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Topic: Immunoglobulin allotype

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	Proteins
		New immunoglobulin epitopes in pigs: immunogenetics and linkage
		Ig(l/k)A1 – antigenic marker of light-chain immunoglobulins in pigs
		Expression of IgG immunoglobulin heavy chain IGHGA1 and IGHGA2 genes and absorption and catabolism of these proteins in lambs.
	www.izoo.krakow.pl /english/referenc.htm (351 words)

	Immunoglobulins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Immunoglobulins generally assume one of two roles: immunoglobulins may act as i) plasma membrane bound antigen receptors on the surface of a B-cell or ii) as antibodies free in cellular fluids functioning to intercept and eliminate antigenic determinants.
		Immunoglobulins are composed of four polypeptide chains: two "light" chains (lambda or kappa), and two "heavy" chains (alpha, delta, gamma, epsilon or mu).
		Unlike isotypes and allotypes, idiotypes are determined by the amino acid sequence and corresponding three-dimensional structure of the variable region of the immunoglobulin molecule.
	www.cehs.siu.edu /fix/medmicro/igs.htm (1326 words)

	Results of the search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sequence analysis of homogeneous peptides of shark immunoglobulin light chains by tandem mass spectrometry: correlation with gene sequence and homologies among variable and constant region peptides of sharks and mammals.
		Kappa-chain allotypes and isotypes in the rabbit: cDNA sequences of clones encoding b9 suggest an evolutionary pathway and possible role of the interdomain disulfide bond in quantitative allotype expression.
		Characterization of horse (Equus caballus) immunoglobulin mu chain-encoding genes.
	lethargy.swmed.edu /trite/abstracts/user-1016148091/results.shtml (4821 words)

	Effector functions of human IgG - Immunoglobulin Allotypes
		Allotypes are sequence differences between alleles of a subclass whereby the antisera recognises only the allelic differences.
		Firstly, when a patient has a different immunoglobulin allotype from the therapeutic monoclonal then there is an increased potential for an antiglobulin response, directed to both the constant region and the variable region (discussed in more detail in chapter 2).
		Allotype differences between individuals have also been implicated in disease associations [52] although the linkage is often very weak, suggesting either that the allotype is only a minor contributing factor or that it is in linkage disequilibrium with a much more important locus, possibly even the immunoglobulin V-gene segments.
	www.path.cam.ac.uk /~mrc7/iggfunctions/allo.html (812 words)

	LAH Publications #200 - #299
		Although in most cases the allotypic haplotype expressed by the parent and switch-variant hybridomas are the same, in one family of variants we noted a switch in haplotype along with the switch in isotype.
		Immunoglobulins primarily of the M and G3 classes, which in both normal and mev mice contain high levels of lambda light chain, are produced in excess in mev mice.
		The cosegregation of the Leu-2 and immunoglobulin kappa (IgK) loci in hybrids with spontaneous rearrangements of chromosome 2 is consistent with the possibility that the Leu-2 locus is on proximal human 2p near IgK.
	herzenberg.stanford.edu /Publications/200-299.htm (10805 words)

	Epistatic Effects of Immunoglobulin GM and KM Allotypes on Outcome of Infection with Hepatitis C Virus -- Pandey et al. ...
		Immunoglobulin allotypes and immune response to meningococcal polysaccharides A and C. Immunogenet.
		Immunoglobulin allotypes and IgG subclass antibody response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens in chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients.
		Immunoglobulin allotypes and immunoreactivity in chronic liver disease.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/9/4561 (3193 words)

	THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS - ANTIBODIES
		Allotypes are antigenic determinants specified by allelic forms of the Ig genes.
		Allotypes represent slight differences in the amino acid sequences of heavy or light chains of different individuals.
		In man the allotypic differences are localized to the constant region of the heavy and light chains as illustrated in the Figure 2.
	www.med.sc.edu:85 /mayer/IgTypes2000.htm (1083 words)

