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Topic: Imperial General Headquarters

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	Encyclopedia: Imperial General Headquarters
		The Imperial General Headquarters or Daihonei, as part of the Supreme War Council was the supreme command for Japanese military forces during the World War II era.
		The South Seas Detachment of the Imperial Japanese Army was a brigade size force formed in 1941 to be the army unit used in the Japanese seizure of the South Pacific island groups of Wake, Guam and the Gilberts.
		A General Staff is a group of professional military officers who act in a staff or administrative role under the command of a general officer.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Imperial-General-Headquarters (1430 words)

	The Grand Quartier-General Imperial and the Corps d'Armee
		One imperial foul-up Berthier is usually blamed for is the command mess at the beginning of the Campaign of 1809.
		Berthier's organization was the Grand Etat-Major General, which consisted of his own cabinet, his personal staff of aides-de-camp, and the Etat-Major General 'proper.' Berthier's cabinet, sometimes called the Etat-Major particular, consisted of a small group of talented and experienced staff officers generally organized in three section: troop movements, intelligence, and personnel.
		Generally speaking, this section of Berthier's staff was in three 'divisions.' The first was in charge of troops movements, officer assignments, countersigns, and general correspondence.
	www.napoleon-series.org /military/organization/c_staff1.html (3435 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kwantung Army
		The Kwantung Army or Guandong Army (関東軍 Japanese: Kantōgun) was a unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that originated from a Guandong garrison established in 1906 to defend the Kwantung Leased Territory and the areas adjacent to the South Manchurian Railway.
		Generals and young officers virtually controlled the puppet government of Emperor Henry Pu Yi.
		The Kwantung Army or Guandong Army (関東軍 Japanese: Kantogun) was a unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that originated from a Guandong garrison established in 1906 to defend the Kwantung Leased Territory and the areas adjacent to the South Manchurian Railway.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kwantung-Army (475 words)

	Supreme War Council (Japan) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It's first leader was Yamagata Aritomo (1838-1922), a Choshu native who has been credited with the founding of the modern Japanese army and was to become the first constitutional prime minister.
		The Supreme War Council developed a German-style general staff system with a chief of staff who had direct access to the emperor and who could operate independently of the army minister and civilian officials.
		During the war, it was in effect the Imperial General Headquarters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supreme_War_Council_%28Japan%29 (180 words)

	The Battle of Santa Cruz, October 25th, 1942
		With Imperial Japanese Army troops still vainly struggling to subdue the beleaguered U.S. Marines who stubbornly clung to the Henderson Field perimeter like a drowning sailor to a preserver, Imperial General Headquarters was loath to leave the situation alone.
		General Kawaguchi, Commander-In-Chief, would set a time by which his forces would be placed in such fashion as to overwhelm the Americans (who were still considered rather weak in number and by comparison) and bring Henderson Field into Japanese possession.
		Accordingly, General Kawaguchi was unable to conduct his attack as planned (difficulties in moving his large forces also played into this decision), and he decided to postpone his move from the 20th to the 22nd — a move which the Navy only barely found out about.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/battles/santa_cruz.htm (4173 words)

	[No title]
		We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control.
		We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed.
		Acting by command of and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, We hereby surrender unconditionally to the Commanding General, United States Army Forces, Western Pacific, all Japanese and Japanese-controlled armed forces, air, sea, ground and auxiliary, in the Philippine Islands.
	history.sandiego.edu /cdr2/BYRD/DECLARAT/JAP_SURR.TXT (2785 words)

	Greater East Asia War in the Pacific - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Greater East Asia War (大東亜戦争) was a term used, at least publicly in December of 1941, by Japan's Imperial General Headquarters (Imperial GHQ) to refer to the conflict that followed (and ultimately reversed) Japan's invasions in the 1930s and early 1940s of other nations in eastern Asia and the Pacific.
		It is believed that the Imperial General Headquarters began planning the Greater East Asia War in April or May of 1941.
		In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted that should acceptable negotiations be reached with the Americans, the attacks were to be canceled -- even if the order to attack had already been given.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Greater_East_Asia_War_in_the_Pacific (553 words)

	SCAP General Order no. 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The enclosure is the final form approved by the President of the United States on 17 August 1945 and issued by the Imperial General Headquarters on 2 September 1945.
		The Imperial General Headquarters, its senior commanders, and all ground, sea, air and auxiliary forces in the main islands of Japan, minor islands adjacent thereto, Korea south of 38 north latitude, and the Philippines shall surrender to the Commander in Chief, U. Army Forces in the Pacific.
		The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and appropriate Japanese officials shall be prepared on instructions from Allied occupation commanders to collect and deliver all arms in the possession of the Japanese civilian population.
	www.taiwandocuments.org /surrender05.htm (1366 words)

	Surrender Order of the Imperial General Headquarters of Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This order issued by the Imperial General Headquarters on the instruction of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers is commonly referred to as General MacArthur's Order no. One.
		(e) The Imperial General Headquarters, its senior commanders, and all ground, sea, air, and auxiliary forces in the main islands of Japan, minor islands adjacent thereto, Korea south of 38 degrees north latitude, and the Philippines shall surrender to the commander in chief United States Army Forces in the Pacific.
		(11) The Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and appropriate Japanese officials shall be prepared on instructions from Allied occupation commanders to collect and deliver all arms in the possession of the Japanese civilian population.
	www.taiwandocuments.org /ghq.htm (1270 words)

