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| | Thermodynamics, Evolution, and Behavior |
 | | In this century, Boltzmann's view of the second law of thermodynamics as a law of disorder (advanced during the last quarter of the nineteenth century) became the apparent physical basis for justifying the postulates of incommensurability (the first between psychology and physics, and the second between biology and physics). |
 | | With the physics of Newton the world consisted of passive particles that had to be ordered, but with Boltzmann's view the physical world was not just assumed to be "dead" or passive, but constantly working to do destroy order. |
 | | 39), one of the founders of neo-Darwinism, wrote about the apparent incommensurability between living things and their environments, between biology and physics, or, more particularly, between evolution and thermodynamics, "entropy changes lead to a progressive disorganization of the physical world...while evolutionary changes [produce] progressively higher organization...". |
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