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Topic: Imperial Preference

	Imperial Preference - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Imperial preference was a system of reciprocally-levelled tariffs or free trade agreements between different dominions and colonies within the British Commonwealth of Nations.
		The purpose of such practices was to ensure the wealth, and thus unity, of allied imperial nations.
		Problematically for Chamberlain, the new Chancellor of the Exchequer, C.T. Ritchie, under the guidance of leading economists of the time including Sir William Ashley, was vigorously opposed to any scheme of Imperial Preference, and it ultimately lead to a damaging rift within the Conservative Party under Arthur Balfour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imperial_Preference (247 words)

	Imperial Preference - Canadian History
		The development of intra-imperial trade by means of imperial preferences was a favourite theme with the imperial federationists of the period from 1884 to 1904; but the loyalty of the Mother Country to the ideal of free trade placed an insuperable obstacle in the way of this project.
		Once import duties were re-established in the Mother Country, it became possible to grant a preference to goods from the overseas Empire; and in the British budget of 1919, introduced most appropriately by Joseph Chamberlain's son, the principle of an imperial preference was at last adopted.
		These preferences were not so extensive as they might have been if they had been arranged a third of a century earlier, for in the meantime many industries had grown up in the Dominions which could only exist behind high tariff walls.
	www2.marianopolis.edu /quebechistory/encyclopedia/ImperialPreference.htm (608 words)

	Imperial Conference - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		IMPERIAL CONFERENCE [Imperial Conference] assembly of representatives of the self-governing members of the British Empire, held about every four years until World War II.
		In 1917-18 the Imperial War Conference acknowledged the importance of the whole empire in defense policy by admitting India, not yet self-governing, to the conference.
		The resolutions of the conferences were given legal effect by the Statute of Westminster (1931; see Westminster, Statute of), which declared the legislatures of the several dominions on an equal footing with that of the United Kingdom.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-imperialc1.html (435 words)

	Cornlaws
		Tariff preference on colonial produce had existed as early as 1828; but the subject came more prominently into view after 1841, when the government of Sir Robert Peel first revised the list of customs duties in 1842, and then rather abruptly in 1846 adopted free trade.
		What expansion along imperial lines might have resulted, had the preferences continued, is matter for conjecture only.
		So definite a verdict buried hopes of preference for fifty years until the Fielding tariff of 1897, with its voluntary preference on British imports, re-opened the question.
	www2.marianopolis.edu /quebechistory/encyclopedia/Cornlaws.htm (407 words)

	news2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Imperial is an integrated transportation and mobility group employing 28 000 people in 26 countries with a revenue of R32 billion, attributable profit of R1.5 billion, total assets of R22 billion and a market capitalisation of about R13 billion.
		Imperial believes that empowerment initiatives should address the discrimination and imbalances of the past, improve the lives of a wide range of historically disadvantaged people and bring long-term economic benefits to the country.
		Imperial Logistics International GmbH and Co. KG, as a wholly owned subsidiary of South African Imperial Holdings Ltd., Johannesburg, is responsible for coordinating and controlling all worldwide logistic activities of the Imperial Group outside of South Africa.
	www.imperiallogistics.co.za /news2003.html (7438 words)

	Joseph Chamberlain (July 8, 1836 - July 3, 1914) was a British politician. In his early years he was a Liberal and a ...
		He showed himself to be a keen imperialist, and as a key proponent of the Boer War he became a leading figure in the "khaki election" of 1900.
		In 1903 he resigned to lead a campaign for Tariff Reform, supporting a protectionist system of "Imperial Preference" in which tariffs would be levied against imports from outside the British Empire.
		The divided Unionists were trounced in the 1905 general election, and Chamberlain was the favourite to take over as their leader.
	www.birminghamuk.com /wikipedia/Joseph_Chamberlain.htm (879 words)

	Imperial Royal Tours Policies
		Imperial Royal Tours is not responsible for any loss or damages of personal property, or for injuries, expenses, or damages incurred or claimed by any tour member.
		Imperial Royal Tours and/or their leaders, in anticipating bookings for any tour, clearly stipulate that they are not liable for the faults or defaults of all companies and persons that may be used in carrying out the tour services; also for accidents, baggage losses, strikes, political unrest, riots and acts of God and war.
		Imperial is not responsible for loss, damage, theft of luggage or personal belongings, or for personal injury, accidents, or illness.
	www.imperial-travel.com /policies.htm (1757 words)

	Arthur Balfour - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A notable achievement of Balfour's government was the establishment of the Committee on Imperial Defence.
		Ritchie's remission of the shilling import-duty on corn led to Chamberlain's crusade in favor of tariff reform and colonial preference, and as the session proceded the rift grew in the unionist ranks.
		The debate over Imperial Preference and the subsequent split of the Conservative-Unionist Party dominated the three years of Balfour's premiership.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arthur_Balfour (2008 words)