	LAH Publications #001 - #099
		Suppression of a gG-globulin allotype in mice by anti-allotype antibodies.
		After fractionation of mixtures of anti-(T,G)-A--L antisera obtained from congenic strains differing in immunoglobulin allotype, it was possible to measure the antigen-binding capacity of specific anti-(T,G)-A--L antibodies in each allotype fraction.
		For these studies, we use a new type of T-deficient mouse (allotype suppressed) which specifically lacks T-helper activity (Th) for a subset of memory B cells responsible for approximately 10% of the overall IgG antibody response.
	herzenberg.stanford.edu /Publications/001-099.htm (2828 words)

	LAH Publications #300 - #399
		To determine whether immunoglobulin isotype plays a role in the therapy of EAE with anti-CD4 antibody, an isotype switch variant family of the mouse IgG1 anti-rat CD4 antibody W3/25 was isolated with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter.
		Paternal allotype conventional B cells, in contrast, are temporarily depleted by treatment with either anti-IgM or anti-IgD allotype antibodies and return rapidly to normal frequencies once the antibody treatment disappears.
		Here we show that treating allotype homozygotes with the same antibody depletes all (rather than half) of the B cells and that, under these conditions, relatively normal numbers of Ly-1 B cells reappear shortly after the treatment antibody disappears.
	herzenberg.stanford.edu /Publications/300-399.htm (12219 words)

	IMGT FAQ
		Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes were accepted as "genes" by the Human Organisation (HUGO) Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) in 1999.
		For Gm allotype sequences, the IMGT/LIGM-DB accession numbers of the sequences that correspond to the Gm allotypes are indicated in "Gene tables: Human IGHC" in IMGT Repertoire The corresponding IGHG allele sequences in FASTA format (per exon) are available from IMGT/GENE-DB.
		For Km allotypes, the correspondence between Km alleles and IGKC allele names is available in "Allotypes: Human IGKC" in IMGT Repertoire.
	imgt.cines.fr /textes/FAQ (2285 words)

	Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine \| Full text \| Immunological parameters in girls with Turner syndrome
		The aim of this study was to investigate immunoglobulin and lymphocyte subpopulations in girls with Turners syndrome to examine whether an immunodeficiency may be the cause of their high incidence of otitis media.
		A homozygous lack of the IgG2m(23) allotype was seen in 33% of the girls, which is the same frequency as in the normal population [15].
		In the study group a negative IgG2m(23) allotype was not correlated to a positive history of recurrent otitis media, neither could the different karyotypes be associated to the levels of immunoglobulin- or lymphocyte subpopulations.
	www.jnrbm.com /content/3/1/6 (2447 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The class of immunoglobulins which are involved in the immediate type hypersensitivity: a.
		The H chain of the immunoglobulin is coded by: a.
		The indication that a new borne has had an in utero infection is indicated by the presence of the following in the cord blood: a.
	faculty.uca.edu /~deralds/10msu201.htm (569 words)

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		Km1 allotype association with one subgroup of alopecia areata.
		The allotype frequency was significantly higher than that found in a referent population of 105 healthy subjects.
		Furthermore, it was determined that within the patient population, the Km1 allotype was associated with the absence of detectable serum autoantibodies.
	www.hair-loss-alopecia.com /ref-alopecia/alopecia-research-abs3.461.html (589 words)

	WayneMcCormackHomePage
		Monoclonal antibodies specific for the b5 allotype of rabbit kappa light chains.
		Somatic hyperconversion of the chicken immunoglobulin VL gene segment in the bursa of Fabricius occurs by intrachromosomal gene conversion.
		Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and B lineage marker expression in avian embryos.
	www.pathology.ufl.edu /~mccormac/PUBLICATIONS.html (1269 words)

	Entrez-PubMed
		The frequency of normal rat peripheral B lymphocytes stained for surface immunoglobulin kappa allotypes a and b in (a X b) F1 heterozygotes was assessed by two-colour immunofluorescence on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter.
		Cells expressing each allotype singly were isolated and the extent of rearrangement of the genes encoding the joining-kappa segment on the expressed and non-expressed chromosome were independently assessed.
		Cell lineages were traced by using genetic markers of cell surface molecules: immunoglobulin allotype for B lymphocytes and peripheral T cell alloantigen for T lymphocytes.
	users.path.ox.ac.uk /~SVHUNT/SVH_Publs_forWeb.htm (4700 words)