	[No title]
		The fact that the Japanese General Staff-which had studied in the best schools in Europe-had failed to prepare such plans as late as 1940 cannot be attributed either to peaceful intentions or to a supreme confidence in diplomacy.
		General Tojo had agreed to this proposal only on the understanding that Konoye would use the occasion to press the program for expansion to the south.
		Finally, on 24 September, General Sugiyama and Admiral Nagano, the Army and Navy chiefs of staff, submitted a joint letter calling attention to the shortage of supplies, the effect of the weather on operations, and the problems of mobilizing, staging, and deploying their forces.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/70-7_04.htm (10303 words)

	Hirohito (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Japanese Imperial Army Imperial Navy had held veto power over the formation of cabinets 1900 and between 1921 and 1944 there were no less than 64 of right-wing political violence most notably the of moderate Prime Minister Tsuyoshi Inukai in 1932.
		Nevertheless all speakers at the Imperial Conference united in favour of war rather than Baron Yoshimichi Hara President of the Imperial Council and Emperor's representative then questioned them closely producing to the effect that war would only considered as a last resort from some silence from others.
		The imperial title was thus transformed 'imperial sovereign' to ' constitutional monarch ' in 1946.
	www.freeglossary.com /Hirohito (2020 words)

	OPERATION KETSU-GO
		The purpose of the new Air General Army was to coordinate the air defense of Japan, providing a single headquarters through which cooperation with the ground forces and the Navy could be expedited in implementing the defense of the home islands.
		The defensive zone of the Second General Army was the western portion of Honshu and the islands of Shikoku and Kyushu.
		Since it was generally conceded that the U.S. would make initial landings in Kyushu, the Sixteenth Area Army had been given priority in the receipt of supplies and in the build-up of troop strength.
	www.fas.org /irp/eprint/arens/chap4.htm (4636 words)

	Philippine Islands
		General Douglas MacArthur, who had been advising the commonwealth government on defense matters, came to Manila to organize the new Philippine Army after his retirement as Chief of Staff in 1937.
		Imperial Headquarters assumed that the fall of the capital would mean the destruction of the vast majority of U.S. and Philippine forces.
		General Brereton later wrote that he repeatedly sought permission before the attack to launch his B-17s against the Japanese aircraft in Formosa, but General Sutherland denied his requests and also denied him access to MacArthur.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/brochures/pi/pi.htm (6318 words)

	Greater East Asia War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Greater East Asia War is a term used by Japan's Imperial General Headquarters when referring to their 1941/42 attacks against territory and military units of Great Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States.
		It is believed that the Imperial General Headquarters (Imperial GHQ) began planning the Greater East Asia War in April or May of 1941, by November their plans were essentially complete, modified only slightly over the next month.
		The Imperial GHQ noted that should acceptable negotiations be reached with the Americans, than the attacks were to be canceled, even if the order to attack had already been given.
	www.termsdefined.net /gr/greater-east-asia-war.html (545 words)

	Russo-Japanese War
		Imperial headquarters' mistake, and the Kwantung Army command's mistake, was to judge Stalin's caution and forbearance to be weakness.
		The Mongolian General Choibalson, and Zhukov's Chief of Staff, General Shtern, were superior field officers.
		Beside a military defeat, where 18,000 of Japan's 60,000 battle force were killed, and probably another 20,000 wounded, the imperial family was mortified by the desertion of Lieutenant Higashikuni, the twenty-three-year-old son of Prince Higashikuni, during the fight, a matter suppressed by Japanís censors.13 Stalin was also happy to call it a day.
	zhukov.mitsi.com /Russo.htm (2297 words)

	Ships present in Tokyo Bay
		The formal surrender of the Japanese Imperial Government, the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, and all Japanese and Japanese-controlled armed forces wherever located, was signed aboard the battleship USS Missouri (BB-63) at 0908 on 2 September 1945.
		The General Order, which was to be issued through the Japanese Government, called upon all commanders in Japan and abroad to lay down their arms, cease hostilities at once, and to remain in their present locations, and it required that all Japanese except the police force in the main islands of Japan be disarmed.
		The rear echelon of general headquarters remained in Manila.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq69-1.htm (1628 words)

	PEARL HARBOR ATTACK PLANNING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		General Survey of the Attack on Hawaii Prepared in Accordance with Oral Instruction by Col. Munson to Commander Yamaguchi of the Liaison Committee for the Imperial Army and Navy.
		Operational Orders (A) Orders of the Imperial General Headquarters (1) Imperial Naval Order (a) (Issued 1 December) Japan, under the necessity of her self-preservation and self-defense, has reached a decision to declare war on the United States of America, British Empire and the Netherlands.
		The general outlines of the approach to OAHU for both the Attack Force and the air units were determined from information provided by the previously named source.
	metalab.unc.edu /pha/pha/pt_12/x12-008.html (14662 words)

