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	Impressment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Impressment (colloquially, "press-ganging") is the act of conscripting people to serve as sailors.
		Impressment sometimes forced sailors to serve on navy ships when they did not want to, but on the other hand, it also gave them an exit from their engagement with merchant ships, with full back-salary paid by the merchant.
		Impressment, particularly press gangs, were consistently unpopular with the British public (as well as the American colonies), and local officials often acted against them, to the point of imprisoning officers from the Impressment Service or opposing them by force of arms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Impressment (774 words)

	Impressment - LoveToKnow 1911
		IMPRESSMENT, the name given in English to the exercise of the authority of the state to "press" 1 or compel the service of the subject for the defence of the realm.
		In England impressment may be looked upon as an erratic, and often oppressive, way of enforcing the common obligation to serve in "the host" or in the posse comitatus (power of the county).
		If compulsory service in the fleet should again become necessary it will not be in the form of the old system of impressment, which left the sailor subject to compulsory service from the age of eighteen to fifty-five, and flooded the navy with the scum of the jails and the workhouse.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Impressment (1509 words)

	impressment. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In England, impressment began as early as the Anglo-Saxon period and was used extensively under Elizabeth I, Charles I, and Oliver Cromwell.
		In Prussia, impressment was introduced by Frederick William I after 1713, laying the groundwork for Prussian military power in the 18th cent.
		After 1800 impressment tended to become a means of enforcing conscription, and it fell into disuse after 1850.
	www.bartleby.com /65/im/impressm.html (333 words)

	Impressment info sheet
		Impressment was a long standing authority from the state for the recruitment to military service, either on land or on sea.
		Impressment was used as far back as Elizabethan times when this form of recruitment became a statute and later the Vagrancy Act 1597, men of disrepute (usually homeless vagrants) could be drafted into service.
		Impressment was last used in Britain during the Napoleonic wars of 1803-1815.
	www.royalnavalmuseum.org /info_sheet_impressment.htm (770 words)

	Research guide M2: Press gangs and impressment: NMM PORT
		Impressment was the compulsory recruitment of men to the Navy by parties of seamen commanded by officers, known as a 'press gang'.
		Impressment lasted until the end of the Napoleonic Wars because the administrative resources of the state could find no better way of providing men for the ships.
		Miscellaneous papers mainly relating to the impressment of seamen and the case of Sir Thomas Pye, 1757.
	www.port.nmm.ac.uk /research/m2.html (1201 words)

	Impressment
		In England, impressment was historically employed by the army and navy, but by the 19th century it was commonly used only by the navy.
		The impressment issue grew to crisis proportions during the Napoleonic Wars in the early 19th century.
		Impressment did not always work well for the British; it tended to fill her crews with unhappy men who were primed for mutiny.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h456.html (254 words)

	Confederate States of America. War Dept. Communication from Secretary of War. Nov. 28, 1864. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This Department, in ordering the impressments under the circumstances before mentioned, in conformity to the request of the commanding General, and according to his plan, had some reference to the powers that belonged to him, under the conditions that have been disclosed.
		The act provided for the equalizing of the burden, as nearly as may be, among the several counties, cities and towns of the Commonwealth; for the hire to be paid; the obligations to be incurred by the Confederate Government; and for the manner of the collection and delivery of the slaves.
		In that event the Governor is authorized, with the aid of certain specified officers of the county to make an impressment of the slaves demanded from the county by agents of his selection.
	docsouth.unc.edu /wardeptnov28/nov28.html (1203 words)

	IMPRESSMENT - Online Information article about IMPRESSMENT
		England impressment may be looked upon as an erratic, and often oppressive, way of enforcing the See also:
		Highlands, and where the state was weak, impressment was originally little known.
		system of impressment, which left the sailor subject to compulsory service from the age of eighteen to fifty-five, and flooded the navy with the scum of the jails and the workhouse.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /I27_INV/IMPRESSMENT.html (2236 words)

	Amazon.com: impressment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shakespeare and the cultural impressment of Ireland (William Shakespeare): (Dissertation) by Robin E. Bates (Jun 1, 2006)
		M.P: On the subject of impressment; calling on him and the philanthropists of this country to prove those feelings of...
		On the great evils of impressment,: And its mischievous effects in the royal navy and the merchant ships, with the great benefits to the seamen, bestowed...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&search-alias=aps&keywords=impressment&page=1 (526 words)