	AAVI Newsletter February, 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		She discussed the evidence for the role of allotypes of bovine IgG2 in protective immunity to several pathogens.
		He described the minimum immunoglobulin gene requirements necessary for early B cell development, using retroviral gene transfer and chimeric receptors composed of an intracellular immunoglobulin domain fused to a portion of CD8.
		A truncated immunoglobulin mu chain is important and sufficient for early B cell development in the embryonic bursa in the absence of antigenic stimulation.
	www.cvm.missouri.edu /aavi/newsletter_2_02/newsletter_2_02.htm (7135 words)

	Immunoglobulin allotype gene polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis: interactive effect of MHC class II and KM genes on ...
		Immunoglobulin allotype gene polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis: interactive effect of MHC class II and KM genes on anticentromere antibody production -- Kameda et al.
		Immunoglobulin allotype gene polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis: interactive effect of MHC class II and KM genes on anticentromere antibody production
		Balbin M, Grubb A, Abrahamson M, Grubb R. Determination of allotypes G1m (f) and G1m (z) at the genomic level by subclass-specific amplification of DNA and use of allele-specific probes.
	ard.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/6/366 (3156 words)

	Publications
		Immunoglobulin Haplotype Frequencies in Anabaptist Population Samples: Kansas and Nebraska Mennonites and Indiana Amish.
		Immunoglobulin Allotypes in Jewish Populations Living in Israel and the United States.
		Distribution of HLA Antigens in Polish and German Populations in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~anthro/publication.html (1285 words)

	Positive selection of the peripheral B cell repertoire in gut-associated lymphoid tissues -- Rhee et al. 201 (1): 55 -- ...
		Molecular basis of the allelic inheritance of rabbit immunoglobulin VH allotypes: implications for the generation of antibody diversity.
		Somatic diversification of the chicken immunoglobulin light chain gene is limited to the rearranged variable gene segment.
		Mutation affecting the expression of immunoglobulin variable regions in the rabbit.
	www.jem.org /cgi/content/full/201/1/55 (3955 words)

	Capsular Polysaccharide-Fimbrial Protein Conjugate Vaccine Protects against Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection in SCID ...
		Correlationship between G2M(N) immunoglobulin allotype and human antibody response and susceptibility to polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria.
		Immunoglobulin allotypes and immunoglobulin G subclass responses to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in early-onset periodontitis.
		Genes associated with the G2m(23) immunoglobulin allotype regulate the IgG subclass responses to Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/1/391 (1980 words)

	Sequential double immunocytochemical staining for in situ identification of an auto-anti-allotype immune response in ...
		Sequential double immunocytochemical staining for in situ identification of an auto-anti-allotype immune response in allotype- suppressed rabbits -- Claassen and Adler 36 (12): 1455 -- Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
		suppressed allotype, in all chronically suppressed adult rabbits tested.
		Sequential incubation and staining with allotype- and anti-allotype-enzyme
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/abstract/36/12/1455 (286 words)

	genR2
		Darke, C., Street, J., Sargeant, C. and Dyer, P.A. (1983) HLA-DR antigens and properdin factor B allotypes in responders and non-responders to the Rhesus-D antigen.
		Holt, P.J.A. and Darke, C. antigens and Bf allotypes in lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.
		Young, N.T., Street, J. and Darke, C. (1995) Immunoglobulin allotype frequencies in responders and nonresponders to the Rh(D) antigen.
	www.wtail.org.uk /genR2.htm (5612 words)

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		A considerable simplification of the response was achieved in the microcultures as documented by cultures of heterozygous cells which produced only one allotype and by the fact that each culture showed a distinctive pattern when antibody titre, association constant, heterogeneity index, L-chain type, and k-chain allotype were considered together.
		This array of patterns was not an artifact but the result of disassembling a representative sample of the rabbit immune system into small components, since the b4/b9 ratio obtained by averaging the results of all cultures from a heterozygous rabbit lymph node was the same as the serum ratio.
		An increase in molecules with non kappa-chains (which could not be reacted with anti-kappa-chain allotype antisera) was usually associated with a parallel decrease in antibody affinity.
	www.hairmillion.com /immune-system/immune-system-research-abs5.441.html (1629 words)

