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	Implications of Impulsivity for Substance Use
		Impulsivity in Gray's model is closely related to extraversion in Eysenck's model, whereas anxiety in Gray's model is closely related to neuroticism in Eysenck's model (Gray, 1987).
		Impulsivity thus appears to be the operative element in Eysenck's arousal theory of extraversion according to which extraverts are chronically under-aroused and in need of external stimulation in order to achieve optimal performance.
		Given the importance of impulsivity, it may be advisable for substance use researchers to assess impulsivity using measures such as (a) the impulsivity subscale that is part of the EPI extraversion scale or (b) the EPQ psychoticism scale, which includes many impulsivity items.
	www.personalityresearch.org /acton/impulsivity.html (4333 words)

	Behavioral and Brain Functions \| Full text \| Relationship between impulsivity, hyperactivity and working memory: a ...
		The concept of impulsivity covers a wide range of "actions that are poorly conceived, prematurely expressed, unduly risky, or inappropriate to the situation and that often result in undesirable consequences" [1].
		Impulsiveness and hyperactivity were tested in tasks covering different aspects of cognitive vs. motor impulsive behaviours that have all been clinically related to impulsivity.
		Impulsive behaviour that has negative consequences or that leads to a lower efficiency is related to poorly conceived or prematurely expressed actions, and could therefore be referred to as cognitive impulsivity.
	www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com /content/2/1/10 (7837 words)

	[No title]
		If impulsivity is indeed the critical individual-difference dimension, then studies comparing introverts and extraverts would sometimes (but not always) indicate reliable differences (because impulsivity and sociability are moderately correlated); moreover, the differences that are observed would tend to be weaker than those that would be evident if subjects were differentiated on the basis of impulsivity.
		An alternative hypothesis is that impulsivity is related to phase differences in diurnal arousal rhythms, and it is these diurnal variations in arousal (and not a stable attribute of impulsivity) that determine the capacity to sustain attention.
		In confirming previous suggestions that (a) impulsivity, not sociability, is the personality dimension that mediates arousal-related performance effects and (b) impulsivity is related to phase differences in diurnal arousal rhythms, the results of this project raise serious difficulties for several theoretical interpretations of the individual-difference dimension of impulsivity.
	www.personality-project.org /revelle/syllabi/classreadings/ar94/ar94.html (8081 words)

	Impulsivity - WrongDiagnosis.com
		The cause of Impulsivity may be more easily identified if other symptoms exist.
		When you follow a link to our interactive multiple symptoms page, you will be able to modify your list by adding and removing symptoms thus helping to better research your condition.
		This information refers to the general prevalence and incidence of these diseases, not to how likely they are to be the actual cause of Impulsivity.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /sym/impulsivity.htm (385 words)

	Measuring impulsivity in school-aged boys and examining its relationship with ADHD and ODD ratings Journal of Abnormal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Impulsivity appears to be a common characteristic of children exhibiting a variety of behavior problems.
		Overall, we may conclude that one of the problems that has beset the study of impulsivity is that different researchers have adopted different definitions and measures without precise knowledge of the relationships among them and what they are really measuring.
		(1994), an aggregated measure of impulsivity at ages 6 and 8 predicted maternal and self-ratings of externalizing behavior at ages 14-17.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0902/is_3_32/ai_n6076679 (981 words)

	American College of Orgonomy - Impulsivity and Its Bioenergetic Relationship to ADHD
		Reich's landmark study of impulsivity more than 70 years ago revealed it to be not merely a moral problem, "bad character," but rather an emotional defense accessible to character-analysis.
		Many character types demonstrate impulsivity, although it is not the central character mechanism as it is in the impulsive character.
		Impulsive children are a great challenge and require a tremendous commitment and effort on the part of family, teachers, and therapist.
	www.orgonomy.org /article_094p3.html (3113 words)

	WSAVA 2001 - Impulsivity in Dogs—Assessment and Treatment
		In veterinary medicine, impulsivity is commonly referred to aggressive behavior and can be defined as a reduction or a complete lack of warning signals previous to attack.
		Despite the evidence of the role of serotonin and other neurotransmitters in the manifestation of impulsive behavior, it should be remembered that a modification in the level of a certain neurotransmitter might be the cause as well as the effect of behavioral changes.
		Impulsivity and aggressive behavior have to be treated as complex behavior problems where both internal and external factors play an interactive role.
	www.vin.com /VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00028.htm (1253 words)

