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MedlinePlus Drug Information: Imipenem and Cilastatin (Systemic)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Imipenem and cilastatin (i-mi-PEN-em and sye-la-STAT-in) combination is used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria. Imipenem and cilastatin combination is used to treat infections in many different parts of the body. Although there is no specific information comparing use of imipenem and cilastatin in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202295.html   (1062 words)

Imipenem-Cilastatin Sodium Chemistry - Imipenem monohydrate is a carbapenem antibiotic that occurs as white or off-white, non-hygroscopic, crystalline compound. Imipenem is considered to be generally a bactericidal agent, but may be static against some bacteria. Imipenem is distributed widely throughout the body, with the exception of the CSF. www.elephantcare.org /Drugs/imipenem.htm   (1053 words)

Virtual Hospital: P & T News Imipenem is a beta-lactam antimicrobial agent with an antibacterial spectrum including aerobic gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacilli, and anaerobes.1 Biologic elimination of imipenem is a function of nonrenal clearance, plus substantial removal by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. The incidence of seizures associated with imipenem is reported by the manufacturer to be 0.4%.3 However, seizures have been reported in up to 2.4% of febrile neutropenic patients treated with imipenem.4 The mechanism of CNS adverse effects is unknown. Imipenem is reported to bind to GABA receptors in the brain with greater affinity than other beta-lactam antibiotics. www.healthcare.uiowa.edu /pharmacy/PTNews/1994/03.94.html   (1596 words)

Ciprofloxacin or imipenem use correlates with resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa The relationship between ciprofloxacin or imipenem use and resistance was assessed using a Pearson correlation. Imipenem-resistant P aeruginosa increased from 1.0% of isolates in 1987 to a maximum of 10.4% in 1991, and subsequently decreased to 5.4% in 1995. Imipenem use and the prevalence of imipenem-resistant P aeruginosa were significantly correlated (r=0.85, P=0.014). www.pulsus.com /Infdis/09_06/zhan_ed.htm   (525 words)

National Women's Newborn Drug Protocol - Imipenem Pharmacology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Imipenem is not active against mycoplasma or chlamydia. Imipenem is a beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the thienamycin group. Imipenem is combined with cilastatin sodium, a competitive, reversible and specific inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I-enzyme, the renal enzyme which metabolises and inactivates imipenem. www.adhb.govt.nz /newborn/DrugProtocols/ImipenemPharmacology.htm   (241 words)

Imipenem/Cilastatin (Premaxin®) Imipenem can be further described as a semi-synthetic thienamycin that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in combination with cilastatin to reduce toxicity. Imipenem should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function: Its dose must be adjusted in renal failure. Imipenem should not be used in very young patients with CNS infections because of a risk of inducing seizures. www.petplace.com /drug-library/imipenem-cilastatin-premaxin/page1.aspx   (786 words)

Imipenem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Imipenem has a broad spectrum of activity against aerobic and anaerobic Gram positive as well as Gram negative bacteria. Imipenem and other drugs in the carbapenem class are commonly referred to as "magic bullets." Their use is typically restricted in order to avoid widespread bacterial resistance. Imipenem is rapidly degraded by the renal enzyme dehydropeptidase when administered alone, and is always co-administered with cilastatin to prevent this inactivation. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imipenem   (203 words)

Failure to Detect Carbapenem Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae | CDC EID The imipenem MICs for the isolates and the study identification of their hospital of origin are shown in Table 1. Imipenem Etest results, which were set up to arbitrate the conflicting results, were difficult to interpret because of variable numbers of colonies within the ellipses of inhibition (Figure). When Sensititre panels were used, 10 (67%) of 15 isolates were reported as susceptible to both imipenem and meropenem, 2 isolates were reported as imipenem intermediate and meropenem susceptible, and 3 isolates were reported as imipenem susceptible and meropenem intermediate. www.cdc.gov /NCIDOD/eid/vol12no08/06-0291.htm   (2973 words)

Amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem treatment for disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection of beige mice. Three agents, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem, were tested in vitro for activity against MAC strain 101. Imipenem and ciprofloxacin had little or no activity alone (MICs, greater than 16 and 4.7 micrograms/ml, respectively), but when they were combined with amikacin there was bactericidal activity. Neither ciprofloxacin nor imipenem was active as a single agent, which was consistent with the in vitro activities of these agents. www.aegis.com /aidsline/1989/aug/M8980359.html   (499 words)

