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Topic: Imperial War Cabinet


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In the News (Wed 16 Dec 09)

  
 Imperial War Cabinet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Imperial War Cabinet was created by British Prime Minister David Lloyd George in the spring of 1917 as a means of co-ordinating the British Empire's military policy during the First World War.
In 1917 the Imperial War Conference passed a resolution regarding a future special Imperial Conference to readjust the relations of the component parts of the Empire.
Winston Churchill revived the Imperial War Cabinet during the Second World War at the insistence of Australian Prime Minister John Curtin.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imperial_War_Cabinet   (212 words)

  
 Imperial Conferences - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Imperial Conferences were gatherings of British Empire government leaders in London in 1887, 1897, 1902, 1907, 1911, 1921, 1923, 1926, 1930 and 1937.
The conference of 1930 came to conclusion to remove the legislative supremacy of the British Parliament as it was expressed through the Colonial Laws Validity Act, and recommended a declaratory enactment of the United Kingdom Parliament, passed with the consent of the Dominions.
The Statute of Westminster 1931 was enacted by the imperial Parliament in pursuance of that recommendation.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Imperial_Conferences   (217 words)

  
 Patricia A. Ferguson: Fighting on All Fronts Leo Amery and the First World War
He became an enthusiastic disciple of imperial unity, believing that the empire should be transformed into a commonwealth of sister nations under allegiance to the British crown, with England as primus inter pares rather that the mother country for whose benefit the dominions and colonies existed.
Although Asquith and his cabinet's liberal imperialism kept them from being direct heirs of Gladstone, the government's policy of free trade, their traditional views on the dangers of military preparedness and government by amateurs, and their tendency to "muddle through" in all areas seemed anachronistic and ill-suited to the quickened pace of the twentieth century.
At any rate, from early in the war Lloyd George was exasperated by the diverse strategies of the various Allied forces, the intransigence of the "Westerners," the veil of secrecy which the War Office inevitably threw over the generals' deliberations, and their implacable opposition to a civilian running the war.
etext.virginia.edu /journals/EH/EH35/ferg1.html   (9459 words)

  
 MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Robert Borden
An immediate showdown in the cabinet was avoided, but not until 1916 could Borden rely on the loyalty of his colleagues.
When war was declared, a War Measures Act was passed that put most of Parliament's power into the hands of the cabinet.
By the end of the war in 1918, more than 600,000 people were in the armed forces out of a population of 7,500,000.
encarta.msn.com /text_761577089___9/Robert_Borden.html   (1629 words)

  
 [No title]
World War I was fought by commanders far distant from the field of battle, men who had a fundamental misunderstanding of the new hardships of war.
Wars are usually lost (men being by collective nature slow to strategic thought), due to the time-condemned practice of fighting the last war with the new war's weaponry, technology, and tactics.
Also bearing striking resemblance to the Imperial War Cabinet of World War I was the fact that inferior naval commanders in the Mediterranean were appointed due to political connections with their superior diplomatic commanders, which created a sense of confusion in the chain of command (Mackesy 198-199).
www.iusb.edu /~journal/2001/pethick.html   (7789 words)

  
 Smuts, Jan Christiaan. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
In the South African War, Smuts commanded (1901–2) Boer guerrilla forces in the Cape Colony.
He was a member (1917–18) of the imperial war cabinet in London, and he signed the Treaty of Versailles.
He spent most of the war in London, where he had a high place in the British war councils, and he was very active in organizing the United Nations.
www.bartleby.com /65/sm/Smuts-Ja.html   (559 words)