	PsychNotes
		Examining laboratory measured impulsivity (using the Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks) and its relationship to suicide attempt histories revealed that behavioral measures of impulsivity can be used to discriminate among groups (not suicidal, 1 suicide attempt, or multiple suicide attempts) based on suicidal histories among samples not currently exhibiting significant suicidal behaviors.
		Researchers evaluated the continuous versus dichotomous relationship between attempter impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and attempt impulsivity (low scores in the planning subscale of Beck's Suicidal Intent Scale) According to the authors, impulsivity in suicidal behavior can describe the attempt (state) or the attempter (trait).
		Impulsive attempts were associated with low lethality and lack of depression while suicide attempts in major depression require attentive monitoring of suicidal ideation and intent.
	radio.weblogs.com /0117471/2005/10/21.html (1057 words)

	Self-reported impulsivity is correlated with laboratory-measured escape behavior Journal of General Psychology - Find ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Lorr and Wunderlich (1985) proposed two main components/axes of impulsivity: (a) resisting urges (as opposed to succumbing to urges) and (b) responding immediately to a stimulus (as opposed to planning a response).
		Eysenck and Eysenck (1978) reported that impulsiveness was positively correlated with Eysenck's (1967) personality dimension of neuroticism (N); individuals scoring high in N are characterized by a lower threshold of behavioral response to stimuli (H. Eysenck & Eysenck, 1985).
		In the present study, we directly examined impulsivity and stimulus sensitivity by measuring the behavioral response of males aged 15-40 years to the disruption of reward-directed behavior by stimuli representing the loss of reward.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2405/is_n2_v125/ai_21240928 (863 words)

	PEN Model--Impulsivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Impulsivity could mediate performance on arousal-related tasks in either of two ways.
		Second, impulsivity could be related to diurnal arousal rhythms, with low impulsives becoming alert earlier in the day than high impulsives.
		If this is the case, then low impulsives should perform better than high impulsives in the morning, but this effect should be reversed in the evening.
	www.personalityresearch.org /pen/impulsivity.html (251 words)

	"ADHD.org.nz - Impulsivity" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		One of the three main symptoms of ADHD is impulsivity.
		Impulsivity is one of the three main symptoms of ADHD, the other two are: hyperactivity and inattention.
		The information presented is of a general nature and is not a substitute for professional medical or legal advice.
	www.adhd.org.nz /Impulse1.html (207 words)

	Impulsivity - Acting on Impulse, What Is Overly Impulsive Behavior?
		Impulsivity (IM-pul-SIV-i-tee) is the general term used to describe a tendency to act quickly, often without thinking or caring about the consequences.
		To understand impulsivity, it is important to understand the word "impulse," which can be used in two different, although related, ways.
		For instance, a greater than normal level of impulsivity is associated with the condition known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
	www.humanillnesses.com /Behavioral-Health-Fe-Mu/Impulsivity.html (783 words)

	David Woody's Attention Deficit Disorder Thesis (Page 1 of 2)
		What did not make sense was that impulsivity seem to imply a mechanism or method to achieved a goal and distractibility seem to define a state of being.
		If there was a connection between the two then distractibility had to be a condition of impulsivity and impulsivity had to be a mechanism of distractibility.
		The impulsivity of the left cortex is design to create distance between points A and B, therefore the hyperactivity it produces looks very different or just the opposite.
	members.tripod.com /~ADhd/theory1.html (3723 words)

	ISRI — International Society for Research on Impulsivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The purpose of this society is to foster international research collaboration on impulsivity and its psychiatric and social consequences.
		Impulsivity has been variously defined as human behavior without adequate thought, the tendency to act with less forethought than do most individuals of equal ability and knowledge, or a predisposition toward rapid, unplanned reactions to internal or external stimuli without regard to the negative consequences of these reactions.
		Impulsivity is implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders including Mania, Personality Disorders, and Substance Use Disorders; yet, there is significant disagreement among researchers and clinicians regarding the exact definition of impulsivity and how it should be measured.
	www.impulsivity.org (232 words)