	AllRefer.com - Imperial Conference (British And Irish History) - Encyclopedia
		Imperial Conference, assembly of representatives of the self-governing members of the British Empire, held about every four years until World War II.
		The meetings prior to 1911 : in 1887, 1897, 1902, and 1907 : were known as Colonial Conferences, and were chiefly concerned with defense problems and the possibility of imperial tariff preference.
		In 1917–18 the Imperial War Conference acknowledged the importance of the whole empire in defense policy by admitting India, not yet self-governing, to the conference.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/I/ImperialC.html (416 words)

	Document relatifs aux relations extérieures du Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In most cases it might be inadvisable to harp too much on internal political difficulties, but the political feeling about Imperial preference in India was so strong that he could not properly explain his country's position without mentioning it.
		Preferences had been granted bilaterally and in a way which discriminated among the various members of the Commonwealth.
		This would be impossible so long as it was forbidden to widen margins of preferences, and so long as the obligation stood to give free entry to a wide range of commodities from Commonwealth countries.
	dfait-maeci.gc.ca /department/history/dcer/details-fr.asp?intRefid=4098 (2014 words)

	Business Report - Imperial's black empowerment deal raises a number of questions
		Imperial Holdings announced a fl economic empowerment (BEE) deal with Ukhamba Holdings on December 9 last year in a transaction that raises a number of interesting issues.
		Imperial Holdings has an authorised share capital of 500 million ordinary shares of 4c each and its issued share capital amounts to about 216.75 million shares, each worth R71 on Friday.
		Assume Imperial's headline earnings for the year to June 2005 amount to R1.9 billion (a 16.2 percent increase on the initial R1.634 billion target for June 2004), and the five-month, volume-weighted average share price is R80, only 231 031 deferred shares will convert.
	www.busrep.co.za /index.php?fArticleId=349440&fSectionId=558&fSetId=304 (1105 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 38 - 29 April, 1931 - Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Germany. - Finance (Customs ...
		One of the things arising from this Bill, I think, is that imperial preference is to be granted in regard to woollens, but presumably it is not to take place in regard to butter.
		There is no imperial preference in regard to butter imported from any of the Dominions.
		If the imperial preference means that articles from certain places come in less than the ordinary tariffs, that must be provided for in the particular Act in every case.
	historical-debates.oireachtas.ie /D/0038/D.0038.193104290035.html (1416 words)

	Imperial Ginseng (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Imperial Ginseng Products Ltd., one of the world's largest North American ginseng growers, was incorporated under the Company Act of British Columbia, Canada (the "Company Act") on April 6, 1989.
		Imperial Ginseng Products Ltd. owns and operates a ginseng farm, the Canadian Imperial Ginseng Ontario Ltd. and a value-added product division, the Imperial Ginseng Distributors Ltd. The Company's principal place of business is located at Suite 1601 - 650 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC, V6B 4N7, phone (604) 689-8863, fax (604) 689-8892.
		Imperial Ginseng's main business is the growing and marketing of American ginseng including brokering, processing, packaging, and distribution of American ginseng products throughout North America, Southeast Asia and China.
	www.imperialginseng.com /corp.htm (211 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Robert Borden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Borden and the Conservatives argued in favour of Imperial preference which would use tariffs to diminish imports from outside the British Empire.
		In world affairs, Borden played a crucial role in transforming the British Empire into a partnership of equal states, the Commonwealth of Nations, a term that was first discussed at an Imperial Conference in London during the war.
		Imperial Conferences were gatherings of British Empire government leaders in London in 1887, 1897, 1902, 1907, 1911, 1921, 1923, 1926, 1930 and 1937.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Robert-Borden (6236 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Commonwealth of Nations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		CHOGM is the successor to the Prime Ministers' Conferences and earlier Imperial Conferences and Colonial Conferences dating back to 1887.
		Commonwealth countries accorded each others' goods privileged access to their markets ("Commonwealth Preference"), and there was a free or preferred right of migration from one Commonwealth country to another.
		Furthermore, consumers in Commonwealth countries retain many preferences for goods from other members of the Commonwealth, so that even in the absence of tariff privileges, there continues to be more trade within the Commonwealth than might be predicted.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Commonwealth_of_Nations (3640 words)

	Review: News and the British World. The Emergence of an Imperial Press System
		Simon Potter’s book is a study of ‘imperial integration’ through the analysis of what he terms ‘an imperial press system’ which emerged in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (p.
		Potter’s thesis counters this, however, by arguing that there existed an imperial realm of media discourse which was to an extent autonomous from the national context of the media.
		Donald Read’s study of the imperial dimensions of Reuters’s worldwide network (2) has laid the crucial bedrock and parameters for any such discussion and there is less that is substantially novel in the conclusions reached here.
	www.history.ac.uk /reviews/paper/kaul.html (1942 words)

	Abstracts: Post-Imperial Britain Confernce
		At this historic moment, a reconfigured British national identity required the associated rejection and amnesia of the imperial past, processes which were threatened by the very presence of former settlers and colonial officials, and thus they too, as indices of British imperialism, were screened from public and academic consciousness.
		This paper discusses the effects of imperial decline and postcolonialism on the British diaspora, particularly in Australia where the imperial monarchy was, even in the immediate post-war era, an integral part of its cultural and political identity.
		Their relationship with the imperial and colonial state was becoming the subject of increasing scrutiny, not least by colonial peoples aspiring towards political self-determination.
	www.icbh.ac.uk /icbh/news/abstracts.html (15702 words)