APUA Resistance to imipenem in Acinetobacter can be due to enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic (5), altered penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)(2) or a combination of altered PBPs and reduced outer membrane permeability (3). Multiresistant isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime, amikacin and imipenem while sensitive strains were also susceptible to tobramycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin and ticarcillin/clavulanate. Imipenem resistant (IR-ACR) isolates were resistant by Kirby Bauer susceptibility testing to imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ceftazidime, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and ticarcillin/clavulanate. www.tufts.edu /med/apua/Newsletter/13_2a.html   (1719 words)

Laboratory Detection of Imipenem or Meropenem Resistance in Gram-negative Organisms | CDC Infection Control in ... Imipenem and meropenem are carbapenem antimicrobial agents used to treat a variety of serious infections when an organism is resistant to the primary agent of choice. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates are intrinsically resistant to imipenem. However, studies have shown false resistance to imipenem in commercially prepared test panels due to degradation of the drug or to a manufacturing problem where concentrations of imipenem were too low (1,2,4,5). www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dhqp/ar_lab_imipenem.html   (736 words)

Primaxin Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Imipenem and Cilastatin - RxList Monographs   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of PRIMAXIN I.M. and other antibacterial drugs, PRIMAXIN I.M. should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. PRIMAXIN I.M. (Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injectable Suspension) is a formulation of imipenem (a thienamycin antibiotic) and cilastatin sodium (the inhibitor of the renal dipeptidase, dehydropeptidase I). Imipenem (N-formimidoylthienamycin monohydrate) is a crystalline derivative of thienamycin, which is produced by Streptomyces cattleya. www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic3/imipenem.htm   (260 words)

Imipenem Resistance of Enterobacter aerogenes Mediated by Outer Membrane Permeability -- Bornet et al. 38 (3): 1048 -- ... of imipenem susceptibility was evidenced in the isolated strains. aerogenes strains with a decreased susceptibility to imipenem is of concern (4, 19, 23, 24). Molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes infections and in vivo emergence of imipenem resistance. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/3/1048   (2936 words)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Exposed to Imipenem Exhibit Changes in Global Gene Expression and {beta}-Lactamase and ... (imipenem MIC for strain PAO1, 2 to 4 µg/ml). the expression of ampC in response to imipenem. The biofilm was exposed to imipenem for 24 h. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/48/4/1175   (5760 words)

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Imipenem during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill ... or resistant to imipenem (18, 20, 21, 26, 27, 29, 30). Determination of imipenem (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) in human plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography, comparison with microbiological methodology and stability. The pharmacokinetics of imipenem (thienamycin-formamidine) and the renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor cilastatin sodium in normal subjects and patients with renal failure. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/49/6/2421   (4275 words)

Imipenem-Cilastatin sodium Dosage, Interactions, Side Effects, How to Use Addition of cilastatin prevents the metabolism of imipenem in the kidneys by dehydropeptidase I, thus ensuring high levels of the imipenem in the urinary tract. Peak plasma levels of imipenem, after 20 min IV infusion: 14-24 mcg/mL for the 250-mg dose, 21-58 mcg/mL for the 500-mg dose, and 41-83 mcg/mL for the 1-g dose. About 70% of imipenem and cilastin is recovered in the urine within 10 hr of administration. www.healthdigest.org /drugs/imipenemcilastatinsodium.html   (1007 words)

MedlinePlus Drug Information: Imipenem and Cilastatin Sodium Injection The combination of imipenem and cilastatin eliminates bacteria that cause many kinds of infections, including pneumonia and gynecological, skin, stomach, blood, bone, joint, urinary tract, and heart valve infections. If you are receiving imipenem and cilastatin intravenously (in your vein), you probably will be told to store it in the refrigerator. If you are receiving imipenem and cilastatin in your vein or under your skin, you need to know the symptoms of a catheter-related infection (an infection where the needle enters your vein or skin). www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a686013.html   (828 words)

Treatment of severe nosocomial pneumonia: a prospective randomised comparison of intravenous ciprofloxacin with ... 4/12 (33%) to imipenem (p = 0.147), and the mortality was 12/75 imipenem but our study was too small to detect small differences. Both ciprofloxacin and imipenem in the doses administered could be regarded as safe and the incidence of severe adverse events thorax.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/55/12/1033   (3737 words)

Imipenem and Cilastatin (Systemic) Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to imipenem and cilastatin, penicillins or cephalosporins. It is not known whether imipenem or cilastatin passes into the breast milk. Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. allnutritionals.com /drugs/i/imipenemcilastatin-systemic.shtml   (1033 words)

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials | Full text | In-vitroactivity of polymyxin B in combination with ... Recently polymyxin with imipenem and rifampicin and polymyxin with meropenem, rifampicin or azithromycin were reported as combinations with significant in-vitro activity against multi-drug resistant strains of A. The MIC's of all five isolates to imipenem, rifampicin, polymyxin and azithromycin are shown in Table 1. Despite reports of enhancedactivity of polymyxin combined with imipenem, rifampicin or azithromycin we were unable to detect reliable in-vitro synergy between polymyxin B and any of these agents versus epidemic strains of A. www.ann-clinmicrob.com /content/5/1/10   (2523 words)