	Human protein: P01877 - Ig alpha-2 chain C region. EMBL Bioinformatic Harvester
		Structure of the A2m(1) allotype of human IgA -- a recombinant molecule.
		Ig alpha is the major immunoglobulin class in body secretions.
		The sequence of the A2m(1) allotype is shown.
	harvester.embl.de /harvester/P018/P01877.htm (613 words)

	Relation of age, race, and allotype to immunoglobulin subclass concentrations -- Shackelford et al. 19 (8): 846 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Relation of age, race, and allotype to immunoglobulin subclass concentrations -- Shackelford et al.
		Relation of age, race, and allotype to immunoglobulin subclass concentrations
		allotype with altered immune responses of fls to certain vaccines
	www.pedresearch.org /cgi/content/abstract/19/8/846 (216 words)

	Mike Clark's Research Group
		Antibodies or immunoglobulins are proteins made by the B-cells of the bodies immune system in response to infection.
		We have revealed striking variation between antibodies which differ by both isotype and allotype and in several cases we have identified sequences within the molecule which are critical for such functional differences.
		Methods were established to purify the bispecific antibody away from the other mixed molecular immunoglobulin species produced by the hybridoma.
	www.path.cam.ac.uk /%7Emrc7/research/mc.html (660 words)

	Incident -- Case 280
		While the genetic factors underlying these disorders are not exactly known, the defect appears to involve immunoglobulin class switching at the stem cell level [1].
		Studies carried out on circulating B-lymphocytes in IgAD patients showed the presence of membrane-bound IgA on these cells, suggesting that the pathways involved in the initial expression of the relevant genes for IgA immunoglobulin class were intact.
		Laboratory determination of the serum immunoglobulin concentrations is usually obtained by nephelometry or radial immunodiffusion methods.
	path.upmc.edu /cases/case280/inc.html (1190 words)

	fish -- channel catfish and atlantic cod
		Wilson, M.R., Marcuz, A., vanGinkel, F., Miller, N.W., Clem, L.W., Middleton, D. and Warr, G.W. The immunoglobulin M heavy chain constant region gene of the channel catafish, Ictalurus punctatus: an unusual mRNA splice pattern produces the membrane form of the molecule.
		Ghaffari, S.H., and Lobb, C.J. Structure and genomic organization of a second cluster of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene segments in the channel catfish.
		Daggfeldt, A., Bengtén, E. and Pilström, L.: (1993) A cluster type organization of the loci of the immunoglobulin light chain in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) indicated by nucloetide sequences of cDNA and hybridization analysis.
	www.medicine.uiowa.edu /CIgW/fish.htm (641 words)

	ICI/FOCIS 2004 Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As a multisystemic autoimmune disease, it presents with autoantibodies to various nuclear antigens and diverse clinical manifestations including rash, inflammation (nephritis, arthritis) and neuropsychiatric dysfunction (cognitive decline, psychosis, seizures).
		Methods: Twelve rabbits of known immunoglobulin allotype were immunized: 6 with an Sm peptide on a MAP-8 backbone (BB), 4 with an NMDA peptide on BB, and 2 with BB alone.
		However, the use of our unique immunoglobulin allotype-defined rabbit colony will expedite understanding the interactions of innate genetic susceptibilities with exposure to defined external immunogens leading to SLE-like manifestations.
	www.immuno2004.org /onlineabstracts/3409.html (361 words)

	Preliminary investigations of the occurrence and development of IgG in calves, on application of the allotype BA—3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the study, use has been made of an alloantibodies capable of detecting allotype BA3 combined with immunoglobulins of the IgG1 subclass.
		Using allotypes as genetic markers of immunoglobulin molecules provides for an elimination of masking effect in those calves which derived from negative mothers, while receiving from their father the gene for the given allotype.
		It was found that some of the newborn calves possessed their own IgG1 even prior to receiving colostrum, while in other ones the onset of synthesis of their own IgG took place no later than in the first week of life.
	www.izoo.krakow.pl /english/department/imm-cyt/bialka03.htm (197 words)

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