  
 Lloyd George, David, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
Lloyd George immediately reorganized the structure of the government, creating a small war cabinet of five (which when attended also by representatives of the dominions and India became the Imperial war cabinet) and forming for the first time a cabinet secretariat.
His war policy was bold and aggressive, and, although he was often at odds with the military leaders, he was largely responsible for the unification of military command under Marshal Ferdinand Foch.
At the Paris Peace Conference (1919), Lloyd George exercised a moderating influence on both the harsh demands of Georges Clemenceau and the idealistic proposals of Woodrow Wilson, and to a large extent he shaped the final agreement (see Versailles, Treaty of).
www.bartleby.com /65/ll/LloydGeo.html   (600 words)

  
 speech by Arthur Meighen   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
During the war there developed what was known as the Imperial War Cabinet, a name to which some exception might be taken on the ground that it indicates really more than the assembly actually was.
The War Cabinet had to do with matters of high policy, with matters affecting foreign affairs and particularly with matters related to the united prosecution of the war on the part of all branches of the Empire.
In passing, I may say that provision was made by the Imperial War Cabinet whereby any of the British Dominions might have a minister of its Government present at all sessions of that Cabinet, between its plenary sessions, dealing with war matters.
collections.ic.gc.ca /discourspm/anglais/ame/2704921e.html   (1432 words)

  
 Service of Supply WWII Encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
During World War II, he commanded (1943–44) the U.S. 5th Army in N Africa and in Italy, became (1944) Allied commander in Italy, and was promoted (1945) to full general.
In World War II he was responsible for the total air war waged by Germany; his immense popularity in Germany declined after the Allied air forces, contrary to Goering’s emphatic predictions, began to lay Germany to waste.
During the years between the wars, he commanded submarines, destroyers, and was skipper of the cruiser Augusta, and had a desk job in Washington.
www.serviceofsupply.com /EncyclopediaPage.htm   (8086 words)

  
 MSN Encarta - Smuts, Jan Christiaan
During the Boer War (1899-1902) between the British and the Boer (Afrikaner) republics north of the Cape Colony, he fought on the Boer side, but later advocated cooperation with Britain.
He was instrumental in securing self-government under British rule for the defeated Boers (1907) and in arranging the merger of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State with Natal and the Cape Colony to form the Union of South Africa (1910).
During World War I Smuts commanded British imperial forces in East Africa (1916-17), represented South Africa in Britain's Imperial War Cabinet (1917-18), and helped plan the organization of the League of Nations.
encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/refarticle.aspx?refid=761566462   (271 words)

  
 The Imperial Strategist - South African Military History Society - Journal
On 23 March 1917, Smuts told the British and Dominion leaders during a meeting of the Imperial War Cabinet that, although a stalemate was 'unthinkable,' it was unwise to attempt to beat Germany flat.
Despite the negative reaction of the Imperial War Cabinet to Smuts's opposition to the fighting of the war to its bitter end, his words seemed to have had an impact.
Instead the war rushed to a conclusion, and the Germans were given cause to claim that they were the victims of Allied skulduggery and a 'dictated' peace.
rapidttp.com /milhist/vol054dw.html   (10547 words)

  
 The World at War
Menzies spent four months in mid-1941 touring the war zones of the Middle East and in Britain where he was a member of Winston Churchill’s Imperial War Cabinet.
He was a strong anti-communist and he had advocated this prior to World War 2 and again attempted to outlaw and dissolve the Australian Communist Party in 1951.
The new Queen of England came to Australia in early February 1954, and amongst her many Royal duties after travelling the country, Queen Elizabeth II unveiled the 67metre high aluminium shaft of the American War Memorial and later that night was guest of honour at a Commonwealth Banquet hosted by Menzies in Canberra.
worldatwar.net /biography/m/menzies   (1404 words)

  
 First World War.com - Who's Who - Billy Hughes
His vigorous determination to prosecute the war to the fullest made him the unanimous choice to succeed Fisher in October 1915 upon the latter's resignation as Prime Minister.
Hughes travelled to London again in April 1918 to attend the Imperial War Cabinet and was in London when the armistice was agreed.
He joined the United Australia Party in the 1930s and held numerous cabinet posts under the administrations of Joseph Lyons and Sir Robert Menzies, the former of whom he criticised for not preparing sufficiently for war with Germany.
www.firstworldwar.com /bio/hughes.htm   (730 words)

