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Topic: Imperfective aspect

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Aorist tense

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Imperfective aspect
		Along with the aorist aspect and the perfective aspect, the imperfective aspect is one of three aspects used in Indo-European languages.
		Aspect is a somewhat difficult concept to grasp for the speakers of most modern Indo-European languages, because they tend to conflate the concept of aspect with the concept of tense.
		The imperfective aspect is the aspectual component of tenses in various languages, such as Greek, Latin and the Romance languages, known as the imperfect tense.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Imperfective-aspect (349 words)

	Imperfective Aspect at the Interpretive Interface
		Imperfectivity is the default case: the predicate is underspecified as referring to events that hold or culminate.
		The underlying insight is that the imperfective marking of the predicate encodes functional abstraction on the time argument of the verbal predicate: the VP has to be read as a predicate of times.
		imperfective morphology) is virtually orthogonal to the domain of the traditional aktionsart opposition (telic/atelic) and that grammatical aspect consists in a constellation of interpretive features encoding well-defined instructions at the interpretive interface.
	www.llf.cnrs.fr /TA/delfitto.html (818 words)

	RWT: Verbs
		You form the future of imperfective verbs with the future of the verb ÂÙÔØ (to be) and the imperfective verb in the infinitive.
		Aspect in Russian refers to the view of the speaker toward the action he/she is describing.
		As in the previous example, here we would use the perfective aspect of the verb "to begin", and the imperfective aspect of the verb "to do", because the focus is on part A, the beginning of the activity.
	www.auburn.edu /~mitrege/RWT/tutorials/verbs.html (3080 words)

	IMPERFECTIVE ASPECT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The imperfective aspect is used in a variety of circumstances where it is felt to imply some specific aspect of on-going activity.
		The Continuous Imperfect: The Imperfective Aspect, e.g., "he was ranting", can also be felt to imply that an action kept on going-on; thus, "he kept on ranting." This implication is made explicit in English by repetition: "he was ranting and ranting".
		The Conative Imperfect: The Imperfective Aspect, e.g., "he is running", can be felt to imply "he was trying to run." We still find this "conative imperfective aspect" in English, often in the jargon of sports: "There's the pitch.
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /latin/grammar/imperfective_aspect.htm (267 words)

	Imperfective aspect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		It refers to an action that is viewed from a particular viewpoint as ongoing, habitual, repeated, or generally containing internal structure, as opposed to the perfective aspect, which views an action as a simple whole (and is not the same as the perfect aspect).
		The progressive tenses are often used to render the imperfective when it describes an ongoing action ("The rain was beating down"), and past habitual actions are often rendered using "used to" + verb.
		Furthermore, the simple past is almost invariably used to render the imperfective with inherently stative verbs ("was", "had"), and quite often with verbs used in a stative sense ("lay" in the above narrative).
	www.punweb.com /article/Imperfective_aspect (259 words)

	Fanning and Imperfective Aspect
		However, it >seems to me that his definition of imperfectivity as a view "from >within the action, without reference to the beginning or endpoint of >the action" and perfectivity as a viewpoint from "outside the action >with focus on the whole action from beginning to end" (p 85) is in >need of a SLIGHT revision.
		It is the presence of the aorist before the imperfect that causes a sense of 'beginning'.
		This 'inceptive' sense is superimposed on the semantics of the imperfect by the aorist verb which precedes it (or by other elements in the context in other texts).
	www.ibiblio.org /bgreek/archives/97-05/msg00208.html (386 words)

	The Principles of Verbal Aspect
		Aspect is a verbal category that distinguishes between actions which are successfully completed once and those which are not.
		Thus Она уходила в кино and Она ушла в кино both mean "she went away to the movies"; however, the former implies that she returned, too, since it is the imperfective and therefore means that the action was completed at least twice.
		The imperfective stem is always to the left of the vertical bar.
	www.alphadictionary.com /rusgrammar/aspect.html (1231 words)

	Verb Aspect
		Aspect refers to the internal temporal constituency of an event, or the manner in which a verb’s action is distributed through the time-space continuum.
		The habitual aspect refers to a situation that is protracted over a long period of time, or a situation that occurs frequently during an extended period of time, to the point that the situation becomes the characteristic feature of the whole period.
		Progressivity is a special type of imperfectivity which emphasizes that an action is in progress; often this is mentioned to provide a background or frame of reference for some other situation.
	www.rickharrison.com /language/aspect.html (2912 words)