	Helping a Child with Impulsivity
		Impulsivity narrows a child’s perceptions, making it difficult for them to see the “big picture.” It acts as a blindfold with a tiny hole in it.
		One of the ways that kids burn off their impulsivity is through physical activity, listening to music, playing video games, walking out of the house when you are trying to have a conversation with them, and so on.
		The more that we can designate the steps that lead to their acting out and impulsivity, the more able they will be to see it coming, and take preventive action before the point of no return.
	www.comeunity.com /disability/adhd/adhd-impulsivity.html (719 words)

	Impulsivity/Reflexivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Impulsivity is the tendency to respond quickly without thinking about the answer.
		One study found a greater variability of performance in individuals who were characterized as high impulsives, using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale.
		Chat rooms will encourage impulsivity, but are useful for situations in which thinking quickly without self-criticism is an asset.
	www.usd.edu /~ssanto/impulsiv.html (170 words)

	Altered Profiles of Spontaneous Novelty Seeking, Impulsive Behavior, and Response to D-Amphetamine in Rats Perinatally ...
		Impulsivity can be defined in several ways, including a) the "failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation" (Evenden 1999); b) responding without consideration of alternatives and/or consequences; or c) behaving in a way that is adequate to the environmental contingency.
		Impulsivity, defined as a reduced ability to tolerate a delay of gratification (Evenden 1999), has been studied in rats by means of various procedures, providing a choice between a large but delayed food reinforcement versus a smaller and immediate one (Bizot et al.
		This effect was possibly determined via a different mechanism from that controlling impulsivity, because BPA exposure had no effect upon behavior of adult females in the impulsivity test or in the open-field test.
	www.ehponline.org /members/2003/5856/5856.html (6229 words)

	American College of Orgonomy - Impulsivity and Its Bioenergetic Relationship to ADHD
		Reich's landmark study of the impulsive character more than seventy years ago stands applicable today as a solid basis from which to understand the emotional dynamics of impulsivity (4).
		While addressing J's impulsivity in his individual sessions, it was also essential to improve the emotional environment at home and change the family dynamics that perpetuated his behavior.
		Over the course of the first months of her therapy, J's mother began to see how his impulsive behavior was aggravated whenever she gave in to his demands.
	www.orgonomy.org /article_094.html (3467 words)

	Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: What is Impulsivity?
		This impulsivity is the result of the brain's decreased ability to inhibit.
		ADHD er's with behavioral impulsivity act without thinking first, cut in line, can't wait their turn in line or in a game, blurt out answers in class, speak when they're supposed to be quiet, maybe show aggressive behaviors, are often a little too loud, and sometimes fights.
		One with cognitive impulsivity is impulsive at the neurological level.
	infobluebook.com /parenting/1952.php (1425 words)

	Impulsivity definition - Healthy Kids and Pediatrics - health and medical information produced by doctors
		People who are overly impulsive, seem unable to curb their immediate reactions or think before they act.
		Their impulsivity may make it hard for a child to wait for things they want or to take their turn in games.
		Impulsivity is a characteristic feature of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder).
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=22330 (174 words)

	Impulsivity: Theory, Assessment, an Treatment
		"Impulsivity is an important and impressive collection of state of the art reviews on theoretic al, empirical, and clinical aspects of impulsivity, and the technology for its assessment and treatment.
		Impulsivity should be required reading for all doctoral students in clinical psychology and related fields; and many practicing clinicians and other professionals who are concerned with impulsive individuals will find the book to be well worth reading and having on their shelves."
		Impulsivity features prominently in contemporary descriptions of many psychiatric disorders, and is also a key element in the clinical risk assessment of violence.
	www.guilford.com /cgi-bin/cartscript.cgi?page=pd/webster.htm&cart_id=405023.26649 (671 words)