  
 Jan Smuts
During the Boer War (1899-1902) Smuts established himself as a guerrilla leader of exceptional talent.
Smuts worked closely with Winston Churchill during the Second World War and was the only man to sign the peace treaties at the end of both wars.
Though Smuts had predicted how the air war would develop as long ago as 1917, I could see that he was astounded by what I showed him at Bomber Command; it was then that he realised in full for the first time what our bomber offensive meant to the war as a whole.
www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWsmuts.htm   (878 words)

  
 THE CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT IN THE FACE OF ENEMY ATTACK- THE BRITISH EXPERIENCE
In January 1939 the Committee of Imperial Defence reaffirmed the assumption that the seat of Government would be in Whitehall at the outbreak of war, and remain there as long as physically possible.
It was used during the War by the War Office, and is now part of the Defence Communications Centre beneath the Ministry of Defence.
While the policy of staying put had been the right one for the Second World War- though the V-bomb campaign caused a brief revival of interest in dispersal- any future conflict would not allow the option of staying in a capital certain to be subject to nuclear bombardment in the event of an all-out war.
www.geocities.com /noelcox/Continuity_of_Government.htm   (5533 words)

  
 Smuts, Jan   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
After the start of the Boer War and the fall of Pretoria in June 1900, Smuts took to the field and led a Boer unit in the area of Vereeniging and Potchefstroom.
Before joining the war on the British side, Premier Botha and Smuts had to put down an open rebellion in South Africa by units of their armed forces and some influential veterans of the Boer War.
He resigned the War Cabinet in December 1918 and in late June 1919 he and Premier Botha signed the Treaty of Versailles.
www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/bio/s/smuts.html   (597 words)

  
 Imperial Crown --  Encyclopædia Britannica   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
The imperial state crown, worn by the monarch on state occasions, was designed for the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838.
He piloted through the Imperial Conference of 1917 a resolution that Canada and the other dominions within the British Empire “should be recognized as autonomous...
Discussion of the end of the Warring States period, the imperial era, and the era of disunity.
www.britannica.com /eb/article-9042209?tocId=9042209   (824 words)

  
 Yale University Library: British Studies
Cabinet memoranda were the papers circulated to members of the Cabinet by individual ministers before the discussion of major problems or questions of policy.
The material includes minutes of War Council meetings, War Committee meetings, and meetings of the Committee of Imperial Defense.
The records consist of volumes 1-55 of the War Cabinet meetings, 1939-1945.
www.library.yale.edu /rsc/history/history/britstud/Britstud/Government/Cabinet_Office.htm   (641 words)

  
 Milner's Kindergarten, 1897-1910
During the war, Buchan was a correspondent for The Times, wrote Nelson's History of the Great War in twenty-four volumes (1915-1919), was the military intelligence in France (1916-1917), and finally was Director of Information for the War Office (1917-1918).
He did not believe that complete and immediate freedom and democracy could be given to the various parts of the imperial system, but felt that they could only be extended to these parts in accordance with their ability to develop to a level where they were capable of exercising such privileges.
During the war he was one of the most famous of Boer generals, yet, when negotiations for peace began, it was he who drew up the proposal to accept the British terms without delay.
www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/2807/histmilner.html   (16520 words)

  
 World's guard against anarchy
As soon as the war is over the process of oblivion sets in," Lord Robert Cecil wrote as World War I drew to an end.
Cecil was a member of Britain's Imperial War Cabinet and the organisation he hoped could prevent another such war was the League of Nations.
For all the fine words of the Charter, the UN is still mainly about preventing another major war between the great powers (and as many other wars as possible).
www.informationclearinghouse.info /article9303.htm   (733 words)

