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Encyclopedia: Imine The subsequent reduction of imine to amine is typically accomplished by treating with hydrogen and a suitable hydrogenation catalyst or treating with aluminum-mercury amalgam or via sodium cyanoborohydride. Isolation of imine and its subsequent reduction are sometimes reported to be more effective than reductive amination, but typically the difficulties in obtaining imines in high yield and their instability argue against that procedure. Imines derived from ammonia tend to be unstable--they often rapidly hydrolyze even with water to generate carbonyl compound and are often prone to polymerization. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Imine   (1404 words)

Imine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An imine is a functional group or chemical compound containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. An imine can be synthesised by nucleophilic addition from a ketone or aldehyde and ammonia or an amine to a hemiaminal -C(OH)(NHR)- followed by elimination of water to the imine. an imine reacts with dienes in the Aza Diels-Alder reaction to a tetrahydropyridine. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imine   (295 words)

Zwitterionic water-soluble substituted imine corrosion inhibitors - US Patent 6171521   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) Typical formulations of the imine may use alcohols or glycols as pour point depressants or surfactants, such as ethoxylated nonylphenols and/or ethoxylated amines as wetting agents or additives for dispersing the imine into the stream into which it is added. The zwitterionic imine corrosion inhibitors of the instant invention are the result of Michael addition of acrylic acid to various imines under standard conditions to form the zwitterions. In a typical procedure, 0.1 mol of imine (prepared by combining an aldehyde or ketone with a primary amine in the standard manner) was placed in a round bottom 4-neck flask equipped with a stirrer, thermocouple and addition funnel. www.patentstorm.us /patents/6171521.html   (4013 words)

United States Patent Application: 0040122225 In one embodiment of the present invention, the imine precursor for.alpha.-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) is prepared by combining benzaldehyde and t-butyl amine at room temperature, in the absence of a solvent, to form the corresponding benzylidene-t-butyl amine (imine) and water. The imine is dissolved into an amount of the solution sufficient to have a concentration of at least about 0.1M in the solution, and more advantageously to a concentration in the range of from about 0.5M to about 1.0M. Traditional methods of forming the imine intermediate for PBN have involved condensation techniques involving the removal of the "water of formation" during the condensation, such as the use of a dean stark trap in conjunction with a high-boiling solvent, such as toluene, capable of azeotropically removing water. appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040122225".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040122225&RS=DN/20040122225   (6235 words)

Process for making ultrathin polymeric imine films - Patent 4966743 Novel ultrathin unit layers and built-up multilayers of polymeric imine are obtained when a spreadable polyfunctional aldehyde or its precursor, particularly the alkyl Schiff base formed by its condensation with an alkyl amine, is spread on the surface of an aqueous subphase containing a diamine. While polymeric imines, even wholly aromatic polymeric imines, and films made therefrom are known to the art, uniform, well-controlled films of less than 0.1 micrometers in thickness have not been heretofore produced This prior inability to realize such films is due to inherent limitations of the until now state-of-the-art spin coating and vapor deposition processes. Said polymeric imine can be made by a process which is also an object of this invention, namely, the synthesis at the air/water interface of a polymeric imine comprising imino bonds in the main chain using spreadable polyfunctional aldehydes or polyfunctional aldehyde precursors and a subphase solution containing a polyfunctional amine. www.freepatentsonline.com /4966743.html   (4973 words)

Carbinolamines, Imines, and Oxazolidines from Fluorinated Propranolol Analogs. 19F NMR and Mass Spectral ... Carbinolamines, Imines, and Oxazolidines from Fluorinated Propranolol Analogs. Carbinolamine, imine, and oxazolidine intermediates in the P450-catalyzed N-dealkylation of propranolol (1) and trifluoropropranolol (6). Carbinolamines, imines, and oxazolidines from propranolol-related primary amines and trifluoroacetone or trifluoroacetaldehyde. intl-dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/29/8/1114   (5294 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) Substrates 14 and 34 include a polyalkylene imine immobilized thereon in a form that is capable of binding a biologically active agent present in a body fluid. One example of a suitable polyalkylene imine is polyethylene imine having an average molecular weight of 750,000, available from the Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The polyalkylene imine is then contacted with a polymeric anionic compound, thereby further increasing the wettability of the surface. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/01195.990114&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (2477 words)