	Amazon.com: Impulsivity: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment: Books: Christopher D. Webster,Margaret A. Jackson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		"Impulsivity: Perspectives, Policy, and Practice is an important and impressive collection of state-of-the-art reviews on theoretical, empirical, and clinical aspects of impulsivity, and the technology for its assessment and treatment.
		This book gives a lucid and readable account of the state of professional knowledge on impulsivity, then delivers a series of thoughtful and practical analyses of the implications and applications of this knowledge.
		It is a very well written, wide-ranging, informative, and useful exploration of the nature, assessment, and treatment of impulsive antisocial behavior in adults and older adolescents.
	www.amazon.com /Impulsivity-Assessment-Treatment-Christopher-Webster/dp/1572302259 (1857 words)

	The Impulsive Client: Theory, Research, and Treatment - APA Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This volume is an anthology of diverse research and theories on impulsive behavior and explores why people differ in impulsivity and the implications for psychological treatment.
		The Impulsive Client presents what is known about psychobiological factors and assesses inheritance and learning as sources of impulsivity.
		It offers two "firsts" - the first look at chaos theory applied to impulsivity and the first systematic treatment of impulsive behavior in eating disorders - and examines impulsivity's role in one of society's most pressing problems, substance abuse.
	www.apa.org /books/4317390.html (166 words)

	American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. - Impulsivity and Compulsivity
		The spectrum model is consistent with a dimensional model for psychopathology and considers the dynamic interaction of biopsychosocial forces in the development of impulsive and compulsive disorders.
		Differential diagnosis, comorbidity of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum of disorders, and assessment by the seven-factor model of temperament and character are discussed.
		Chapters are also dedicated to the antianxiety function of impulsivity and compulsivity, defense mechanisms in impulsive disorders versus obsessive-compulsive disorders, and the unique aspects of psychotherapy with impulsive and compulsive patients.
	www.appi.org /book.cfm?id=8676 (577 words)

	Wiley::Neurobiology and Clinical Views on Aggression and Impulsivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Interrelations among Anxiety, Depression, Aggression, Impulsivity and Suicidality: An Evaluation of the Comorbidity Concept (R. Plutchik and H. van Praag).
		Impulsivity and Aggression in Children wih ADHD (J. Halperin and J. Newcorn).
		Genetic and Environmental Influences on Aggression and Impulsivity (C. Bergeman and A. Seroczynski).
	www.wiley.com /WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-047198101X,descCd-tableOfContents.html (307 words)

	Relationship between 5-HT function and impulsivity and aggression in male offenders with personality disorders -- DOLAN ...
		Composite impulsivity and aggression measures tended to correlate
		Impulsivity tended to correlate with anxiety and depression
		Fishbein, D. H., Lozovsky, D. and Jaffe, J. Impulsivity, aggression, and neuroendocrine responses to serotonergic stimulation in substance abusers.
	bjp.rcpsych.org /cgi/content/full/178/4/352 (4090 words)

	Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 6558 : Impulsivity, risk taking and recreational 'ecstasy' (MDMA) use : Butler GK, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Impulsiveness, venturesomeness and novelty seeking behaviour increased from the non-drug users to high ecstasy users.
		Ecstasy users (low and high) and polydrug (non-ecstasy) users had higher levels of impulsivity, venturesomeness and novelty seeking behaviour compared with non-drug users.
		The findings are discussed in relation to: (i) the possibility that increased impulsivity pre-dated drug use; and (ii) the possible link between impulsivity and the putative serotonergic neurotoxicity of ecstasy.
	www.erowid.org /references/refs_view.php?ID=6558 (274 words)

	Training (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Waldrop’s research interests are in the areas of comorbidity of cocaine dependence and PTSD, the role of impulsivity in risky behaviors, HIV risk behaviors, and associations between stress reactivity and addiction.
		The specific aims of the research plan are to (a) to compare impulsivity in cocaine-dependent women with and without sexual trauma-related subthreshold PTSD to appropriate control groups, (b) to investigate the relationships among PTSD symptoms, HIV risk behaviors, and impulsivity, and (c) to investigate the relationships among cocaine dependence, HIV risk behaviors, and impulsivity.
		The findings of the proposed study will be used to inform future research in the area of impulsivity among women with comorbid substance use disorders and PTSD, perhaps leading eventually to the development of an intervention to address the harmful consequences of a variety of impulsive behaviors.
	www.musc.edu /psychiatry/research/cns/mentoring.htm (387 words)

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