	Imperial General Headquarters - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Imperial General Headquarters - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Imperial General Headquarters contains research on
		Imperial General Headquarters, Organization of the Imperial General Headquarters, Organization of the Imperial Japanese Army -- December 8, 1941, See also, Imperial Japanese Army, Imperial Japanese Navy, Military history of Japan and Military of Japan.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Imperial_General_Headquarters (259 words)

	World War Two Pictures
		This photograph was used in the Nuremburg Trials, to help convict SS General Stroop, as evidence of the forced deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto in 1943, to extermination camps like Auschwitz.
		General Dwight Eisenhower, "Ike," Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe, speaks to the young soldiers of the 101st Airborne, on the eve of D-Day.
		At some point a photo was taken that captured the humanity of the general and the crushing importance of the moment.
	www.acepilots.com /ww2/pictures.html (2545 words)

	The General Staff Headquarters or the General Staff Building or Генеральный штаб или Здание ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When constructing right wing of the General Staff headquarters, Carlo Rossi enclosed several existent older buildings, with their own interiors and history inside the new grand facade, which acts like an architectural treasure chest.
		The General Staff headquarters to the right is paralleled by two buildings of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the left, all enclosed within the same facade.
		At the turn of the century, it was one of the most important military and military history libraries in Europe, housing thousands of rare warefare-related volumes, manuscripts, prints, drawing and plans from the Middle Ages until early 20 century, in Russian, Latin, French, German, Italian, Dutch, Swedish, Spanish, English and other European languages.
	www.photofora.com /eugene/centralsquares/generalstaff.htm (549 words)

	Hideki Tojo: Hideki Tojo's Prison Diary
		In actions relating to the high command, the Chiefs of Staff of the Imperial General Headquarters, that is to say, the Army Chief of Staff and the Chief of Naval Operations, have a responsibility that is separate from that of the cabinet, and they take independent responsibility for the assistance they provide the Emperor.
		This is suggested by the fact that although at that time the Prime Minister attended meetings at the Imperial General Headquarters, it is my recollection that he was not to be involved in the conduct of operations.
		Answer: That would be a matter for the Imperial General Headquarters and I do not know the details, but both the army and navy started operational preparations on the basis of decisions taken at the Nov.5, 1941, Imperial Conference.
	www.vho.org /GB/Journals/JHR/12/1/Tojo31-85.html (18004 words)

	Attu--Reading 1
		In May 1942 Imperial General Headquarters in Tokyo ordered an attack on the Midway Islands, with the objective of occupying those islands and destroying the remnants of the U.S. Pacific Fleet.
		Admiral Kinkaid, convinced that General Brown was bogged down, relieved him and appointed Army Maj. Gen.
		²General Smith witnessed the 7th Infantry Division's amphibious assault on Attu and wrote, "I have always considered the landing...in the dense fog of Attu...an amphibious landing without parallel in our military history." Holland M. Smith and Percy Finch, Coral and Brass (Washington, 1979), p.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/7attu/7facts1.htm (1601 words)

	[No title]
		Although the general outline of the operations of the Fighter Combat Units corresponds to that of the First Attack Units, the strafing will be carried out according to the following in case there are no enemy aircraft in the air.
		The general outline of attack in the event that enemy aircraft carriers and the main body of the U.S. Fleet are in anchorages outside Pearl Harbor are:
		Should it appear certain that Japanese-American negotiations will reach an amicable settlement prior to the commencement of hostilities, it is understood that all elements of the Combined Fleet are to be assembled and returned to their bases in accordance with separate orders.
	sunsite.unc.edu /pha/monos/097/index.html (3818 words)

	ROBERTSON: 4 Papers and correspondence as Chief of the Imperial General Staff, 1915-1918
		Printed translation of a document written at German 3 Army Headquarters entitled 'Proposals for the technical methods to be adopted in an attempt to break through a strongly fortified position, based on the knowledge acquired from the errors which appear to have been committed by the French during the winter campaign in Champagne'.
		Telegram (R95) from Robertson to temporary Lt Gen George Francis Milne, General Officer Commanding in Chief, British Salonika Force, concerning French attempts to provoke a rupture with Greece, due to the supposed failure of the latter to comply with Allied requests that Greek troops be removed from Thessaly.
		Paper by temporary Gen Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, for the War Cabinet, giving a summary of the preparations which are being made to prepare US units for operations in 1919, and putting forward suggestions to be made at the forthcoming Supreme War Council meeting on the subject.
	www.kcl.ac.uk /lhcma/cats/robertson/ro45-04.htm (5655 words)

	The Soviet Army Offensive: Manchuria, 1945
		As a general rule, the Soviets will attack in two echelons with the first echelon made of combined arms armies and the second echelon formed by a tank Army.
		However, as the Allied effort in the Pacific war intensified, the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters began to withdraw elite divisions from the Kwantury Army to counter the Allied threat elsewhere.
		Japanese Imperial General Headquarters (IGHQ) issued orders on 15 March 1945, which withdrew all remaining elite divisions from Manchuria to the homeland and included two divisions on the border.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1986/RMF.htm (5500 words)

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