United States Patent Application: 0040232044 For example, in an imine salt of glycolic acid (hydroxyacetic acid), the oxygen of the hydroxy group is two bonds from the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylate group. Preferably, the imine part of the compound of formula (I) is derived from an unsubstituted C.sub.15-C.sub.22 alkyl amine, R.sup.2NH.sub.2, preferably one which is an oil-soluble amine. In one embodiment, the alkyl amine is a tertiary alkyl primary amine, i.e., a primary amine in which the alkyl group is attached to the amino group through a tertiary carbon. appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040232044".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040232044&RS=DN/20040232044   (2121 words)

Low viscosity imine reactive diluents and coating compositions made therefrom - Patent 6399742 The imine reactant may be obtained by first dissolving a corresponding amine compound which includes R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 functionalities into an excess amount of a reactive solvent, generally a ketone for producing a ketimine reactive diluent and an aldehyde for producing an aldimine reactive diluent. The imine reactant is then reacted with an organic compound having at least two acrylate groups to produce the imine reactive diluent. The imine reactive diluents of this invention (ketimines and aldimines) are characterized by the absence of hydrogen atoms on the nitrogen or oxygen atoms, which contributes to maintenance of good coating viscosities. www.freepatentsonline.com /6399742.html   (5580 words)

Carbonyl Reactivity Imines are sometimes difficult to isolate and purify due to their sensitivity to hydrolysis. With the exception of imine formation itself, most of these derivatization reactions do not require active removal of water (not shown as a product in the previous equations). Aminols (Y = NHR) are intermediates in imine formation, and also revert to their carbonyl precursors if dehydration conditions are not employed. www.cem.msu.edu /%7Ereusch/VirtualText/aldket1.htm   (4359 words)

PCP analogs via imine intermediates   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) An intermediate imine is formed by the reaction of cyclohexanone and the appropriate primary amine. Another variation utilizes a primary amine and cyclohexanone, and traps the imine as a nitrile intermediate as in Scheme I (ref. The imine has also been prepared in illicit labs by stirring the amine and cyclohexanone in ether or toluene containing anhydrous sodium sulfate, followed by filtration. www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/pcp/imine_synth.html   (438 words)

Intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition imine-ketenimine For the preparation of the imine fragment aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes and acetophenones have been used. 10 could be rationalized by assuming that the reactive conformation of the imine-ketenimine is the one stabilized by pi-stacking of the two aryl rings, that on the imine carbon atom and that on the carbon atom of the ketenimine fragment. This assumption was suported by the following result: when the imine derived from o-azidobenzylamine and isobutyraldehyde was used as starting materials in a similar sequential treatment with trimethylphosphine and methylphenylketene, a 1:1 mixture of two diastereoisomers 11 and 12 was obtained. www.ch.ic.ac.uk /ectoc/echet96/papers/022   (736 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) The little bit of ketone makes an imine with tryptophan, it decarboxylates, and after a while, the imine hydrolyses, and the ketone moves on to another molecule of tryptophan. Yes, imine is formed at the end, but its a small amount, and when doing the acid-base extraction, it gets hydrolysed pretty good. Imines form a equilibrium with amines and ketones, where imine concentration as a function of acidity peaks at a pH around 4.5. dmt.lycaeum.org /ncgi/Forum6/000007.ubb   (426 words)

Isomerization and Deuterium Scrambling Evidence for a Change in Rate Limiting Step During Imine Hydrogenation by ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI The rate limiting step in the reduction of imines by Shvo’s hydroxycyclopentadienyl ruthenium hydride catalyst depends on the imine basicity. For imines with electron donating alkyl substituents on nitrogen, imine isomerization and deuterium exchange upon reaction with RuD established the reversibility of hydrogen addition to the imine. It is also consistent with the observed trans addition of deuterium to the imine and coordination of the amine to ruthenium prior to inversion at nitrogen or diffusion from the solvent cage. acs.confex.com /acs/56serm/techprogram/P15536.HTM   (242 words)

Imine quaternary salts as bleach catalysts - US Patent 5482515   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) Thus, quaternary imine salt chemistry is more than a synthetic curiosity as in the conversion of olefins to epoxides reported by Hanquet et al. Based on the results in Tables II and III, it is evident that the imine quat salts have a pronounced effect upon improving bleaching of a tea stained cloth. Wine (EMPA-114) stains were found to be effectively removed by the imine quat salt of Example 1 in combination with PAP as the peroxide source. www.patentstorm.us /patents/5482515.html   (4563 words)