  
 Research Guide: Irish History - Boston College
"This series consists of the minutes and conclusions of the War Cabinet, December 1916 to October 1919, and of the Cabinet, from November 1919 to September 1939 including the conclusions noted in the Secretary's File.
Conclusions of meetings of British representatives to conference with Sinn Fein delegation, 1921, and of meetings of British signatories to the treaty with Ireland, held in 1922, with fuller reports of certain of the latter.
Cabinet papers: complete classes from the CAB and PREM series in the Public Record Office.
www.bc.edu /libraries/research/guides/s-irishhistory   (3150 words)

  
 Imperial War Museum
The original location of the Imperial War Museum was the Crystal Palace, located at the top of Sydenham Hill.
The museum was founded there in 1917 to commemorate those who died during the First World War.
The museum features a collection of military vehicles, weapons, war memorabilia, a library, a photographic archive, and an art collection.
www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/i/im/imperial_war_museum.html   (223 words)

  
 First World War.com - Who's Who - Sir Eric Geddes
Geddes left the admiralty in early 1918 but retained his post in Lloyd George's Imperial War Cabinet until the end of the war.
After the war Geddes continued in public positions, gaining dubious renown for his policy of expenditure cuts in the civil service in 1922 (the so-called 'Geddes Axe').
A "creeping barrage" is an artillery bombardment in which a 'curtain' of artillery fire moves toward the enemy ahead of the advancing troops and at the same speed as the troops.
www.firstworldwar.com /bio/geddes_eric.htm   (421 words)

  
 Borden   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
Following the advent of war, Borden -- as Jane Plotke has noted -- undertook a technological revolution in governance and sailed to Britain, from which he maintained contact with his cabinet via transatlantic cable while he kept an eye upon the conduct of the war.
He voiced openly his irritation that the Dominions had not even been consulted regarding the momentous decisions of July-August 1914; throughout the war his was regarded as a significant voice on behalf of the other, farther-removed Dominions.
Borden played a prominent role in Imperial cabinets and conferences and in the effort to construct a single Imperial foreign and trade policy.
www.lib.byu.edu /estu/wwi/bio/b/borden.html   (353 words)

  
 Search Results
As bombs rained down on London in 1940, Winston Churchill and his War Cabinet met in The Cabinet War Rooms.
Shortly after becoming Prime Minister in May 1940, Winston Churchill visited the Cabinet War Rooms to see for himself what preparations had been made to allow him and his War Cabinet to continue working throughout the expected air raids on London.
It was there, in the underground Cabinet Room which had been prepared for him, that he announced 'This is the room from which I will direct the war'.
www.iwm.org.uk /cabinet.htm   (470 words)

  
 Welcome to the Imperial War Museum
The wars of the twentieth century have affected each and every one of us in some way, and the Imperial War Museum is here to tell all our stories, covering all aspects of life in wartime.
The Imperial War Museum North is now open.
Supported by The Big Lottery Fund and led by the Imperial War Museum, Their Past Your Future includes a wide range of activity for all ages, throughout the UK.
www.iwm.org.uk   (344 words)

  
 S-Europe - Boston College
A comprehensive collection of articles by subject specialists in European history from the Renaissance to the Post World War II Era.
The Cold War International History Project disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War, in particular new findings from previously inaccessible sources from the former Communist world.
Some of the files relating to the Peace Conference (1919 to 1920) are those of the Paris Office of the War Cabinet.
www.bc.edu /libraries/research/guides/s-europe   (1514 words)

  
 Imperial War Cabinet - Canadian Heritage Gallery
Click here to view a larger picture; to return, use your browser's back button.
The Imperial War Cabinet, 1917-1918, with Borden sitting third from the right in the front row and British Prime Minister Lloyd George next left to him.
You can order reproductions of this image as a Print, suitable for framing, produced on 38# photo-quality paper.
www.canadianheritage.org /reproductions/20846.htm   (129 words)

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