European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases The MICs of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin were determined by agar dilution according to the BSAC guidelines. Meropenem had the lowest level of resistance at 1.9%, followed by piperacillin/tazobactam with 4.8%, imipenem at 5.8%, ceftazidime with 13.5% and ciprofloxacin with 20% resistance. At low MICs, meropenem was commonly more than 10-fold more active than imipenem, but as the imipenem MIC increased, the ratio decreased. www.blackwellpublishing.com /eccmid14/abstract.asp?id=14752   (274 words)

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials | Full text | In vitro activity effects of combinations of ... Resistance in vitro was 88.44% to dicloxacillin, 80.7% to cephalothin, 69.23% to imipenem, and 100% to amikacin (11.5% intermediate and 88.4% resistant) for the 26 isolates. According to the FIC (table 2), dicloxacillin with amikacin showed synergistic activity against 34.6% and partially synergistic activity in 50% of the isolates, and additive activity against the remainder four (15.6%), cephalothin with amikacin was synergistic against 26.9% and partially synergistic against the rest (73.07%). For cephalothin plus vancomycin combination, the effect was additive against 76.9% (20/26), and indifferent for 23.1%, imipenem plus vancomycin combination showed additivity against 80.7% (21/26) of the isolates and indifference against five isolates. www.ann-clinmicrob.com /content/5/1/25   (2360 words)

Differential Host Inflammatory Responses to Viable Versus Antibiotic-Killed Bacteria in Experimental Microbial Sepsis ... Staphylococcus aureus killed during imipenem or ceftazidime chemotherapy in mice elicited an early release of tumor necrosis We first undertook control studies to establish that the antibiotic imipenem was effective in reducing the levels of viable Imipenem or saline vehicle was given by separate i.p. iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/4/2301   (4784 words)

Comparison of in vivo intrinsic activity of cefepime and imipenem in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa rabbit endocarditis ... Comparison of in vivo intrinsic activity of cefepime and imipenem in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa rabbit endocarditis model: effect of combination with tobramycin simulating human serum pharmacokinetics -- Navas et al. Myers, C. and Blumer, J. Determination of imipenem and cilastatin in serum by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Cozens, R. M., Markiewicz, Z. and Tuomanen, E. Role of autolysins in the activities of imipenem and CGP 31608, a novel penem, against slowly growing bacteria. jac.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/54/4/767   (2579 words)

Primaxin Drug Information Breast-feeding-It is not known whether imipenem or cilastatin passes into the breast milk. Other medicines-Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. Dosing-The dose of imipenem and cilastatin combination will be different for different patients. www.drugs.com /cons/Primaxin.html   (1330 words)

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of the Electroencephalogram Effect of Imipenem in Healthy Rats -- Dupuis et ... of imipenem in serum and the EEG effect; this effect was accompanied Marchand, S., Dahyot, C., Lamarche, I., Mimoz, O., Couet, W. Microdialysis Study of Imipenem Distribution in Skeletal Muscle and Lung Extracellular Fluids of Noninfected Rats. Limosin, A., Dupuis, A., Lamarche, I., Mimoz, O., Paquereau, J., Couet, W. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the electroencephalogram effect of imipenem in rats with experimental hypovolaemia or endotoxaemia. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/45/6/1682   (441 words)

Evaluation of Vitek System for Susceptibility Testing of Enterococcus faecium Isolates -- Lee et al. 34 (1): 83 -- ... Although imipenem is not a first-line drug for treating enterococcal used to predict the in vitro activity of imipenem against enterococci. Therefore, the MIC of imipenem obtained with the www.annclinlabsci.org /cgi/content/abstract/34/1/83   (301 words)

Imipenem for Treatment of Tuberculosis in Mice and Humans -- Chambers et al. 49 (7): 2816 -- Antimicrobial Agents and ... Imipenem for Treatment of Tuberculosis in Mice and Humans -- Chambers et al. Means and standard errors for proportional growth indices (GI) (the ratio of counts per minute on each day to counts per minute for the strain at day 0) for three separate experiments performed with starting growth indices ranging between 100 and 300. The open triangles indicate the prestudy isolate, and the closed triangles indicate the 18-week isolate for untreated cultures (A) or cultures to which imipenem at concentrations of 4 µg/ml (B), 8 µg/ml (C), or 16 µg/ml (D) had been added on day 0. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/49/7/2816   (2844 words)

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