	Imperial Golf Estates Naples Florida Real Estate
		Imperial Golf Estates is the Crowning Jewel of Naples and is considered one of the most desirable communities in North Naples, with a complete array of amenities and residences.
		Beach access is five minutes away, allowing Imperial residents to enjoy the privacy and lifestyle of a gated, golf community with an optimum location.
		Throughout Imperial, an abundance of trees and foliage, combined with the natural color schemes of the homes, creates beautiful settings surrounded by nature at its best. Over 600 single family homes and groupings of villas and condos make up this wonderful community.
	www.amerivestrealtyofnaples.com /Imperial-Golf-Estates (891 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Special Relationship, edited by Wm. Roger Louis and Hedley Bull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The widespread use of the term "American imperialism" must be counted among the more significant features of the post-1945 political world.
		...negotiations, the rivalry, the wheeling-and-dealing that took place from 1945 on between the newly arrived nuclear superpower and the leading, albeit steeply declining, imperial power of the period...
		...And even today there is something strange in ascribing imperial proclivities to a nation which, to say the least, hardly possesses that sense of imperial destiny, that overriding moral purpose, that unconditional commitment, which we normally associate with empires and empire builders...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V84I2P76-1.htm (1491 words)

	Imperial College London - Imperial-News 110
		Imperial researchers report this week they have solved the structure of the molecular reaction centre that plants use to split water during photosynthesis.
		Catapult designers were the celebrity scientists of the ancient world, according to new research by Dr Serafina Cuomo of Imperial's Centre of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine.
		In a letter to the Times (02/02/04) Dr Williams writes: "If Ms Aguilera went rowing across the Atlantic in the middle of winter, wearing nothing but nipple caps and a G-string, she would be no more susceptible to catching a cold than if she remained tucked up in bed with her favourite book.
	www.imperial.ac.uk /P5197.htm (682 words)

	Commercial Policy in the Age of Laissez-faire.
		Through a period of national protection and then a period of Imperial Preference, commercial union with the United States was never very far away in the minds of Canadian policy makers.
		Imperial commercial union, with a common tariff against the rest of the world, was a different matter.
		Imperial preference in Canadian markets could be presented as a step towards free trade, and it would not upset protectionist members of the League.
	www.upei.ca /~rneill/canechist/topic_17.html (5635 words)

	The British Century: Imperial glory
		The electorate was right; in the long term open markets were healthier for British industry than "imperial preference", though it would take most of the century for manufacturers to embrace the ethos of whole-hearted competition.
		Imperial preference had, however, a subtler and ultimately more subversive effect.
		The legacy descends from the turn of this century with the 19th, when the members of Britain's imperial class did indeed feel themselves to be, not without reason, Lords of the Universe.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/12/25/tlcent02.html (1064 words)

	The Project Gutenberg eBook of Liberalism and the Social Problem, by Winston Spencer Churchill
		I lay it down, without hesitation, that no fair system of Imperial preference can be established which does not include taxes on bread, on meat, on that group of food-stuffs classified under the head of dairy produce, on wool and leather, and on other necessaries of industry.
		The preferences which have hitherto been accorded to the Mother Country by the self-governing States of the British Empire are free preferences.
		If preference does not mean better prices it seems to me a great fraud on those who are asked to make sacrifices to obtain it; and by "better" prices I mean higher prices—that is to say, higher prices than the goods are worth, if sold freely in the markets of the world.
	www.gutenberg.org /files/18419/18419-h/18419-h.htm (15632 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 50 - 14 February, 1934 - In Committee on Finance. - Financial Resolution.
		I am not quite sure how this is going to work in relation to this matter, but it seems to me that this means that in the case of each individual country or item from that country, a special arrangement has to be made with regard to it.
		Cosgrave: My recollection is that in one particular case we gave a preference on a large number of items and received a preference, or a promise of preference, in respect of three.
		The point I am at is that while we may give a lot of paper preferences, the question as to what the actual preferences are and what they amount to is another matter altogether.
	historical-debates.oireachtas.ie /D/0050/D.0050.193402140027.html (1853 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 Empire - Preferences
		It caused a damning schism in the governing Tory party and a future prime minister crossed the floor to become a Liberal.
		There were three connecting elements in the debate: the ideas of a Greater Britain, Imperial Defence and in the centre, Free Trade.
		The Free Trade movement opposed the spread of Imperial preference, William Farrer Ecroyd MP was a passionate free-trader...
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/empire/episodes/episode_78.shtml (756 words)

	TIME.com: Imperial Conference -- Oct. 22, 1923 -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The major discussion at the past week's session of the Imperial Conference (of the Dominions, at London) was that of Imperial Preference.
		In 1907, when the first Imperial Conference took place, it was clearly recognized that, owing to the state of exhaustion of many great markets and the clearly defined international tendency toward economic self-containment, the British Empire would have to create within its own borders new markets and so develop Imperial commerce.
		That is what the Imperial Conference is now discussing and why Imperial Preference is necessary to the economic welfare of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,750932,00.html (612 words)

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