	Confederate States of America. Adjutant and Inspector-General's Office. Circular ... [concerning the employment of free ...
		And all impressments under this Act shall be taken in equal ratio from all owners in the same locality, city, county or district.
		All claims for the enrollment and impressment and hire of slaves, will be paid at this office, to which all communication connected with this department must be addressed.
		Should you find parties so unpatriotic as to endeavor to evade the impressment by representing to you a less number than their required quota, you are hereby authorized to have all such parties sworn to the truth of their statements and representations.
	docsouth.unc.edu /imls/circular/circular.html (2060 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for impressment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		impressment IMPRESSMENT [impressment] forcible enrollment of recruits for military duty.
		In England, impressment began as early as the Anglo-Saxon period and was used extensively under
		Jay's Treaty JAY'S TREATY [Jay's Treaty] concluded in 1794 between the United States and Great Britain to settle difficulties arising mainly out of violations of the Treaty of Paris of 1783 and to regulate commerce and navigation.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/23039.html (693 words)

	Bibliography series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		An Impartial Examination of the Case of Captain Isaac Phillips, Late of the Navy, and Commander of the United States Sloop of War Baltimore and Compiled from Original Documents and Records, with the Proceedings upon His Application to be Restored to His Rank in the United States Navy.
		British impressment of fifty-five sailors from USS Baltimore on 16 November 1798.
		"Impressment and Anglo-American Discord, 1787-1818." Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan, 1976.
	www.history.navy.mil /biblio/biblio4/biblio4k.htm (223 words)

	NARA - Genealogists/Family Historians - Records About Impressed Seamen, 1793-1814
		If the impressment occurred on the high seas, it was to be reported to the collector of customs at the first U.S. port at which the vessel arrived.
		These officials were required to periodically report to the Secretary of State "an account of such impressments or detentions, as shall appear, by the protests of the masters, to have taken place." Vessel masters were further required by the act to transmit a copy of the protest directly to the Secretary of State.
		the manner of such impressment or detention, by whom made, together with the name and place of residence of the person impressed or detained; distinguishing also, whether he was an American citizen; and if not, to what nation he belonged.
	www.archives.gov /genealogy/military/1812/impressed-seamen-1793-to-1814.html (1188 words)

	Chapter 6: The War of 1812
		The pretext for impressment was the search for deserters, who, the British claimed, had taken employment on American vessels.
		In the latter case the maritime interests of the eastern seaboard protested vigorously and demanded naval protection, but rather than risk having their highly profitable trade cut off by war with England they were willing to take an occasional loss of cargo.
		Impressment, on the other hand, presented no such financial hardship to the shipowners, whatever the consequences for the unfortunate seamen, and the maritime interests tended to minimize it.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/amh/amh-06.htm (8946 words)

	The Mariners' Museum : Birth of the U.S. Navy
		President Jefferson reportedly said that though the British had committed many crimes against the United States that were cause for war, none had so unified the American public since the attack on Lexington in 1775.
		To underscore this resolve, Jefferson signed an official decree on July 2, 1807, ordering all British vessels out of American waters, and followed it three days later by a call for 100,000 militia men to be mobilized to enforce his decree.
		The embargo was a defensive measure to prevent the United States from being dragged into a war that it was ill prepared to fight, but Jefferson and his secretary of state, James Madison, saw the embargo as an offensive use of economic coercion.
	www.mariner.org /usnavy/08/08c.htm (541 words)

	impressment - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		IMPRESSMENT [impressment] forcible enrollment of recruits for military duty.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "impressment" at HighBeam.
		The untold story of noncriminal habeas corpus and the 1996 Immigration Acts.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/i/impressm.asp (497 words)

	Vshadow: Taxation, Confiscation, and Speculation in Augusta
		1: "Impressment of Supplies." The editor responds to an editorial from the Spectator, which stated that farmers would not grow more than their families needed unless they had some guarantee against or compensation for impressment of their harvest.
		He calls on farmers to distribute their crops at reduced rates or free to these people and on all people to look out for one another so that husbands and fathers in the field may know their loved ones are not suffering unnecessarily.
		5: "For the Spectator: A Homily on the Times." Writer argues that the impressment of goods and other violations of civil liberties are necessary wartime measures to counteract the avarice of exploiters and speculators who would starve the army with their greed.
	valley.vcdh.virginia.edu /Browser2/aubrowser/au.file.taxation.html (1491 words)

	Civil War Letter, 1861 Sept 17. Michael Harman. Quartermaster, Staunton, Virginia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Major Corly [Corby] the quarter Master for the north west being stationed off your line at Hardy [V_] the business in that Department from some cause is badly arranged on the Monterey line, for instance I have sent out thousands of bags with grain and c and not one has ever been returned for supplies.
		I have again been compelled to commence the impressments of wagons and pledge the farmers that their teams shall only be kept one trip.
		My object in writing to you direct, is to ask the favor of you to direct the return of all the bags and also all the wagons and teams that can be spared.
	www.vmi.edu /ARCHIVES/manuscripts/ms039704.html (314 words)