	Greek Aspect, Part 2 by William Annis
		Part 2 of the aspect tutorial briefly explores the practical implications of the discussion in the first part, with parallel sentences for comparison, and some examples from Greek literature.
		We'll touch only briefly on aspect in simple sentences since it is in the relationship between main and subordinate clauses that aspect is most likely to be confusing to beginners.
		Above we said that the imperfective aspect shows an action in progress, in the middle of going on.
	www.textkit.com /tutorials/20040819-aspect-part2-page1.php?aid=2&tid=7 (811 words)

	Verb aspect
		This statement tells us that the completion took place sometime during the summer, at one particular point in time.
		Remember, you can use the perfective aspect only when you are questioning if part C has taken place.
		In the future tense, perfective verbs imply that there is intention for the action to be completed successfully.
	www.auburn.edu /forlang/russian/tutorials/0021.html (1635 words)

	LUCL - PhD Defences 2005-
		The incompletive aspect marker, for instance, is suffixed to a reduced stem; derivational suffixes, nominalizers, and subordinators are attached to the non-reduced stem.
		Abstract: This thesis presents a thorough survey of the central aspects of the phonology of Shaoxing Chinese from a synchronic perspective and on the basis of recent theoretical phonological developments, with the secondary goal of casting some light on current issues in Modern Chinese (Mandarin).
		In order to compare the interaction of aspect and subjectivity in modal constructions, the data are classified according to the parameter of modality.
	www.ulcl.leidenuniv.nl /index.php3?c=73 (5347 words)

	imperfective aspect - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 7 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word imperfective aspect:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "imperfective aspect" is defined.
		noun: aspect without regard to the beginning or completion of the action of the verb
	www.onelook.com /?w=imperfective+aspect&ls=a (103 words)

	The Kebreni Language
		Thus you'd use the imperfect diru for "I was working", because you weren't done yet; and the perfective kuna for "I will read it", if you mean you'll read it and finish.
		In this usage volitional, aspect, and effect inflections (but not politeness infixes) can be applied to the subordinating form.
		Ellipses indicate that variations (the imperfective and the two volitional forms) are being left out.
	www.zompist.com /kebreni.htm (7500 words)

	Imperfective aspect of PROSKUNEW in Matthew (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		My suggestion is that these imperfect verbs are used of foreground events to signal that the supplicant was still prostrated when the storyline progressed.
		Kimmo Iver Larsen wrote: > > Since I am new on the list I am not aware if there is a consensus on the use and > implication of the imperfective tense/aspect in Greek.
		> > Since the imperfective aspect basically refers to something not yet complete in > thought, is it significant that all these examples are followed by a present > participle "saying"?
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-greek/2000-December/014746.html (411 words)

	chapter9_9
		With imperfective aspect verbs there is also an analytic construction with the gerund:
		In addition to their use as antipassive markers (and even as parts of the transitive agreement paradigms), and their use as Aktionsart markers and in denominal verb formation they are often found as more or less meaningless derivational formatives.
		There has been no special study of this aspect of word formation in Chukchee as far as I am aware, so I will just cite a handful of examples from Moll and Inenlikej's dictionary.
	privatewww.essex.ac.uk /~spena/Chukchee/chapter9.html (1831 words)

	Russian Translation Services - Russian Translator. Translate Russian to English
		In addition to tense and mood Russian verbs possess a feature called aspect.
		They can be perfective or imperfective indicating if the action is completed.
		Second person plural vy is used to show deference.
	www.translation-services-usa.com /russian-translation.shtml (487 words)

	chapter8_5
		NB: There are no examples in Skorik's data of causatives being formed from transitives, though Nedjalkov cites a number of cases.
		(II:256) e-...-ke + ityk (intr.)/rytyk (tr.) - imperfective aspect
		luñ-...-te + ityk (itr.)/rytyk (tr.) - perfective aspect
	privatewww.essex.ac.uk /~spena/Chukchee/chapter8.html (1242 words)

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