Stepwise radial complexation of imine groups in phenylazomethine dendrimers : Nature   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) This behaviour reflects a gradient in the electron density associated with the imine groups, with complexation in a more peripheral generation proceeding only after complexation in generations closer to the core has been completed. By attaching an electron-withdrawing group to the dendrimer core, we are able to change the complexation pattern, so that the core imines are complexed last. By further extending this strategy, it should be possible to control the number and location of metal ions incorporated into dendrimer structures, which might find uses as tailored catalysts or building blocks for advanced materials. www.nature.com /nature/journal/v415/n6871/abs/415509a.html   (296 words)

Cytotoxic metabolite of acetaminophen, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, produces cataract in DBA2 mice. Cytotoxic metabolite of acetaminophen, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, produces cataract in DBA2 mice.The retinal cell layers remained intact. In addition to vacuole formation in the lens epithelial cells, alterations were observed in the corneal endothelium and ciliary epithelium. Acetaminophen, or N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP), is metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) by cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/2090280.html   (251 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) poly(propylene imine) dendrimers are commerclally available, Astramol (DSM), in different generations and having amine terminal groups ro nitrile terminated groups. poly(propylene imine) dendrimers was obtained as white powder. imine) dendrimer, characterised in that the shell layer comprises reactive maleimide rings. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/38423.010531&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (925 words)

Imine   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) An imine is the functional group or compound containing the functional group a carbon - nitrogen double bond. imine + ammonia or primary amine ↔ tetrahedral imine compound Nick Warren is normally known for mixing house music - this CD shows how versatile he really is. He has made a mix of music that I would die... www.freeglossary.com /Imine   (418 words)

Mechanisms of acetaminophen oxidation to N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine by horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome P-450 ... Mechanisms of acetaminophen oxidation to N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine by horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome P-450 -- Potter and Hinson 262 (3): 966 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry Mechanisms of acetaminophen oxidation to N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine by horseradish peroxidase and cytochrome P-450 imine formation and were consistent with the disproportionation of 2 mol of www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/262/3/966   (229 words)

Documentation for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs) ) TWA [skin]; NIOSH considers propylene imine to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990]. Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for propylene imine is 100 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Carpenter et al. The acute toxicity of ethylene imine to small animals. www.cdc.gov /niosh/idlh/75558.html   (187 words)

Production of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Imine Polymer Matrixes The imine polymer reacts with a metal salt and the product is dried. Metal hydroxides precipitate within the polymer matrix without addition of a base or of an oxidizer since the polymer imine groups provide a basic medium. The method works the best for imine polymers with a flexible chain and no hydrophobic branches. pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/cmatex/2000/12/i12/abs/cm0011561.html   (196 words)

Patent 6,573,245 The present invention is directed to chemical conjugates (herein referred to as polysaccharide adjuvant-antigen conjugates) that have a polysaccharide backbone capable of binding to the cell surface of Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs), to which is covalently attached (a) one or more molecules having a stable carbonyl group (i.e. The compounds having the imine-forming carbonyl group can be an aromatic or non-aromatic (saturated or partially unsaturated) carbocycle, aromatic or non-aromatic (saturated or partially unsaturated) heterocycle or a non-cyclic, aliphatic compound o0 that may have one or more unsaturated bonds. Since the terminal glycosyl hemiacetals are in their formyl or open form for only a brief period of time, the reaction may proceed at very low rate. www.pharmcast.com /Patents/Yr2003/Jun2003/060303/6573245_Polysaccharide060303.htm   (10280 words)

Can Steric Effects Induce the Mechanism Switch in the Rhodium-Catalyzed Imine Boration Reaction? A Density Functional ... The choice of the final stage depends on the structure of the imine and boration reagent. The present study is the first that outlines the mechanistic differences in C=C and C=N bond boration and rationalizes the effect of bulky substituents on the mechanism of imine boration reaction. The expected difference in regioselectivity between imine and alkene boration is also discussed. pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/orgnd7/2005/24/i08/abs/om049156o.html   (236 words)

Year 2001: Re: ORGLIST: imine refuses phosphite   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19) > The imine is not necessarily an intermediate in that reaction. an evidence that imine can be an intermediate in that reaction. prepared imines from both amine and aldehyde with different (less www.orglist.net /archive/2001/0183.html   (120 words)

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