriatic Coast in Medieval ...
		The Romans invaded Dalmatia in the Illyrian Wars and finally conquered it in the 9th century BC by crushing the Panonnian uprising.
		The proportion of might in the Adriatic significantly changed with the arrival of the Francs, who had destroyed the Langobard kingdom.(5) They conquered Istria in 788 AD, and then they invaded Dalmatia, having as an excuse an alleged attack of Tarsantians, who were of course Romans, on the Franc army.
		War with Byzantium and the Serbs followed, which ended with a peace agreement in Ahen in 812.
	www.rastko.org.yu /projekti/klio/sk/djankovic_e.html (2095 words)

	The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Chapter 40
		That Gothic chief had rendered himself popular by the civil war which he boldly waged against Anastasius for the defence of the orthodox faith, and after the conclusion of an advantageous treaty, he still remained in the neighborhood of Constantinople at the head of a formidable and victorious army of Barbarians.
		In the three succeeding chapters, I shall relate the wars of Justinian, which achieved the conquest of Africa and Italy; and I shall follow the victories of Belisarius and Narses, without disguising the vanity of their triumphs, or the hostile virtue of the Persian and Gothic heroes.
		The Persian war, A.D. The unkind parsimony of Anastasius was the motive or pretence of a Roman war;
	www.ccel.org /g/gibbon/decline/volume2/chap40.htm (15422 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Aquileia
		The city arose (180 B.C.) on the narrow strip between the mountains and the lagoons, during the Illyrian wars, as a means of checking the advance of that warlike people.
		Its commerce grew rapidly, and when Marcus Aurelius made it (168) the principal fortress of the empire against the barbarians of the North and East, it rose to the acme of its greatness and soon had a population of 100,000.
		When the patriarch Louis of Teck (1412-39) compromised himself in a war between Hungary and Venice, the latter seized on all the lands donated to the patriarchate by the German Empire.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01661c.htm (1433 words)

	Zvonko's Travels
		Thus Appianos, the Roman historian, writing about the Illyrian wars, mentions the island of Mljet, as well as its Roman name, Melita.
		The most impressive antique monuments on the island are the remains of a former sumptuous building located in today's village Polace (pronounce "Polache") at northern island's shore that name is derived from this substantial palace (palazzo) from the Roman era.
		The aborigines of the island of Mljet were the Illyrians as based upon their sepulchral monuments and tombs.
	www.cosy.sbg.ac.at /~zzspri/travels/mljet/index.html (2775 words)

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