	Digital History
		The European war pitting an alliance of monarchies led by Britain against Napoleonic France was a source of immense profits for Americans, who, John Adams quipped, lined their pockets while Europeans slit each others throats.
		Here, John Marshall refers to one form of retaliation: the British practice of "impressment." The British navy, desperate for sailors, claimed the right to stop neutral ships on the high seas, remove seamen alleged to be British subjects, and impress them into the British navy.
		The United States therefore require positively, that their seamen who are not British subjects, whether born in America, shall be exempt from impressments.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /documents/documents_p2.cfm?doc=361 (176 words)

	AllRefer.com - impressment (Political Science: Terms And Concepts) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - impressment (Political Science: Terms And Concepts) - Encyclopedia
		impressment, forcible enrollment of recruits for military duty.
		Impressment was used in many countries as a method of ridding society of undesirables.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/I/impressm.html (404 words)

	The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
		Discusses violations of Jay's Treaty (concluded in 1794 between the United States and Great Britain), including impressment, debts, and seizure of goods during the Napoleonic Wars.
		Full Text: The United States therefore require positively, that their seamen who are not British subjects, whether born in America, shall be exempt from impressments.
		The case of British subjects, whether naturalized or not, is more questionable; but the right even to impress them is denied.
	www.gilderlehrman.org /search/display_results.php?id=GLC02539 (177 words)

	Dear Mr. President
		The British were hostile to Americans because they were worried that the United States would start supporting France's war efforts in Europe against Great Britain.
		Impressment meant that the British would take sailors from American ships at sea and force them to serve in the British Royal Navy.
		Great Britain claimed that they were only after men who had deserted the Navy during the Revolutionary War; however, it was clear that many American sailors were being wrongfully forced into service.
	www.winslowpress.com /dearmrpresident/dmp2/prompts.cfm?id=36 (246 words)

	Broadside. The Press Gang
		Although the system of impressment seems harsh and arbitrary to us now, at the time it was accepted if not popular.
		The civil authorities on shore would often do everything in their power to disrupt the operations of the Press Gang.
		The impressment of Americans was one of the factors that lead to the war of 1812.
	www.nelsonsnavy.co.uk /broadside7.html (1287 words)

	Military.com Content
		Macdonough was taken aboard a British ship and assigned sleeping quarters with a corporal of the guard.
		In part due to the British policy of impressment, the United States declared war on Great Britain in 1812.
		Macdonough offered his services to Secretary of the Navy Alexander Hamilton and was given command of a division of gunboats in disrepair.
	www.military.com /Content/MoreContent/1,12044,ML_macdonough_bkp,00.html (403 words)

	James Monroe
		The forms most approved, are certificates of birth, of baptism, of naturalization, or depositions taken before, and attested by, a justice of the peace, or notary public.
		Benjamin Babb, 33 years of age, impressed into the British ship Barbadoes, at Barbadoes, on the 1803, from on board a vessel called the Neptune, of [...], whereof, at the time of his impressment, James Minch was master, she being a United States vessel.
		The said Benjamin Babb is alleged to have belonged to Barrington, in the county of Rockingham and state of New Hampshire, and he says that he is known to William Babb, of Barrington.
	www.history.navy.mil /library/manuscript/monroe1813.htm (277 words)

	TrustWatch Search
		supplemented their militia and mercenary troops by impressment.
		Pressed Men : example of impressment of HMS Pandora crew in 1790...
		Meanwhile, Great Britain had begun that system of impressment of seamen from American merchant-vessels which was destined to result finally in...
	www.trustwatch.com /search?q=Impressment (200 words)

	The Ford Papers I
		Impressment of transportation orders to Lt. C B Gardiner
		Impressment of wagons for military use, 12 Jul 1864
		Impressment, arms, livestock, 40 artillery horses use for battery
	www.haleylibrary.com /research/fordpapersi.html (281 words)

	British impressment of american seaman
		Meanwhile, Great Britain had begun that system of impressment of seamen from American merchant-vessels which was destined to result finally in war between the two nations.
		Seriously in need of men to aid in her struggle with France, and now unable to buy them from the German duchies, as she had done in the American war, she claimed the right to take British seamen wherever found, and to stop and search vessels on the high seas.
		Eventually the seamen on American merchantmen were obliged to prove on the spot that they were to American birth, or be subject to impressment.
	www.publicbookshelf.com /public_html/The_Great_Republic_By_the_Master_Historians_Vol_II/britishim_jc.html (609 words)

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